An inflator, especially for a protective device in a vehicle, includes a diffuser (10) which preferably forms a substantially rotation-symmetric external housing of the inflator with a closing member (12). The diffuser (10) includes more than 12, preferably more than 14, further preferably 23 discha
An inflator, especially for a protective device in a vehicle, includes a diffuser (10) which preferably forms a substantially rotation-symmetric external housing of the inflator with a closing member (12). The diffuser (10) includes more than 12, preferably more than 14, further preferably 23 discharge orifices (78) arranged in a row. Moreover, the inflator exhibits a plurality of further peculiarities.
대표청구항▼
1. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharg
1. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row, the discharge orifices (78) having different first, second, and third flow cross-sections and that in the row of the discharge orifices (78) at least partially a recurring sequence of the first flow cross-section→second flow cross-section→first flow cross-section→third flow cross-section is provided, wherein the first flow cross-section is small, the second flow cross-section is medium and the third flow cross-section is large. 2. The inflator according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of an outer circumference of the diffuser (10) in mm to a number n of the discharge orifices (78) in the row is less than 16.5, and wherein the diffuser (10) includes a ring-shaped fixation flange that surrounds the central axis A. 3. The inflator according to claim 1, wherein diametrically opposed discharge orifices (78) have equal flow cross-sections, and wherein directly neighboring discharge orifices (78) have different flow cross-sections. 4. The inflator according to claim 1, wherein the row includes a number n of discharge orifices (78) and extends in a circumferential direction about the central axis A, the row having a beginning with a first discharge orifice (78a) and an end with a last discharge orifice (78b) and an angular distance (ad) between neighboring discharge orifices (78) being determined by the equation: ad=360°/(n+1). 5. The inflator according to claim 1, further comprising a combustion chamber sleeve (60) which at least partially encloses a combustion chamber (56) filled with fuel, wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) changes shape under the influence of pressure formed during combustion of the fuel so as to release a discharge orifice (112) leading out of the combustion chamber (56) into a further combustion chamber (44) of the inflator for a combustion gas formed during combustion of the fuel. 6. The inflator according to claim 1, further comprising an igniter sleeve (38) at least partially enclosing an igniter (34) and an igniter chamber (42) filled with a booster charge, wherein the igniter sleeve (38) is adjacent to a first combustion chamber (44) associated with a first activating stage of the inflator, a combustion chamber sleeve (60) at least partially enclosing a second combustion chamber (56) filled with fuel and associated with a second activating stage of the inflator, wherein each sleeve (38, 60) is spaced a different distance from the central axis A of the inflator, and wherein a distance between a central axis B of the igniter sleeve (38) and a central axis C of the combustion chamber sleeve (60) is between 22.5 and 27.5 mm, and wherein a ratio of a minimum inner diameter c of the combustion chamber sleeve to a minimum inner diameter d of the igniter sleeve is between 1.64 and 2.63, and wherein a filter (46) at least partly encircles the first combustion chamber (44), a ratio of an inner diameter f of the filter (46) to a minimum inner diameter d of the igniter sleeve (38) ranging between 3.19 and 4.76. 7. The inflator according to claim 1, further comprising an igniter sleeve (38) at least partially enclosing an igniter (34) and an igniter chamber (42) filled with a booster charge, wherein the igniter sleeve (38) is adjacent to a first combustion chamber (44) associated with a first activating stage of the inflator, a combustion chamber sleeve (60) at least partially enclosing a second combustion chamber (56) filled with fuel and associated with a second activating stage of the inflator, wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) is adjacent to the first combustion chamber (44), wherein a filter (46) at least partly encircles the first combustion chamber (44), a ratio of an inner diameter f of the filter (46) to a minimum inner diameter c of the combustion chamber sleeve (60) ranging between 1.66 and 2.11, and wherein a ratio of an outer diameter a of the inflator to a minimum inner diameter d of the igniter sleeve (38) is between 4.09 and 5.98 and wherein a ratio of an outer diameter a of the inflator to a minimum inner diameter c of the combustion chamber sleeve (60) is between 2.13 and 2.66. 8. The inflator according to claim 1, comprising a filter (46) and a combustion chamber sleeve (60) at least partially enclosing a combustion chamber (56), wherein the filter (46) extends in a ring-shaped manner about the combustion chamber (56) and includes a critical filter portion (120) which is closer to the combustion chamber sleeve (60) than the remaining filter (46) and has a reduced thickness compared to areas of the filter (46) adjacent to the critical filter portion (120). 