An empennage (1.1) of a helicopter comprising a ducted counter-torque device with a multi-blade rotor (4) of rotor blades (3) and optional vertical tail fins (1.2). Flow-straightening stators (5) of stationary vanes are disposed substantially in a star configuration parallel to the rotor plane downs
An empennage (1.1) of a helicopter comprising a ducted counter-torque device with a multi-blade rotor (4) of rotor blades (3) and optional vertical tail fins (1.2). Flow-straightening stators (5) of stationary vanes are disposed substantially in a star configuration parallel to the rotor plane downstream from the rotor (4). A shroud (2.1) of the ducted counter-torque device is sheathed with a composite structure of an outer erosion protecting surface layer (7.1, 8.1) made of a hard plastic or a plastic composite material, and at least one succeeding layer (7.2, 8.2) of an elastomeric damping material.
대표청구항▼
1. An empennage of a helicopter comprising: a ducted counter-torque device with a multi-blade rotor of rotor blades, the rotor being actuated by an actuation shaft mounted along a tail boom, andflow-straightening stators of stationary vanes disposed substantially in a star configuration parallel to
1. An empennage of a helicopter comprising: a ducted counter-torque device with a multi-blade rotor of rotor blades, the rotor being actuated by an actuation shaft mounted along a tail boom, andflow-straightening stators of stationary vanes disposed substantially in a star configuration parallel to the rotor plane downstream from the rotor inside a shroud of the ducted counter-torque device, wherein at least the shroud of the ducted counter-torque device is sheathed with a composite structure of an outer erosion protecting surface layer made of a hard plastic or a plastic composite material and at least one succeeding layer of an elastomeric damping material;wherein the shroud of the ducted counter-torque device with the composite structure of the outer erosion protecting surface layer made of the hard plastic or the layer of plastic composite material succeeded by one layer of the elastomeric damping element is further succeeded by a layer of plastic composite material being succeeded by one layer of the elastomeric damping material succeeded by another layer made of the plastic composite material or metal. 2. The empennage according to claim 1, wherein at least one load bearing structural layer is following the at least one succeeding layer. 3. The empennage according to claim 1, wherein outer walls of the empennage are at least partly sheathed with a composite structure of: at least one outer erosion protecting surface layer made of a hard plastic or a plastic composite material,at least one succeeding layer of an elastomeric damping material, andload bearing structural layers following the at least one succeeding layer. 4. The empennage according to claim 1, wherein the rotor blades of the ducted counter-torque device are sheathed with a composite structure of at least one outer erosion protecting surface layer made of a hard plastic or a plastic composite material, andat least one succeeding layer of an elastomeric damping material. 5. The empennage according to claim 1, wherein the stationary vanes of the flow-straightening stators of the ducted counter-torque device are sheathed with a composite structure of at least one outer erosion protecting surface layer made of a hard plastic or a plastic composite material, andat least one succeeding layer of an elastomeric damping material attached to the structural stator component. 6. The empennage according to claim 1, wherein the hard plastic is made of polyurethane, or preferably HMW-polyethylene, and/or even more preferably UHMW-polyethylene. 7. The empennage according to claim 1, wherein the elastomeric damping material is made of ethylene-propylene-dien-caotchouc (EPDM), ethylene-acrylate-caoutchouc (EAM), fluor-carbon-caoutchouc (FKM), natural caotchouc (NR) and/or elastomeric polyurethane (PU). 8. The empennage according to claim 1, wherein the composite structure comprises essentially one or several layers of elastomeric material intermixed with either metallic sheets or plastic matrix material. 9. The empennage according to claim 1, wherein the elastomeric material is treated with a cross linking agent, e.g. materials from the group of peroxides, amines or bi-phenoles. 10. The empennage according to claim 1, wherein the layer of elastomeric material is bonded by a thermal process to the matrix material by help of a thermosetting resin, e.g. epoxy resin, phenol-formaldehyde-resin, polyester-resin or acrylate-resin. 11. The empennage according to claim 1, wherein the outer erosion protecting surface layer, the one layer of the elastomeric damping element, the layer of plastic composite material, the another layer of the elastomeric damping material, and the another layer made of the plastic composite material or metal are arranged in sequential order. 