초록 ▼

A semiconductor laser produces infrared radiation suitable for jamming a heat seeking missile, wherein a wavelength of the radiation is in a range of 2-5 microns, and the laser has a semiconductor lasing medium of Pb1-xSexPb1-xSnxSe or Ga0.84In0.16As0.14Sb0.86. These materials can be doped to provid

A semiconductor laser produces infrared radiation suitable for jamming a heat seeking missile, wherein a wavelength of the radiation is in a range of 2-5 microns, and the laser has a semiconductor lasing medium of Pb1-xSexPb1-xSnxSe or Ga0.84In0.16As0.14Sb0.86. These materials can be doped to provide a p/n junction, wherein the laser is excitable by electric current passing through the p/n junction. The third one of these materials can be constructed also as a uniform undoped slab which is excitable optically. Cooling of the lasing medium is accomplished by use of a lithium heat sink thermally coupled to the lasing medium by a diamond thermal diffuser which conducts heat from the relatively small region of the laser to spread out the thermal energy along a relatively large surface of the heat sink. Modulation circuitry is connected to the excitation apparatus to provide a pulse train of the radiation.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A countermeasures system for thwarting an attack by a heat seeking missile, comprising: a laser having a lasing medium;excitation means for exciting the lasing medium to emit infrared radiation to be radiated at the missile;cryogenic means for cooling said lasing medium to a cryogenic temperature

