Systems and methods for part load control of electrical power generating systems
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F01K-025/08
F01K-007/32
F01K-023/06
F01K-025/10
F24H-009/00
H02K-007/18
G05F-001/66
H02J-004/00
출원번호
US-0843668
(2013-03-15)
등록번호
US-9316121
(2016-04-19)
발명자
/ 주소
Davidson, Chal S.
Wright, Steven A.
출원인 / 주소
SuperCritical Technologies, Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Richardson, Robert R.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
7인용 특허 :
17
초록▼
Disclosed illustrative embodiments include systems for part load control of electrical power generating systems and methods of operating a system for part load control of electrical power generating systems. A representative system includes a computer controller system operatively coupled to an elec
Disclosed illustrative embodiments include systems for part load control of electrical power generating systems and methods of operating a system for part load control of electrical power generating systems. A representative system includes a computer controller system operatively coupled to an electrical power generator and programmed to control a compressor inlet pressure responsive to a level of electrical power output requested of the electrical power generator, and a reservoir with supercritical fluid, responsive to the computer controller system and in fluid communication with the electrical power generating system between a compressor outlet and an expander inlet, and between an expander outlet and a compressor inlet.
대표청구항▼
1. A part load control system for controlling partial loading of an electrical power generator, the electrical power generator being part of an electrical power generating system, the electrical power generating system being operative to execute a thermodynamic cycle using a supercritical fluid and
1. A part load control system for controlling partial loading of an electrical power generator, the electrical power generator being part of an electrical power generating system, the electrical power generating system being operative to execute a thermodynamic cycle using a supercritical fluid and including (a) at least a first compressor having an inlet and an outlet and being structured to compress supercritical fluid, and (b) an expander having an inlet coupled to receive compressed supercritical fluid, an outlet, and being structured to convert a drop in enthalpy of supercritical fluid to mechanical energy, the expander being coupled to the electrical power generator, the part load control system including: a computer controller system operatively coupled to the electrical power generator and programmed to control a compressor inlet pressure directly responsive to a level of electrical power output requested of the electrical power generator; anda reservoir with supercritical fluid, and responsive to the computer controller system to add supercritical fluid to, or withdraw supercritical fluid from, the electrical power generating system, the reservoir being in fluid communication with the electrical power generating system between the compressor outlet and the expander inlet and between the expander outlet and the compressor inlet. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer controller system includes a computer processing component programmed to correlate compressor inlet pressure with electrical power output requested of an electrical power generator. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the computer processing component is programmed to implement at least one of a look-up table having entries including compressor inlet pressure associated with electrical power output of an electrical power generator and a fit to compressor inlet pressure versus electrical power output requested of an electrical power generator. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer controller system is programmed to monitor a plurality of parameters including: temperature of supercritical fluid in the reservoir, between a compressor outlet and an expander inlet, and between an expander outlet and a compressor inlet;pressure of supercritical fluid in the reservoir, between a compressor outlet and an expander inlet, and between an expander outlet and a compressor inlet;electrical power output requested of an electrical power generator; andactual electrical power output from an electrical power generator. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the reservoir includes a heat exchanger disposed therein, the heat exchanger being operable responsive to the controller system. 6. A system comprising: an electrical power generating system operative to execute a thermodynamic cycle using a supercritical fluid, the electrical power generating system including: at least one compressor having an inlet and an outlet and being structured to compress supercritical fluid;an expander having an inlet coupled to receive compressed supercritical fluid, having an outlet, and being structured to convert a drop in enthalpy of supercritical fluid to mechanical energy; andan electrical power generator coupled to the expander; anda part load control system configured to control partial loading of the electrical power generator, the part load control system including: a computer controller system operatively coupled to the electrical power generator to control compressor inlet pressure directly responsive to a level of electrical power output requested of the electrical power generator; anda reservoir with supercritical fluid, the reservoir being responsive to the computer controller system to add supercritical fluid to, or withdraw supercritical fluid from, the electrical power generating system, the reservoir being in fluid communication with the at least one compressor and the expander between the compressor outlet and the expander inlet and between the expander outlet and the compressor inlet. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the computer controller system includes a computer processing component programmed to correlate compressor inlet pressure with electrical power output requested of the electrical power generator. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the computer processing component is programmed to implement at least one of a look-up table having entries including compressor inlet pressure associated with electrical power output of the electrical power generator and a fit to compressor inlet pressure versus electrical power output requested of the electrical power generator. 9. The system of claim 6, wherein the computer controller system is programmed to monitor a plurality of parameters including: temperature of supercritical fluid in the reservoir, between the compressor outlet and the expander inlet, and between the expander outlet and the compressor inlet;pressure of supercritical fluid in the reservoir, between the compressor outlet and the expander inlet, and between the expander outlet and the compressor inlet;electrical power output requested of the electrical power generator; andactual electrical power output from the electrical power generator. 10. The system of claim 6, wherein: the compressor inlet has a first pressure and the compressor outlet has a second pressure that is greater than the first pressure; andthe reservoir has a third pressure that is between the first pressure and the second pressure. 11. The system of claim 6, wherein the part load control system includes a first isolation valve disposed between the reservoir and a piping component between the compressor outlet and the expander inlet and a second isolation valve disposed between the reservoir and a piping component between the expander outlet and the compressor inlet, the first and second valves being operable responsive to the computer controller system. 12. The system of claim 11, further comprising a cooler structured to cool expanded supercritical fluid from the expander and provide cooled supercritical fluid to the compressor, and wherein the second isolation valve is disposed between the reservoir and a piping component coupled to an inlet of the cooler. 13. The system of claim 6, wherein the reservoir includes a heat exchanger disposed therein, the heat exchanger being operable responsive to the computer controller system. 14. The system of claim 6, wherein: the at least one compressor includes: a first compressor structured to compress supercritical fluid, and wherein the inlet is a first inlet and the outlet is a first outlet; andstructured to compress supercritical fluid and having a second inlet coupled in parallel with the first inlet, and further having a second outlet; and whereinthe computer controller system is configured to control inlet pressure of the first and second compressors responsive to the level of electrical power output requested of the electrical power generator. 15. The system of claim 6, wherein: the at least one compressor includes: a first compressor structured to compress supercritical fluid, and wherein the inlet is a first inlet and the outlet is a first outlet; anda second compressor structured to compress supercritical fluid and having a second inlet coupled in fluid communication with the first outlet, and further having a second outlet; and whereinthe computer controller system is programmed to control inlet pressure of the first compressor responsive to the level of electrical power output from the electrical power generator. 16. A method of controlling partial loading of an electrical power generator, the method including: compressing a supercritical fluid with at least a first compressor having an inlet and an outlet, the compressor having a first inlet pressure;expanding supercritical fluid and converting a drop in enthalpy of supercritical fluid to mechanical energy with an expander having an inlet coupled to receive compressed supercritical fluid, the expander having an outlet;generating electricity at a first electrical power output level with an electrical power generator coupled to the expander;correlating compressor inlet pressure directly with a second electrical power output level requested of the electrical power generator;controlling compressor inlet pressure to a second compressor inlet pressure directly responsive to correlating compressor inlet pressure with a second electrical power output level requested of an electrical power generator; andgenerating electricity at the second electrical power output level directly responsive to controlling compressor inlet pressure to the second compressor inlet pressure. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein correlating compressor inlet pressure with the second electrical power output level requested of the electrical power generator includes accessing a look-up-table having entries including compressor inlet pressure associated with electrical power output of the electrical power generator. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein correlating compressor inlet pressure with a second electrical power output level requested of the electrical power generator includes entering a fit of compressor inlet pressure versus electrical power output requested of an electrical power generator. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein controlling compressor inlet pressure to the second compressor inlet pressure includes operatively coupling a reservoir with supercritical fluid between the compressor outlet and the expander inlet and between the expander outlet and the compressor inlet responsive to correlating the compressor inlet pressure with the second electrical power output level requested of the electrical power generator. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein controlling compressor inlet pressure further includes performing at least one operation chosen from: transferring supercritical fluid from a piping component between the compressor outlet and the expander inlet to the reservoir; andtransferring supercritical fluid from the reservoir to a piping component between the expander outlet and the compressor inlet responsive to correlating compressor inlet pressure with a second electrical power output level requested of the electrical power generator. 21. The method of claim 19, further comprising changing a temperature of supercritical fluid in the reservoir. 