9. The inflator according to claim 1, further comprising a circumferential wall (16, 22) which surrounds a combustion chamber (44) and a filter (46) which extends at least partially along the wall (16, 22), wherein the wall (16, 22) has at least one supporting portion (124) which constitutes an axial support for the filter (46) and is integrally formed with the wall (16, 22), and wherein either plural supporting portions (124) are formed by embossed beads spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction about the central axis A or a single supporting portion (124) is formed by a completely circumferential embossed bead. 10. The inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and according to claim 1, further comprising a first combustion chamber (44) filled with fuel which is associated with a first activating stage of the inflator, the first combustion chamber (44) being closed on one side by the diffuser (10), wherein a silicone first fill member (52; 82) is disposed between the fuel and the diffuser (10), wherein the first fill member (52; 82) has a pair of differently sized circular recess (116, 118) for receiving an igniter sleeve (38) associated with the first activating stage of the inflator and a combustion chamber sleeve (60) associated with a second activating stage of the inflator, wherein the igniter sleeve (38) projects into a smaller of the recesses (116, 118) and the combustion chamber sleeve (60) projects into a larger of the recesses (116, 118), wherein a ratio of a diameter of the larger recess (118) to a diameter of the smaller recess (116) is between 1.52 and 2.25, and wherein the first fill member (82) is formed in at least two partial members (114) having the shape of a double half moon. 11. The inflator according to claim 1, wherein at least in portions a wall thickness of the closing member (12) is greater than a wall thickness of the diffuser (10), wherein the closing member (12) includes a substantially planar bottom (20) having a greater wall thickness than the diffuser (10) and in which at least one opening (24) for receiving an igniter carrier (30, 32) is formed. 12. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of 40 to 60 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 1. 13. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of 60 to 135 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 1. 14. The inflator according to claim 1, further comprising an igniter unit (26, 28) having a marker (90), wherein the marker (90) is a milled slot that sets a predetermined orientation of connecting pins of the igniter unit (26, 28). 15. The inflator according to claim 14, wherein the igniter unit (26, 28) is a pre-assembled unit having an igniter carrier (30, 32) and an igniter (34, 36) held therein adapted to be inserted in a bottom orifice (24) of the closing member (12) of the inflator. 16. The inflator according to claim 1, further comprising a fuel canister (58) filled with fuel including a fuel canister bottom (66) and a fuel canister opening (64) opposed to the fuel canister bottom (66) which is closed by a combustion chamber component (60). 17. The inflator according to claim 16, wherein the combustion chamber component is a combustion chamber sleeve (60) which encloses at least partially a combustion chamber (56) associated with a particular activating stage of the inflator, wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) includes a combustion chamber sleeve opening or an open side and a combustion chamber sleeve bottom (72) opposed thereto which covers the fuel canister opening (64), wherein a second fill member (76) connected to the combustion chamber sleeve bottom (72) is arranged at the combustion chamber sleeve bottom (72); and wherein at least part of a side wall (62) of the fuel canister (58) extending between the fuel canister opening (64) and the fuel canister bottom (66) is directly opposed to at least part of a side wall (102) of the combustion chamber sleeve (60) extending between the combustion chamber sleeve opening or the open side of the combustion chamber sleeve (60) and the combustion chamber sleeve bottom (72). 18. The inflator according to claim 16, wherein the fuel canister (58) and the combustion chamber sleeve (60) are two open substantially cylindrical, the combustion chamber sleeve (60) being positioned over the outside of the fuel canister (58) such that the combustion chamber sleeve (60) covers an entire axial height of the fuel canister (58). 19. The inflator according to claim 16, wherein a central fuel canister bottom opening (68) is formed in the fuel canister bottom (66) for receiving a support component comprising an igniter carrier (32); wherein the fuel canister bottom opening (68) is formed by a bent, inner edge portion (70) extending from the fuel canister bottom (66) into the interior of the fuel canister (58). 20. The inflator according to claim 1, further comprising an igniter sleeve (38) at least partially enclosing an igniter (34) and an igniter chamber (42) filled with a booster charge, wherein the igniter sleeve (38) is adjacent to a first combustion chamber (44) filled with fuel and includes overflow orifices (98) unevenly distributed in a circumferential direction about a central axis B of the igniter sleeve (38). 21. The inflator according to claim 20, wherein the igniter sleeve (38) includes a marker (92) spaced from the central axis B for indicating the predetermined orientation of the igniter sleeve (38), and wherein the marker (92) comprises a nose or a recess for aligning with a marker (90) on the inflator such that mounting of the igniter sleeve (38) in the inflator is possible in only one predetermined orientation, wherein the igniter sleeve (38) is offset with respect to the central axis A and a bottom (40) of the igniter sleeve (38) is opposed to a ceiling portion (14) of the diffuser (10), wherein the igniter sleeve bottom (40) has a slant following a curvature of the ceiling portion (14) of the diffuser (10) such that the igniter sleeve (38) fits below the ceiling portion (14) of the diffuser (10) at only the predetermined orientation, and wherein the igniter sleeve (38) is radially tapered along the central axis B toward the bottom (40) of the igniter sleeve (38). 