12. An empennage of a helicopter comprising: a ducted counter-torque device with a multi-blade rotor of rotor blades, the rotor being actuated by an actuation shaft mounted along a tail boom, the ducted counter-torque device having a shroud surrounding the multi-blade rotor, and flow-straightening stators with stationary vanes disposed substantially in a star configuration parallel to the rotor plane downstream from the rotor and inside the shroud;wherein the shroud is sheathed with a composite structure having, arranged in sequential order, an outer erosion protecting surface layer, a first elastomeric damping element layer, an intermediate composite structure layer, a second elastomeric damping element layer, and an inner load bearing structural layer;wherein the outer erosion protecting surface layer is formed from one of a hard plastic or a plastic composite material; andwherein the inner load bearing structural layer is formed from one of a plastic composite material or a metal, and is configured to hold an inner circumference of the shroud against mechanical and aerodynamic loads. 13. The empennage according to claim 12, wherein the composite structure of the shroud is configured to damp vibrations and broad-band noise produced by an operating rotor. 14. The empennage according to claim 12, wherein the ducted counter-torque device has outer walls surrounding the shroud and extending outwardly therefrom; wherein the outer walls are at least partially sheathed in a composite structure having, arranged in sequential order, at least one outer erosion protecting surface layer, at least one succeeding layer of an elastomeric damping material, and a load bearing structural layers following the at least one succeeding layer. the outer erosion protecting surface layer formed from one of a hard plastic or a plastic composite material. 15. The empennage according to claim 14, wherein the stationary vanes of the flow-straightening stators of the ducted counter-torque device are sheathed with a composite structure of at least one outer erosion protecting surface layer made of a hard plastic or a plastic composite material, and at least one succeeding layer of an elastomeric damping material attached to the structural stator component. 16. The empennage according to claim 15, wherein the rotor blades of the ducted counter-torque device are formed from a structural load carrying kernel sheathed with a composite structure having at least one outer erosion protecting surface layer and at least one succeeding layer of an elastomeric damping material, the at least one outer erosion protecting surface layer formed from one of a hard plastic or a plastic composite material. 17. The empennage according to claim 12, wherein the stationary vanes of the flow-straightening stators of the ducted counter-torque device are formed with a load carrying structural component on a rotating vortex side of the stationary vanes, and an elastomeric layer on a side with reduced aerodynamic load opposed to the rotating vortex side. 18. The empennage according to claim 17, wherein the stationary vanes of the flow-straightening stators of the ducted counter-torque device are further formed with an additional outer layer of a hard plastic, the additional outer layer surrounding the structural component and the elastomeric layer. 19. The empennage according to claim 12, wherein the rotor blades of the ducted counter-torque device are formed from a structural load carrying kernel sheathed with a composite structure having at least one outer erosion protecting surface layer and at least one succeeding layer of an elastomeric damping material, the at least one outer erosion protecting surface layer formed from one of a hard plastic or a plastic composite material.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (9)
Marze, Henri-James, Absorbent structure for attenuating noise particular by a rotor-generator noise, and a rotor duct including such a structure.
Marze Henri-James R. (Rognac FRX) Routhieau Vincent J. L. (Aix-En-Provence FRX) Arnaud Gilles L. (Marseille FRX) Arnaud Remy E. (Vitrolles FRX), Counter-torque device with ducted rotor and phase modulation of the blades, for helicopter.
Dequin Andre-Michel L. (Aix en Provence FRX) Daldoss Louis J. (Aix en Provence FRX) Barquet Henri F. (Chateauneuf les Martigues FRX), Counter-torque device with ducted tail rotor and ducted flow-straightening stator, for helicopters.
Marze Henri-James R. (Rognac FRX) Routhieau Vincent J. L. (Aix-en-Provence FRX) Arnaud Gilles L. (Marseille FRX) Arnaud Remy E. (Vitrolles FRX), Counter-torque device with rotor and flow straightening stator, both of which are ducted, and inclined flow-straightenin.
Marze Henri-James R. (Rognac FRX) Routhieau Vincent Jean-Luc (Aix-En-Provence FRX) Arnaud Gilles L. (Marseille FRX) Arnaud Remy E. (Vitrolles FRX), Counter-torque device with rotor and flow-straightening stator, both of which are ducted, and phase modulation of the bl.
Marze, Henri-James, Method of optimizing a ducted anti-torque rotor of a rotorcraft, in particular a helicopter, to minimize acoustic annoyance, and a ducted anti-torque rotor obtained thereby.
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