22. A system comprising: a supercritical power module including: a compressor having an inlet and an outlet and being structured to compress supercritical fluid;a recuperator structured to heat compressed supercritical fluid;an outlet path structured to provide heated compressed supercritical fluid from the recuperator to a heat source;an inlet path structured to provide heated compressed supercritical fluid from the heat source;an expander having an inlet coupled to receive heated compressed supercritical fluid from the heat source, the expander having an outlet, and being structured to convert a drop in enthalpy of supercritical fluid to mechanical energy;an electrical power generator coupled to the expander; anda cooler structured to cool expanded supercritical fluid from the expander and provide cooled supercritical fluid to the compressor; anda part load control system configured to control partial loading of the electrical power generator, the part load control system including: a computer controller system operatively coupled to the electrical power generator and programmed to control compressor inlet pressure directly responsive to a level of electrical power output requested of the electrical power generator; anda reservoir with supercritical fluid, the reservoir being responsive to the computer controller system to add supercritical fluid to, or withdraw supercritical fluid from, the electrical power generating system, the reservoir being in fluid communication with the compressor and the expander between the compressor outlet and the expander inlet and between the expander outlet and the compressor inlet. 23. The system of claim 22, further comprising: a supercritical fluid supply path structured to supply supercritical fluid from the supercritical power module; anda supercritical fluid return path structured to return supercritical fluid to the supercritical power module. 24. A system comprising: a supercritical power module including: a first compressor structured to compress supercritical fluid;a first recuperator structured to heat compressed supercritical fluid from the first compressor;a second compressor structured to compress supercritical fluid in parallel with the first compressor;a second recuperator structured to heat compressed supercritical fluid from the first compressor and the second compressor;an outlet path structured to provide heated compressed supercritical fluid from the second recuperator to a heat source;an inlet path structured to provide heated compressed supercritical fluid from the heat source;an expander coupled to receive heated compressed supercritical fluid from the heat source and structured to convert a drop in enthalpy of supercritical fluid to mechanical energy; anda cooler structured to cool expanded supercritical fluid from the first recuperator and provide cooled supercritical fluid to the first compressor; anda part load control system configured to control partial loading of the electrical power generator, the part load control system including: a computer controller system operatively coupled to the electrical power generator and programmed to control first and second compressor inlet pressure directly responsive to level of electrical power output requested of the electrical power generator; anda reservoir with supercritical fluid, the reservoir being responsive to the computer controller system to add supercritical fluid to, or withdraw supercritical fluid from, the electrical power generating system, the reservoir being in fluid communication with the first and second compressors between the first and second compressor outlets and the expander inlet, and between the expander outlet and the first and second compressor inlets. 25. The system of claim 24, further comprising: a supercritical fluid supply path structured to supply supercritical fluid from the supercritical power module; anda supercritical fluid return path structured to return supercritical fluid to the supercritical power module. 26. A system comprising: a supercritical power module including: a first compressor structured to compress supercritical fluid;a first recuperator structured to heat compressed supercritical fluid from the first compressor;a second compressor structured to compress heated supercritical fluid received from the first recuperator;a second recuperator structured to heat compressed supercritical fluid from the second compressor;an outlet path structured to provide heated compressed supercritical fluid from the second recuperator to a heat source;an inlet path structured to provide heated compressed supercritical fluid from the heat source;an expander coupled to receive heated compressed supercritical fluid from the heat source and structured to convert a drop in enthalpy of supercritical fluid to mechanical energy;an electrical power generator coupled to the expander; anda cooler structured to cool expanded supercritical fluid from the first recuperator and provide cooled supercritical fluid to the first compressor; anda part load control system configured to control partial loading of the electrical power generator, the part load control system including: a computer controller system operatively coupled to the electrical power generator and programmed to control compressor inlet pressure directly responsive to a level of electrical power output requested of the electrical power generator; anda reservoir with supercritical fluid, responsive to the computer controller system to add supercritical fluid to, or withdraw supercritical fluid from, the electrical power generating system, the reservoir being in fluid communication with the first compressor, the second compressor, and the expander between the second compressor outlet and the expander inlet and between the expander outlet and the first compressor inlet.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (17)
Osgerby Ian (c/o Dennis R. Lowe ; Esq. ; 1842 Massachusetts Ave. Lexington MA 02173), Carbon dioxide power cycle.
Held, Timothy J.; Hostler, Stephen; Miller, Jason D.; Vermeersch, Michael; Xie, Tao, Heat engine and heat to electricity systems and methods with working fluid mass management control.
Crawford John T. (Naperville IL) Tyree ; Jr. Lewis (Oak Brook IL) Fischer Harry C. (Maggie Valley NC) Coers Don H. (Naperville IL), Power plant using CO2as a working fluid.
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