22. The inflator according to claim 20, wherein the overflow orifices (98) are circumferentially spaced from one another by a maximum angular range α that extends to both sides of a connecting line x between the central axis B of the igniter sleeve (38) and a portion of a filter (46) encircling the igniter sleeve (38) furthest from the central axis B, wherein the angular range α ranges between 90° and 135°. 23. The inflator according to claim 22, wherein the angular range α includes areas in which a distance from the filter (46) not blocked by components of the inflator is greatest and wherein the angular range α encloses a combustion chamber component arranged in the first combustion chamber, the component comprising a combustion chamber sleeve (60) which surrounds a second combustion chamber (56) which in turn is at least partially surrounded by the first combustion chamber (44). 24. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row, wherein the discharge orifices (78) have different first, second, and third flow cross-sections and that in the row of the discharge orifices (78) at least partially a recurring sequence of the first flow cross-section→second flow cross-section→first flow cross-section→third flow cross-section is provided, wherein the first flow cross-section is small, the second flow cross-section is medium and the third flow cross-section is large; and wherein a ratio of an outer circumference of the diffuser (10) in mm to a number of discharge orifices (78) having the first flow cross-section is less than 19.7, and wherein a ratio of the outer circumference of the diffuser (10) in mm to a number of discharge orifices (78) having the medium flow cross-section and to a number of discharge orifices (78) having the large flow cross-section is less than 39.4. 25. The inflator according to claim 24, further comprising a combustion chamber sleeve (60) which at least partially encloses a combustion chamber (56) filled with fuel, wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) changes shape under the influence of pressure formed during combustion of the fuel so as to release a discharge orifice (112) leading out of the combustion chamber (56) into a further combustion chamber (44) of the inflator for a combustion gas formed during combustion of the fuel. 26. The inflator according to claim 24, further comprising a filter (46) and a combustion chamber sleeve (60) at least partially enclosing a combustion chamber (56), wherein the filter (46) extends in a ring-shaped manner about the combustion chamber (56) and includes a critical filter portion (120) which is closer to the combustion chamber component (60) than the remaining filter (46) and has a reduced thickness compared to areas of the filter (46) adjacent to the critical filter portion (120). 27. The inflator according to claim 24, further comprising a circumferential wall (16, 22) which surrounds a combustion chamber (44) and a filter (46) which extends at least partially along the wall (16, 22), wherein the wall (16, 22) has at least one supporting portion (124) which constitutes an axial support for the filter (46) and is integrally formed with the wall (16, 22), and wherein either plural supporting portions (124) are formed by embossed beads spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction about the central axis A or a single supporting portion (124) is formed by a completely circumferential embossed bead. 28. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of one of the group of 40 to 60 liters and 60 to 135 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 24. 29. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row extending in circumferential direction about the central axis A and having a beginning with a first discharge orifice (78a) and an end with a last discharge orifice (78b), a circumferential distance between the first discharge orifice (78a) and the last discharge orifice (78b) being greater than a distance between neighboring discharge orifices (78) in the row; wherein a tamping strip (84) is arranged between the beginning and the end of the row. 30. The inflator according to claim 29, further comprising a combustion chamber sleeve (60) which at least partially encloses a combustion chamber (56) filled with fuel, wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) changes shape under the influence of pressure formed during combustion of the fuel so as to release a discharge orifice (112) leading out of the combustion chamber (56) into a further combustion chamber (44) of the inflator for a combustion gas formed during combustion of the fuel. 31. The inflator according to claim 29, further comprising a filter (46) and a combustion chamber sleeve (60) at least partially enclosing a combustion chamber (56), wherein the filter (46) extends in a ring-shaped manner about the combustion chamber (56) and includes a critical filter portion (120) which is closer to the combustion chamber sleeve (60) than the remaining filter (46) and has a reduced thickness compared to areas of the filter (46) adjacent to the critical filter portion (120). 32. The inflator according to claim 29, further comprising a circumferential wall (16, 22) which surrounds a combustion chamber (44) and a filter (46) which extends at least partially along the wall (16, 22), wherein the wall (16, 22) has at least one supporting portion (124) which constitutes an axial support for the filter (46) and is integrally formed with the wall (16, 22), and wherein either plural supporting portions (124) are formed by embossed beads spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction about the central axis A or a single supporting portion (124) is formed by a completely circumferential embossed bead. 33. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of one of the group of 40 to 60 liters and 60 to 135 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 29. 34. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row; anda fuel canister (58) filled with fuel including a fuel canister bottom (66) and a fuel canister opening (64) opposed to the fuel canister bottom (66) which is closed by a combustion chamber sleeve (60),wherein plural holes (106) are formed in the fuel canister bottom (66), and wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) is free of holes apart from the combustion chamber sleeve orifice or the open side, and wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) is slipped onto an igniter carrier (32). 35. The inflator claim 34, wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) at least partially encloses a combustion chamber (56) filled with fuel, wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) changes shape under the influence of pressure formed during combustion of the fuel so as to release a discharge orifice (112) leading out of the combustion chamber (56) into a further combustion chamber (44) of the inflator for a combustion gas formed during combustion of the fuel. 36. The inflator according to claim 34, further comprising a filter (46) that cooperates with the combustion chamber sleeve (60) to at least partially enclose a combustion chamber (56), wherein the filter (46) extends in a ring-shaped manner about the combustion chamber (56) and includes a critical filter portion (120) which is closer to the combustion chamber sleeve (60) than the remaining filter (46) and has a reduced thickness compared to areas of the filter (46) adjacent to the critical filter portion (120). 37. The inflator according to claim 34, further comprising a circumferential wall (16, 22) which surrounds a combustion chamber (44) and a filter (46) which extends at least partially along the wall (16, 22), wherein the wall (16, 22) has at least one supporting portion (124) which constitutes an axial support for the filter (46) and is integrally formed with the wall (16, 22), and wherein either plural supporting portions (124) are formed by embossed beads spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction about the central axis A or a single supporting portion (124) is formed by a completely circumferential embossed bead. 38. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of one of the group of 40 to 60 liters and 60 to 135 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 34. 39. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row; anda combustion chamber sleeve (60) at least partially enclosing a combustion chamber (56) filled with fuel, wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) changes at least one of its position and shape under the influence of pressure formed during combustion of the fuel so as to release a discharge orifice (112) leading out of the combustion chamber (56), into a further combustion chamber (44) of the inflator, for a combustion gas formed during combustion of the fuel (31); wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) is attached to a support component of the inflator comprising an igniter carrier (32), the combustion chamber sleeve (60) detaching at least partially from the igniter carrier (32) to form the discharge orifice (112) between the combustion chamber sleeve (60) and the igniter carrier (32); and wherein the discharge orifice (112) is formed to not entirely encircle a central axis C of the combustion chamber sleeve (60) or at least not to have a constant radial width, wherein the discharge orifice (112) has a greatest radial width in an area facing away from a filter (46) disposed outside the combustion chamber (56) and having a greatest possible distance from the filter (46). 40. The inflator according to claim 39, further comprising a circumferential wall (16, 22) which surrounds a combustion chamber (44) and a filter (46) which extends at least partially along the wall (16, 22), wherein the wall (16, 22) has at least one supporting portion (124) which constitutes an axial support for the filter (46) and is integrally formed with the wall (16, 22), and wherein either plural supporting portions (124) are formed by embossed beads spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction about the central axis A or a single supporting portion (124) is formed by a completely circumferential embossed bead. 41. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of one of the group of 40 to 60 liters and 60 to 135 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 39. 42. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row; anda combustion chamber sleeve (60) at least partially enclosing a combustion chamber (56) filled with fuel, wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) changes at least one of its position and shape under the influence of pressure formed during combustion of the fuel so as to release a discharge orifice (112) leading out of the combustion chamber (56), into a further combustion chamber (44) of the inflator, for a combustion gas formed during combustion of the fuel, wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) is slipped onto a fuel canister (58) filled with fuel and having a fuel canister bottom (66) including at least one hole (106) through which the combustion gas flows to the discharge orifice (112); wherein the at least one hole (106) is formed by the pressure developed during combustion of the fuel tearing the fuel canister bottom (66). 