A system for detecting ice or supercooled large droplets within an area of interest having a detection system measuring radiance or reflectance of the area of interest when exposed to shortwave infrared radiation having a wavelength in the range of about 2.05 μm to about 2.30 μm. The detection syste
A system for detecting ice or supercooled large droplets within an area of interest having a detection system measuring radiance or reflectance of the area of interest when exposed to shortwave infrared radiation having a wavelength in the range of about 2.05 μm to about 2.30 μm. The detection system measures the radiance or reflectance in a first band having a wavelength in the range of about 2.05 μm to about 2.15 μm and outputting a first band signal, and further measures the radiance or reflectance in a second band having a wavelength in the range of about 2.15 μm to about 2.30 μm and outputting a second band signal. A processing unit determines a ratio of the first band signal and the second band signal and compares the ratio to a predetermined critical ratio and outputs a determination signal indicating presence of ice or supercooled water droplets.
대표청구항▼
1. A system for detecting ice and/or water within an area of interest, said system comprising: a detection system measuring radiance level of the area of interest when exposed to shortwave infrared (SWIR) radiation having a wavelength in the range of about 2.05 μm to about 2.30 μm, said detection sy
1. A system for detecting ice and/or water within an area of interest, said system comprising: a detection system measuring radiance level of the area of interest when exposed to shortwave infrared (SWIR) radiation having a wavelength in the range of about 2.05 μm to about 2.30 μm, said detection system measuring said radiance level in a first band having a wavelength in the range of about 2.05 μm to about 2.15 μm and outputting a first band signal, said detection system measuring said radiance level in a second band having a wavelength in the range of about 2.15 μm to about 2.30 μm and outputting a second band signal; anda processing unit determining a radiance ratio of said first band signal and said second band signal, said processing unit comparing said radiance ratio to predetermined critical ratio ranges and outputting a determination signal indicating at least one of presence of ice when said radiance ratio is within a first range of said predetermined critical ratio ranges and presence of water when said radiance ratio is within a second range of said predetermined critical ratio ranges. 2. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: a temperature sensing system determining a temperature of the area of interest and outputting a temperature signal,wherein said processing unit comparing said temperature signal to a predetermined critical temperature range and outputting said determination signal in response thereto. 3. The system according to claim 1 wherein said processing unit determines existence of specular reflection in the area of interest, said processing unit outputting said determination signal in response to said specular reflection. 4. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: an auxiliary camera imaging the area of interest and outputting an auxiliary camera output,wherein said processing unit determines existence of specular reflection in the area of interest based on said auxiliary camera output, said processing unit outputting said determination signal in response to said specular reflection. 5. The system according to claim 1 wherein said processing unit calculates an effective radius of water droplets detected within the area of interest and outputs said determination signal in response thereto. 6. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: a second detection system measuring radiance in a non-absorbing spectral band in a range of about 0.5 μm to about 0.7 μm and outputting a second detection system signal,wherein said processing unit uses said second detection system signal, said first band signal, and said second band signal to calculate an effective radius of water droplets detected within the area of interest and outputs said determination signal in response thereto. 7. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: a second detection system measuring radiance in an absorbing spectral band in a range of about 3.0 μm to about 5.0 μm and outputting a second detection system signal,wherein said processing unit uses said second detection system signal, said first band signal, and said second band signal to calculate an effective radius of water droplets detected within the area of interest and outputs said determination signal in response thereto. 8. The system according to claim 1 wherein said detection system comprises one or more detectors, each of said one or more detectors being sensitive to said shortwave infrared (SWIR) radiation having said wavelength in the range of about 2.05 μm to about 2.30 μm. 9. The system according to claim 8 wherein said one or more detectors comprises at least two detectors, a first of said at least two detectors being sensitive to a first spectrum range of said about 2.05 μm to about 2.30 μm range and a second of said at least two detectors being sensitive to a second spectrum range of said about 2.05 μm to about 2.30 μm range, said first spectrum range and said second spectrum range being at least partially different. 10. The system according to claim 1 wherein said detection system comprises at least one camera, said at least one camera being sensitive to said shortwave infrared (SWIR) radiation having said wavelength in the range of about 2.05 μm to about 2.30 μm. 11. The system according to claim 10 wherein said detection system further comprises two or more spectral filters operably coupled to said at least one camera, a first of said two or more spectral filters being sensitive to a first spectrum range of said about 2.05 μm to about 2.30 μm range and a second of said at least two detectors being sensitive to a second spectrum range of said about 2.05 μm to about 2.30 μm range, said first spectrum range and said second spectrum range being at least partially different. 12. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: a data display system displaying an indicia in response to said determination signal. 13. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: a device or anti-icing system of an airborne-based vehicle being responsive to said determination signal. 14. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: a flight control system of an airborne-based vehicle being responsive to said determination signal. 15. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: a brake control system of a ground-based vehicle being responsive to said determination signal. 16. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: a light source outputting light energy at a wavelength in the range of about 2.05 μm to about 2.30 μm, said light source illuminating the area of interest. 17. The system according to claim 16 wherein said light source is selected from the group consisting of a laser, halogen light, infrared light, and light-emitting diode. 18. A method for detecting ice within an area of interest, said method comprising: measuring a first radiance level of the area of interest at a first spectral band in the range of about 2.05 μm to about 2.15 μm;measuring a second radiance level of the area of interest at a second spectral band in the range of about 2.15 μm to about 2.30 μm;calculating a radiance ratio of said first radiance level and said second radiance level; anddetermining whether said radiance ratio is within a predetermined critical radiance ratio range,if said radiance ratio is within said predetermined critical radiance ratio range then determining if a specular reflection is present by determining if said first radiance is greater than a predetermined critical radiance and outputting an ice-present warning. 19. A method for detecting supercooled liquid water droplets within an area of interest, said method comprising: measuring a first radiance level of the area of interest at a first spectral band in the range of about 2.05 μm to about 2.15 μm;measuring a second radiance level of the area of interest at a second spectral band in the range of about 2.15 μm to about 2.30 μm;calculating a radiance ratio of said first radiance level and said second radiance level; anddetermining whether said radiance ratio is within a predetermined critical radiance ratio range,if said radiance ratio is within said predetermined critical radiance ratio range then measuring a temperature of the area of interest and determining if said temperature is within a predetermined critical temperature range and outputting a supercooled-liquid-water-droplets-present warning. 20. A method for detecting supercooled large droplets (SLD) within an area of interest, said method comprising: measuring a first radiance level of the area of interest at a first spectral band in the range of about 2.05 μm to about 2.15 μm;measuring a second radiance level of the area of interest at a second spectral band in the range of about 2.15 μm to about 2.30 μm;calculating a radiance ratio of said first radiance level and said second radiance level; anddetermining whether said radiance ratio is greater than a predetermined critical radiance ratio,if said radiance ratio is within said predetermined critical radiance ratio then calculating a droplet effective radius and determining if said droplet effective radius is greater than a predetermined critical droplet radius and outputting a supercooled-large-droplets-present warning.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (42)
Jamieson, James R.; Ray, Mark D., Advanced warning ice detection system for aircraft.
Hill Geoffrey E. (Logan UT) Woffinden Duard S. (Logan UT) Chadwick Duane G. (North Logan UT), Apparatus and method for measuring concentrations of supercooled liquid water.
Booth Charles R. (San Diego CA) Kiefer Dale A. (Los Angeles CA), Method and apparatus for determining concentrations of chlorophyll and the rate of primary production in water.
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