A method to upgrade oil wherein an oil containing material is heated with a catalyst in a turbulent environment of less than about 1 volume percent oxygen to produce a vapor phase comprising an upgraded oil. Also disclosed is a thermal desorption process in which an oil contaminated substrate is con
A method to upgrade oil wherein an oil containing material is heated with a catalyst in a turbulent environment of less than about 1 volume percent oxygen to produce a vapor phase comprising an upgraded oil. Also disclosed is a thermal desorption process in which an oil contaminated substrate is contacted with an acidic reagent to form a peptizate, and the peptizate is mixed with a combustion effluent gas under turbulent conditions at a temperature above 200° C. to form the catalyst for the oil upgrading method.
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1. A method comprising: heating an oil containing material with a catalyst in a turbulent environment comprising less than about 1 volume percent oxygen within a reactor at a temperature, pressure, and for a period of time sufficient to produce a vapor phase at an exit of the reactor comprising an u
1. A method comprising: heating an oil containing material with a catalyst in a turbulent environment comprising less than about 1 volume percent oxygen within a reactor at a temperature, pressure, and for a period of time sufficient to produce a vapor phase at an exit of the reactor comprising an upgraded oil, wherein the vapor phase exits the reactor at a temperature of greater than or equal to about 150° C.;the upgraded oil comprising at least one of (1) a lower aromatic content relative to the oil present in the oil containing material; (2) a lower sulfur content relative to the oil present in the oil containing material; (3) a lower functional group content relative to the oil present in the oil containing material; and (4) a higher viscosity, a higher viscosity index, or both, relative to the oil present in the oil containing material;the catalyst comprising particulates recovered from a thermal desorption process in which an oil contaminated substrate has been contacted with an acidic reagent to form a peptizate and the peptizate mixed with a combustion effluent gas comprising less than about 1 volume percent oxygen under turbulent conditions at a temperature above 200° C. to form a light phase comprising desorbed oil and a dense phase from which the catalyst is recovered, the substrate comprising a peptizable matrix component selected from acid-reactive clays and minerals. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the upgraded oil comprises a lower aromatic content relative to the oil present in the oil containing material. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the upgraded oil comprises a lower sulfur content relative to the oil present in the oil containing material. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the upgraded oil comprises a lower functional group content relative to the oil present in the oil containing material. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the upgraded oil comprises a higher viscosity, a higher viscosity index, or both, relative to the oil present in the oil containing material. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil containing material comprises water. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil containing material is combined with water, catalyst, or both prior to said heating of the oil containing material. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein water, steam, and/or catalyst is injected into the reactor simultaneous with said heating of the oil containing material. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the vapor phase exits the reactor at a temperature of greater than about 180° C. and less than 500° C. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure in the reactor is from about 0.9 to about 1.25 atmospheres, absolute. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil containing material is a waste oil. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil containing material is an emulsion. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil containing material is a petroleum fraction. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil containing material is a sludge. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil containing material is a drilling fluid. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising condensing the vapor phase to recover the upgraded oil. 17. A method comprising: recovering catalyst as particulates from a dense phase of a thermal desorption process comprising contacting an oil contaminated substrate with an acidic reagent to form a peptizate, and mixing the peptizate with a combustion effluent gas comprising less than about 1 volume percent oxygen under turbulent conditions at a temperature above 200° C. to form a light phase comprising desorbed oil and the dense phase from which the catalyst is recovered, wherein the substrate comprises a peptizable matrix component selected from acid-reactive clays and minerals; andheating an oil containing material with the recovered catalyst in a turbulent environment comprising less than about 1 volume percent oxygen within a reactor at a temperature, pressure, and for a period of time sufficient to produce a vapor phase at an exit of the reactor comprising an upgraded oil;wherein the vapor phase exits the reactor at a temperature of greater than or equal to about 150° C.; andwherein the upgraded oil comprises at least one of (1) a lower aromatic content relative to the oil present in the oil containing material; (2) a lower sulfur content relative to the oil present in the oil containing material; (3) a lower functional group content relative to the oil present in the oil containing material; and (4) a higher viscosity, a higher viscosity index, or both, relative to the oil present in the oil containing material. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein at least a portion of the catalyst is recovered from the light phase of the thermal desorption process. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the oil contaminated substrate utilized in the thermal desorption process comprises oil based drill cuttings. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the pressure in the reactor is less than about 0.1 MPa gauge (14.7 psig).
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (13)
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