Apparatus for pretreatment and subsequent conveying of plastic material having a pocket
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
B29C-047/10
B01F-015/02
B29B-013/10
B29B-017/00
B29B-017/04
B02C-018/08
B29C-047/66
B29C-047/40
B29C-047/00
B29C-047/38
B29K-105/26
출원번호
US-0351687
(2012-10-12)
등록번호
US-9266272
(2016-02-23)
우선권정보
AT-A 1509/2011 (2011-10-14)
국제출원번호
PCT/AT2012/050158
(2012-10-12)
국제공개번호
WO2013/052986
(2013-04-18)
발명자
/ 주소
Feichtinger, Klaus
Hackl, Manfred
출원인 / 주소
EREMA ENGINEERING RECYCLING MASCHINEN UND ANLAGEN GESELLSCHAFT M.B.H.
대리인 / 주소
Kilpatrick Townsend & Stockton LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
4인용 특허 :
21
초록▼
Disclosed is an apparatus for the processing of plastics, with a container with a rotatable mixing implement, wherein the imaginary continuation of the longitudinal axis of a conveyor in a direction opposite to the direction of conveying passes the axis of rotation, where, on the outflow side, there
Disclosed is an apparatus for the processing of plastics, with a container with a rotatable mixing implement, wherein the imaginary continuation of the longitudinal axis of a conveyor in a direction opposite to the direction of conveying passes the axis of rotation, where, on the outflow side, there is an offset distance between the longitudinal axis and the radial parallel to the longitudinal axis, wherein in the wall section that is part of the housing and that immediately follows the intake aperture in the direction of conveying and that completely surrounds the screw, a pocket extends in the direction of conveying, starting at the downstream edge of the intake aperture over a length (L), where 0.8 d≦L≦9 d, where d is the external diameter or the diameter of the envelope curve of the screw in the wall section.
대표청구항▼
1. An apparatus for the pretreatment and subsequent conveying, plastification or agglomeration of plastics waste for recycling purposes, with a container (1) for the material to be processed, wherein at least one mixing and/or comminution implement (3) which rotates around an axis (10) of rotation a
1. An apparatus for the pretreatment and subsequent conveying, plastification or agglomeration of plastics waste for recycling purposes, with a container (1) for the material to be processed, wherein at least one mixing and/or comminution implement (3) which rotates around an axis (10) of rotation and which is intended for the mixing, heating and optionally comminution of the plastics material is in the container, where an aperture (8) through which the pretreated plastics material can be removed from the interior of the container (1) is formed in a side wall (9) of the container (1) in the region of the level of the, or of a lowest, mixing and/or comminution implement (3) that is closest to the base,where at least one conveyor (5) or extruder (5), is provided to receive the pretreated material, and has at least one screw (6) which rotates in a housing (16) and which has plastifying or agglomerating action, where the housing (16) has, located at its end (7) or in its jacket wall, an intake aperture (80) for the material to be received by the screw (6), and there is connection between the intake aperture (80) and the aperture (8),whereinthe imaginary continuation of the central longitudinal axis (15) of the conveyor (5) or of the screw (6) closest to the intake aperture (80), in a direction opposite to the direction (17) of conveying of the conveyor (5), passes, and does not intersect, the axis (10) of rotation, where, on an outflow side or in the direction (12) of rotation or of movement of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3), there is an offset distance (18) between the longitudinal axis (15) of the conveyor (5) or of the screw (6) closest to the intake aperture (80), and a radius (11) that is associated with the container (1) and that is parallel to the longitudinal axis (15) and that proceeds outwards from the axis (10) of rotation of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3) in the direction (17) of conveying of the conveyor (5), and wherein in a wall section (105) that is part of the housing (16) and that immediately follows the intake aperture (80) in the direction (17) of conveying and that completely surrounds the screw (6), there is a pocket (100) which extends in the direction (17) of conveying, starting at the downstream edge (20′) of the intake aperture (80) or at the furthest downstream point (20) of the intake aperture (80), over a length (L), where 0.8 d≦L≦9 d, where d is the external diameter or the diameter of an envelope defined by rotation of the screw (6) in the wall section (105). 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, for the conveyor (5) in contact with the container (1), a scalar product of a direction vector that is associated with a direction (19) of rotation and that is tangential to a circle described by the radially outermost point of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3) or that is tangential to the plastics material transported past the aperture (8) and that is normal to the radius (11) of the container (1), and that points in the direction (12) of rotation or of movement of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3) and of the direction vector (17) that is associated with the direction of conveying of the conveyor (5) at each individual point or in the entire region of the aperture (8) or immediately radially prior to the aperture (8) is zero or negative. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an angle (α) included between a direction vector that is associated with a direction (19) of rotation of the radially outermost point of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3) and a direction vector (17) that is associated with the direction of conveying of the conveyor (5) is greater than or equal to 90° and smaller than or equal to 180°, measured at a point of intersection of the two direction vectors (17, 19) at an inflow-side edge that is associated with the aperture (8) and that is situated upstream in relation to the direction (12) of rotation or of movement of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3) at the point (20) that is on the said edge or on the aperture (8) and is situated furthest upstream. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an angle (β) included between a direction vector (19) that is associated with the direction (12) of rotation or of movement and a direction vector (17) that is associated with the direction of conveying of the conveyor (5) is from 170° to 180°, measured at the point of intersection of the two direction vectors (17, 19) in the middle of the aperture (8). 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the offset distance (18) is greater than or equal to half of the internal diameter of the housing (16) of the conveyor (5) or of the screw (6), and/or greater than or equal to 7% of a radius of the container (1), or wherein the distance (18) is greater than or equal to the radius (11) of the container (1). 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the offset distance (18) is greater than or equal to half of the internal diameter of the housing (16) of the conveyor (5) or of the screw (6), and/or greater than or equal to 20% of the radius of the container (1). 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the imaginary continuation of the longitudinal axis (15) of the conveyor (5) in a direction opposite to the direction of conveying is arranged in the manner of a secant in relation to the cross section of the container (1), and, at least in sections, passes through the space within the container (1). 8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor (5) is attached tangentially to the container (1) or runs tangentially in relation to the cross section of the container (1), or wherein the longitudinal axis (15) of the conveyor (5) or of the screw (6) or the longitudinal axis of the screw (6) closest to the intake aperture (80) runs tangentially with respect to the inner side of the side wall (9) of the container (1), or the inner wall of the housing (16) does so, or the screw (6) does so, where a is drive connected to the end (7) of the screw (6), and that the screw provides conveying, at its opposite end, to a discharge aperture which is an extruder head and which is arranged at the end of the housing (16). 9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein there is immediate and direct connection between the aperture (8) and the intake aperture (80), without substantial separation or without a transfer section or a conveying screw. 10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mixing and/or comminution implement (3) comprises implements and/or blades (14) which, in the direction (12) of rotation or of movement, have a comminuting, cutting and heating effect on the plastics material, where the implements and/or blades (14) are arranged or formed on or at a rotatable implement carrier (13) which is a carrier disc (13) and which is arranged parallel to a basal surface (2) of the container (1). 11. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a manner of formation, set-up, curvature and/or arrangement of frontal regions or frontal edges (22) that are associated with the mixing and/or comminution implements (3) or with blades (14), act on the plastics material and point in the direction (12) of rotation or of movement, differs when comparison is made with the regions that, in the direction (12) of rotation or of movement, are at a rear or behind. 12. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the container (1) is in essence cylindrical with circular cross section and with a level basal surface (2) and with, orientated vertically in relation thereto, a side wall (9) which has the shape of the jacket of a cylinder, and/or the axis (10) of rotation of the mixing and/or comminution implements (3) coincides with the central axis of the container (1), and/or the axis (10) of rotation or the central axis are orientated vertically and/or normally in relation to the basal surface (2). 13. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a lowest implement carrier (13) or a lowest of the mixing and/or comminution implements (3) and/or the aperture (8) are arranged close to the base at a small distance from a basal surface (2) in the region of the lowest quarter of the height of the container (1) and at a distance of from 10 mm to 400 mm from the basal surface (2) of the container (1). 14. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor (5) is a single-screw extruder (6) with a single compression screw (6), or is a twin- or multiscrew extruder, where the diameters d of the individual screws (6) are all identical. 15. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in the housing (16), in the region along the intake aperture (80), there is a second pocket (101). 16. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in the pocket (100) and optionally in a second pocket (101), there is at least one retarding element (102, 103) which assists the flow of material in the direction (16) of conveying, or which assists the introduction of material into the screw (6), and which takes the form of a rib or of a displaceable element (102), or of a wall groove (103). 17. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a retarding element (102, 103) extends over the entire length of the pocket (100) or over the entire length of a further pocket (101). 18. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a length (LS) of a respective retarding element (102, 103) in the pocket (100) is from 60% to 100% of L, and a retarding element (2, 3) extends in the direction (16) of conveying, starting from the downstream edge (20′) of the intake aperture (80) or from the furthest downstream point (20) of the intake aperture (80). 19. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the length (LS) of the respective retarding element (102, 103) in the pocket (100) is from 75% to 100% of L. 20. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the internal wall area of the wall section (105) is cylindrical or narrows in the direction (16) of conveying. 21. The apparatus according to claim 20, wherein the internal wall area of the wall section (105) conically narrows in the direction (16) of conveying. 22. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the distance between a rib or a displaceable element (102) and the envelope of the screw (6) in the pocket (100) and/or in a further pocket (101) is constant, or the distance between the rib or the displaceable element and the envelope of the screw (6) in the pocket (100) and/or in the further pocket (101) alters and decreases in the direction of conveying. 23. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in the direction (17) of conveying, a respective retarding element (102, 103) extends in a straight line parallel to the axis of the screw (6), or, in the form of a helix, surrounds the screw (6) along the periphery thereof, where the pitch of the helix is greater than the pitch of the screw (6). 24. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a rib (102) or a displaceable element extends radially into the housing (16). 25. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of retarding elements (102, 103) provided in the pocket (100) of the wall section (105) extends into a further pocket (101). 26. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the internal cross section of a further pocket (101) corresponds to the cross section of the pocket (100) at the point (20) or at the edge (20′). 27. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a number (A) of retarding elements (102, 103) in the wall section (105), and therefore also the number of pockets (100) A=d/K, where d is the diameter of the screw (6) measured in mm and K is a value in the range from 10 to 110. 28. The apparatus according to claim 27, wherein K is a value in the range from 15 to 90. 29. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the capacity (V) of the pocket (100) per unit of length=k Vs, where k is a value in the range from 0.025 to 2, and Vs is the capacity of the screw (6) per unit of length. 30. The apparatus according to claim 29, wherein k is a value in the range from 0.05 to 1.5. 31. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the retarding elements (102, 103) are helical, and wherein a helix angle of retarding elements (102, 103) with respect to the direction (17) of conveying is from 0° to 75°. 32. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, at least in the region of the pocket (100), the screw (6) is an extruder screw with constant core diameter. 33. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least a subsection of the wall section (105) surrounding the pocket (100) has a cooling unit (120), and in the wall of the housing (16), there is a cooling jacket surrounding the housing (16), and/or there are cooling ducts. 34. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the wall section (105) that is part of the housing (16) and that forms the pocket (100) is a housing part that can be inserted exchangeably into the housing (16) and that has the length L, or wherein the pocket (100) is within a bushing which has the length L and which can be inserted exchangeably into the housing (16). 35. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein 1 d≦L≦7 d.
Bacher, Helmut; Schulz, Helmuth; Wendelin, Georg, Apparatus for pre-treatment and subsequent plastification or agglomeration of synthetic plastic materials.
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