Apparatus for absorbing shock, particularly repetitive shocks, comprises a frame and a shock-absorbing component comprising a shape memory alloy (SMA). In one type of apparatus, one or more SMA rings (65) are mounted on brackets (64) on a frame (62, 63) so that shock received by the frame from one d
Apparatus for absorbing shock, particularly repetitive shocks, comprises a frame and a shock-absorbing component comprising a shape memory alloy (SMA). In one type of apparatus, one or more SMA rings (65) are mounted on brackets (64) on a frame (62, 63) so that shock received by the frame from one direction changes the shape of the rings into ellipses with major chords in a first direction, and shock received by the frame from the opposite direction changes the shape of the rings into ellipses with major chords in a second direction which is at right angles to the first direction. In other types of apparatus, SMA shock-absorbing components (16, 27, 37, 46, 89) are mounted in a frame (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17; 21, 22, 24, 25, 26; 31, 32, 34, 35; 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47) so that the way in which the shock-absorbing component is deformed is independent of the direction of the shock received by the frame. The shock-absorbing components preferably include a superelastic SMA, optionally in combination with a martensitic SMA. The apparatus is useful for a wide variety of purposes, including the protection from shock of medical devices, electronic assemblies, vehicles, bridges and buildings.
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1. Apparatus for absorbing shock, the apparatus being at a temperature in the range of 0° C. to 30° C. and comprising (1) a frame which is shortened axially when the apparatus is subjected to shock from a first direction and is lengthened axially when the apparatus is subjected to shock from a secon
1. Apparatus for absorbing shock, the apparatus being at a temperature in the range of 0° C. to 30° C. and comprising (1) a frame which is shortened axially when the apparatus is subjected to shock from a first direction and is lengthened axially when the apparatus is subjected to shock from a second direction which is opposite to the first direction,(2) at least one shock-absorbing component which (i) comprises an alloy which is a superelastic shape memory alloy (SEA) at the temperature of the apparatus, and(ii) is linked to the frame so that the shock-absorbing component is compressed both when the frame is lengthened axially and when the frame is shortened axially; the apparatus being free from hydraulic and pneumatic fluids which can absorb shock. 2. Apparatus according claim 1 wherein said shock-absorbing component is surrounded by the frame. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said shock-absorbing component is surrounded by the frame and comprises a helical coil spring which is composed of an alloy which is a superelastic shape memory alloy (SEA) at the temperature of the device. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said shock-absorbing component is surrounded by the frame and comprises a pile of Belleville washers, at least one of Belleville washers being composed of an alloy which is a superelastic shape memory alloy (SEA) at the temperature of the device. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said shock-absorbing component is surrounded by the frame and comprises a pile of Belleville washers, the pile comprising alternating Belleville washers composed of an alloy which is a superelastic shape memory alloy (SEA) at the temperature of the device and Belleville washers composed of an alloy which is a martensitic shape memory alloy at the temperature of the device. 6. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said shock-absorbing component surrounds the frame. 7. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said shock-absorbing component comprising a component selected from the group consisting of hollow columns and solid columns. 8. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said shock-absorbing component comprises a bellows. 9. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said shock-absorbing component comprises a stack or coil of waveform washers. 10. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said shock-absorbing component comprises a sponge material. 11. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said shock-absorbing component comprises a first element composed of an alloy which is a superelastic shape memory alloy (SEA) at the temperature of the device and a second element composed of an alloy which is a martensitic shape memory alloy at the temperature of the device, the first and second elements being linked together so that, after a shock has caused distortion of both said elements and the shock has been subsequently removed, recovery of the first element restores the second element to or towards its original shape. 12. Apparatus according to claim 11 wherein said shock-absorbing component comprises layers composed of the alloy which is a superelastic shape memory alloy (SEA) at the temperature of the device and adjacent layers composed of the alloy which is a martensitic shape memory alloy at the temperature of the device. 13. Apparatus according claim 1 which is constructed entirely of metal. 14. Apparatus according to claim 1 which comprises a shock-absorbing component comprising a non-SMA metal. 15. Apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the non-SMA metal is lead or mild steel. 16. Apparatus for absorbing repetitive shocks, the apparatus being at a temperature in the range of 0° C. to 30° C. and comprising (1) a frame which is shortened axially when the apparatus is subjected to shock from a first direction and is lengthened axially when the apparatus is subjected to shock from a second direction which is opposite to the first direction, and(2) at least one shock-absorbing component which (i) comprises an alloy which is a superelastic shape memory alloy (SEA) at the temperature of the apparatus,(ii) is linked to the frame so that the shock-absorbing component is compressed both when the frame is lengthened axially and when the frame is shortened axially,(iii) is the sole shock-absorbing component of the apparatus, and(iv)) is selected from the group consisting of a helical coil springs and Belleville washers. 17. Apparatus according claim 16 wherein said shock-absorbing component is surrounded by the frame. 18. Apparatus according to claim 16 wherein the shock-absorbing component surrounds the frame.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (11)
Van Zeggeren Wilhelm A. (Bleiswijk NLX), Actuator with memory metal and a shock absorber provided with this actuator.
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