초록

Use of a non-ionic surfactant in the preparation of modified sulfur and/or modified sulfur cement that may or may not be modified sulfur concrete.

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1. Modified sulfur which comprises a sulfur component, a mixture of oligomeric hydrocarbons and a non-ionic surfactant wherein the sulfur component comprises 45-65% by weight of monoclinic sulfur and 35-55% by weight of polysulfide, based on the total weight of the sulfur component. 2. Modified sulf

1. Modified sulfur which comprises a sulfur component, a mixture of oligomeric hydrocarbons and a non-ionic surfactant wherein the sulfur component comprises 45-65% by weight of monoclinic sulfur and 35-55% by weight of polysulfide, based on the total weight of the sulfur component. 2. Modified sulfur according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is an alkylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanol. 3. Modified sulfur according to claim 2, wherein the alkylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanol has the average formula CrH2r+1(C6H4)O(CH2CH2O)sCH2CH2OH, wherein r is from 4 to 8 and s is from 7 to 40. 4. Modified sulfur according to claim 3, wherein, in the average formula, r is 8 and s is 9. 5. Modified sulfur according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is iso-octylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanol. 6. Modified sulfur according to claim 1, wherein the chemical structure of the surfactant is wherein x is 9 to 10. 7. Modified sulfur according to claim 1, wherein the mixture of oligomeric hydrocarbons is bitumen. 8. Modified sulfur according to claim 1, wherein the mixture of oligomeric hydrocarbons is bitumen, and the modified sulfur comprises 95-97.5% by weight of sulfur, and 2.5-5% by weight of the total of bitumen and surfactant components, based on the total weight of the modified sulfur. 9. Modified sulfur according to claim 1, which is obtainable by a process that comprises mixing elemental sulfur, a mixture of oligomeric hydrocarbons and a non-ionic surfactant to produce a mix, and wherein the process comprises subjecting the mix to a temperature of 120-150° C. for 30 minutes to 3 hours. 10. Modified sulfur according to claim 9, wherein the mix cools at a rate of about 1° C. per minute after being subjected to the temperature of 120-150° C. for 30minutes to 3 hours. 11. Modified sulfur cement, which comprises modified sulfur as defined in claim 1 and elemental sulfur. 12. Modified sulfur concrete, which comprises modified sulfur as defined in claim 1, elemental sulfur and an aggregate. 13. Modified sulfur concrete according to claim 12, wherein the aggregate comprises fly ash and/or sand. 14. Modified sulfur concrete, which comprises 20-40% by weight of sand, 25-45% by weight of fly ash, 25-45% by weight of elemental sulfur and 0.25-2% by weight of modified sulfur wherein the modified sulfur comprises sulfur, a mixture of oligomeric hydrocarbons and a non-ionic surfactant. 15. Modified sulfur concrete according to claim 12, which is obtainable by a process of mixing an aggregate with the elemental sulfur and modified sulfur to produce a mixture. 16. Modified sulfur concrete comprising modified sulfur, elemental sulfur and an aggregate, wherein the modified sulfur comprises sulfur, a mixture of oligomeric hydrocarbons and a non-ionic surfactant; and the modified sulfur concrete is obtainable by a process of mixing an aggregate with the elemental sulfur and modified sulfur to produce a mixture, which process comprises mixing 20-50% by weight of the elemental sulfur, 50-80% by weight of the aggregate and 0.1-0.5% by weight of the modified sulfur, based on the total weight of the concrete. 17. Modified sulfur concrete according to claim 15, wherein the process comprises subjecting the mixture to a temperature of 130-150° C. for 30 minutes to 2hours. 18. Modified sulfur concrete according to claim 15, wherein the process comprises mixing together (i) the aggregate which has been pre-heated to a temperature of 170-180° C., and (ii) a mixture of the elemental sulfur and modified sulfur, which mixture has been pre-heated to a temperature of 130-150° C., and then subjecting the mixture of (i) and (ii) to a temperature of 130-150° C. for 20-40 minutes, casting the resulting mixture into molds and allowing it to cool.