1. A countermeasures system for thwarting an attack by a heat seeking missile, comprising: a laser having a lasing medium;excitation means for exciting the lasing medium to emit infrared radiation to be radiated at the missile;cryogenic means for cooling said lasing medium to a cryogenic temperature; andwherein said excitation means includes means for modulating the radiation to produce pulses of the radiation;said cryogenic means includes a heat sink, and a thermal diffuser thermally interconnecting said heat sink with said lasing medium; andsaid lasing medium comprises a semiconductor material. 2. A system according to claim 1 wherein a wavelength of said infrared radiation is in a range of 2-5 microns, and said semiconductor material is Pb1-xSexPb1-xSnxSe or Ga0.84In0.16As0.14Sb0.86. 3. A system according to claim 1 wherein said lasing medium is a lead Chalcogenide or a III-V compound. 4. A system according to claim 1 wherein said heat sink comprises a thermally conductive material of relatively high specific heat, and said diffuser comprises a thermally conductive material of relatively low specific heat and high thermal diffusivity. 5. A system according to claim 4 wherein said thermally conductive material of said heat sink is lithium, and said thermally conductive material of said diffuser is diamond. 6. A system according to claim 5 wherein said cryogenic means further comprises a thermally conductive housing enclosing said lithium. 7. A system according to claim 1 wherein said semiconductor material is doped to provide therein a p/n junction, and said excitation means comprises means for applying an excitation current through said p/n junction. 8. A system according to claim 1 wherein said semiconductor material is a uniform undoped solid slab, and said excitation means comprises means for applying optically an excitation radiation to said lasing medium. 9. A system according to claim 1 wherein said excitation means is an optical excitation means comprising an array of sources of pump radiation and an input lens system comprising cylindrical lens elements, the cylindrical lens elements being oriented in orthogonal planes for altering a configuration of the array of excitation sources to match a configuration of said lasing medium. 10. A system according to claim 1 further comprising an output lens system comprising a plurality of cylindrical lens elements oriented in orthogonal planes for converting a cross-section of a beam of radiation emitted by the lasing medium to a uniform cross-section of transmitted beam. 11. A system according to claim 10 wherein said uniform cross-section of said output beam is square or circular. 12. A laser system comprising: a laser having a lasing medium comprising a solid slab of semiconductor material;excitation means for exciting the lasing medium to emit infrared radiation to be radiated at a missile;cryogenic means for cooling said lasing medium to a cryogenic temperature; andwherein said cryogenic means includes a heat sink, means for extracting heat from said heat sink, and a thermal diffuser thermally interconnecting said heat sink with said lasing medium;said slab has a mating surface adapted for thermally mating with said diffuser for withdrawal of heat from the laser, and said sink has a mating surface mating with said diffuser; andsaid mating surface of said sink is greater than said mating surface of said slab, said diffuser serving to diffuse heat from the relatively small mating surface of said slab about the relatively large mating surface of said sink. 13. A system according to claim 12 wherein the area of said sink mating surface is greater by at least a factor of approximately 10 than the area of the mating surface of said slab. 14. A system according to claim 13 wherein the specific heat of said sink is greater than that of said diffuser at cryogenic temperatures, and the thermal diffusivity of said diffuser is greater than that of said sink at cryogenic temperatures. 15. A countermeasures system for thwarting an attack by a heat seeking missile, comprising: a laser having a lasing medium;an exciter to excite the lasing medium to emit infrared radiation to be radiated at the missile;a cooling apparatus to cool said lasing medium; andwherein said exciter includes a modulator to modulate the radiation to produce pulses of the radiation;said cooling apparatus includes a heat sink and a thermal diffuser to thermally interconnect said heat sink with said lasing medium; andsaid lasing medium comprises a semiconductor material. 16. The system according to claim 15 wherein a wavelength of said infrared radiation is in a range of 2-5 microns, and said semiconductor material is Pb1-xSexPb1-xSnxSe or Ga0.84In0.16As0.14Sb0.86. 17. The system according to claim 15 wherein said lasing medium is a lead Chalcogenide or a III-V compound. 18. The system according to claim 15 wherein said heat sink comprises a thermally conductive material of relatively high specific heat, and said diffuser comprises a thermally conductive material of relatively low specific heat and high thermal diffusivity. 19. The system according to claim 18 wherein said thermally conductive material of said heat sink is lithium, and said thermally conductive material of said diffuser is diamond. 20. The system according to claim 19 wherein said cryogenic apparatus further comprises a thermally conductive housing enclosing said lithium. 21. The system according to claim 15 wherein the cooling apparatus comprises cryogenic apparatus to cool said lasing medium to a cryogenic temperature. 22. The system according to claim 15 wherein said semiconductor material is doped to provide therein a p/n junction, and said exciter comprises circuitry to apply an excitation current through said p/n junction. 23. The system according to claim 15 wherein said semiconductor material is a uniform undoped solid slab, and said exciter comprises circuitry to apply optically an excitation radiation to said lasing medium. 24. The system according to claim 15 wherein said semiconductor material is Ga0.84In0.16As0.14Sb0.86, said semiconductor material being a uniform undoped material, and being excitable by application of an excitation radiation to said lasing medium. 25. The system according to claim 15 wherein said exciter is an optical exciter comprising an array of sources of pump radiation and an input lens system comprising cylindrical lens elements, the cylindrical lens elements being oriented in orthogonal planes for altering a configuration of the array of excitation sources to match a configuration of said lasing medium. 26. The system according to claim 15 further comprising an output lens system comprising a plurality of cylindrical lens elements oriented in orthogonal planes for converting a cross-section of a beam of radiation emitted by the lasing medium to a uniform cross-section of transmitted beam. 27. The system according to claim 26 wherein said uniform cross-section of said output beam is square or circular. 28. A laser system comprising: a laser having a lasing medium comprising a solid slab of semiconductor material;an exciter to excite the lasing medium to emit infrared radiation to be radiated at the missile;a cooling apparatus to cool said lasing medium; andwherein said cooling apparatus includes a heat sink, a heat extractor to extract heat from said heat sink, and a thermal diffuser to thermally interconnect said heat sink with said lasing medium;said lasing medium comprises a semiconductor material;said slab has a mating surface adapted for thermally mating with said diffuser for withdrawal of heat from the laser, and said sink has a mating surface mating with said diffuser; andsaid mating surface of said sink is greater than said mating surface of said slab, said diffuser serving to diffuse heat from the relatively small mating surface of said slab about the relatively large mating surface of said sink. 29. The system according to claim 28 wherein the area of said sink mating surface is greater by at least a factor of approximately 10 than the area of the mating surface of said slab. 30. The system according to claim 29 wherein the specific heat of said sink is greater than that of said diffuser, and the thermal diffusivity of said diffuser is greater than that of said sink. 31. A countermeasures system for thwarting an attack by a heat seeking missile, comprising: a laser having a lasing medium;an exciter to excite the lasing medium to emit infrared radiation to be radiated at the missile;a cooling apparatus to cool said lasing medium; andwherein said exciter includes a modulator to modulate the radiation to produce pulses of the radiation;said cooling apparatus includes a heat sink and a thermal diffuser to thermally interconnect said heat sink with said lasing medium.