43. The inflator according to claim 42, wherein before the combustion of the fuel the combustion chamber sleeve (60) has no discharge orifice; and wherein due to the pressure the combustion chamber sleeve (60) moves toward a ceiling portion (14) of the diffuser (10), wherein the movement of the combustion chamber component (60) is restricted by the ceiling portion (14), the combustion chamber sleeve (60) being partly supported on the ceiling portion (14) of the diffuser (10) prior to activation of the inflator such that a tilting at least one of an uneven deformation of the combustion chamber sleeve (60) is caused by the pressure. 44. The inflator according to claim 42, further comprising a circumferential wall (16, 22) which surrounds a combustion chamber (44) and a filter (46) which extends at least partially along the wall (16, 22), wherein the wall (16, 22) has at least one supporting portion (124) which constitutes an axial support for the filter (46) and is integrally formed with the wall (16, 22), and wherein either plural supporting portions (124) are formed by embossed beads spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction about the central axis A or a single supporting portion (124) is formed by a completely circumferential embossed bead. 45. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of one of the group of 40 to 60 liters and 60 to 135 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 42. 46. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row; andan igniter sleeve (38) at least partially enclosing an igniter (34) and an igniter chamber (42) filled with a booster charge, wherein the igniter sleeve (38) is adjacent to a first combustion chamber (44) associated with a first activating stage of the inflator, a combustion chamber sleeve (60) at least partially enclosing a second combustion chamber (56) filled with fuel and associated with a second activating stage of the inflator, wherein an axial distance of an open side of the igniter sleeve (38) from a bottom (20) of the closing member (12) is greater than an axial distance of an open side of the combustion chamber sleeve (60) from the bottom (20) of the closing member (12); and wherein the igniter sleeve (38) and the combustion chamber sleeve (60) are attached to a respective first igniter carrier (30) and second igniter carrier (32), wherein an axial height of a contact area between the igniter sleeve (38) and the first igniter carrier (30) is greater than an axial height of a contact area between the combustion chamber sleeve (60) and the second igniter carrier (32); and wherein the igniter sleeve (38) is raised towards a ceiling portion (14) of the diffuser (10) by the pressure developed during combustion of the booster charge and the combustion chamber sleeve (60) is raised towards the ceiling portion (14) by the pressure developed during combustion of the fuel, wherein by raising the combustion chamber sleeve (60) a discharge orifice in the form of a discharge gap (112) is released which leads out of the combustion chamber sleeve (60), whereas no discharge orifice is released by raising the igniter sleeve (38). 47. The inflator according to claim 46, further comprising a circumferential wall (16, 22) which surrounds a combustion chamber (44) and a filter (46) which extends at least partially along the wall (16, 22), wherein the wall (16, 22) has at least one supporting portion (124) which constitutes an axial support for the filter (46) and is integrally formed with the wall (16, 22), and wherein either plural supporting portions (124) are formed by embossed beads spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction about the central axis A or a single supporting portion (124) is formed by a completely circumferential embossed bead. 48. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of one of the group of 40 to 60 liters and 60 to 135 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 46. 49. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row; anda filter (46) and a combustion chamber sleeve (60) at least partially enclosing a combustion chamber (56), wherein the filter (46) extends in a ring-shaped manner about the combustion chamber (56) and includes a critical filter portion (120) which is closer to the combustion chamber component (60) than the remaining filter (46) and has a reduced thickness compared to areas of the filter (46) adjacent to the critical filter portion (20),wherein a gap (122) is formed between the combustion chamber component (60) and the critical filter portion (120), and wherein the material of the filter (46) is compressed more highly in the critical filter portion (120) than in the adjacent areas; and wherein the combustion chamber component (60) has an increased material thickness at least in the area opposed to the critical filter portion (120); and wherein the filter (46) extends along a circumferential wall (16, 22) of the inflator surrounding a combustion chamber (44) of the inflator in which the combustion chamber component (60) is disposed; and wherein the combustion chamber component (60) extends over a greater axial height than the filter (46), the combustion chamber component (60) having an increased material thickness only in the axial area in which also the filter (46) extends. 50. The inflator according to claim 49, wherein the wall (16, 22) has at least one supporting portion (124) which constitutes an axial support for the filter (46) and is integrally formed with the wall (16, 22), and wherein either plural supporting portions (124) are formed by embossed beads spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction about the central axis A or a single supporting portion (124) is formed by a completely circumferential embossed bead. 51. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of one of the group of 40 to 60 liters and 60 to 135 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 49. 52. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row; anda filter (46) and a combustion chamber sleeve (60) at least partially enclosing a combustion chamber (56), wherein the filter (46) extends in a ring-shaped manner about the combustion chamber (56) and includes a critical filter portion (120) which is closer to the combustion chamber component (60) than the remaining filter (46) and has a reduced thickness compared to areas of the filter (46) adjacent to the critical filter portion (20),wherein a ratio of a minimum thickness of the critical filter portion (120) to a thickness of the adjacent areas of the filter (46) is between 0.43 and 0.93, and wherein a ratio of a minimum thickness j of the critical filter portion (120) to a maximum width (h) of the gap (122) is between 1.17 and 2.85, and wherein the inflator is closed at a first axial end face by the diffuser (10), wherein the filter (46) extends in an axial direction away from the axial end face of the inflator a distance greater than a circumferential wall (16) of the diffuser (10). 53. The inflator according to claim 52, further comprising a circumferential wall (16, 22) which surrounds a combustion chamber (44), the filter (46) extending at least partially along the wall (16, 22), wherein the wall (16, 22) has at least one supporting portion (124) which constitutes an axial support for the filter (46) and is integrally formed with the wall (16, 22), and wherein either plural supporting portions (124) are formed by embossed beads spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction about the central axis A or a single supporting portion (124) is formed by a completely circumferential embossed bead. 54. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of one of the group of 40 to 60 liters and 60 to 135 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 52. 55. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row; anda combustion chamber sleeve (60) at least partially enclosing a combustion chamber (56), wherein the combustion chamber sleeve (60) contacts a ceiling portion (14) of the diffuser (10) in a non-activated state of the inflator at least at one point (110), and wherein an axial distance g parallel to the central axis A between the combustion chamber sleeve (60) and the ceiling portion (14) varies such that a maximum distance g between the combustion chamber sleeve (60) and the ceiling portion (14) of the diffuser (10) is between 2.3 and 3.7 mm. 56. The inflator according to claim 55, further comprising a circumferential wall (16, 22) which surrounds a combustion chamber (44) and a filter (46) which extends at least partially along the wall (16, 22), wherein the wall (16, 22) has at least one supporting portion (124) which constitutes an axial support for the filter (46) and is integrally formed with the wall (16, 22), and wherein either plural supporting portions (124) are formed by embossed beads spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction about the central axis A or a single supporting portion (124) is formed by a completely circumferential embossed bead. 57. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of one of the group of 40 to 60 liters and 60 to 135 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 55. 58. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row; anda first combustion chamber (44) associated with a first activating stage of the inflator and a second combustion chamber (56) associated with a second activating stage of the inflator, wherein the second combustion chamber (56) is surrounded at least partially by the first combustion chamber (44) and has a volume that is smaller than a volume of the first combustion chamber (44), wherein a ratio of the volume of the first combustion chamber (44) to the volume of the second combustion chamber (56) is between 2.07 and 3.78, and wherein a ratio of the volume of the first combustion chamber (44) to a volume of an igniter sleeve (38) at least partially surrounded by the first combustion chamber (44) is between 9.00 and 35.0, and wherein a ratio of an outer diameter a of the inflator to a height h1 of the external housing is between 1.38 and 1.78 and wherein the height h1 of the external housing of the inflator is between 30 and 50 mm. 59. The inflator according to claim 58, further comprising a circumferential wall (16, 22) which surrounds a combustion chamber (44) and a filter (46) which extends at least partially along the wall (16, 22), wherein the wall (16, 22) has at least one supporting portion (124) which constitutes an axial support for the filter (46) and is integrally formed with the wall (16, 22), and wherein either plural supporting portions (124) are formed by embossed beads spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction about the central axis A or a single supporting portion (124) is formed by a completely circumferential embossed bead. 60. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of one of the group of 40 to 60 liters and 60 to 135 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 58. 61. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row; anda first combustion chamber (44) associated with a first activating stage of the inflator and a second combustion chamber (56) associated with a second activating stage of the inflator, wherein the second combustion chamber (56) is surrounded at least partially by the first combustion chamber (44) and has a volume that is smaller than a volume of the first combustion chamber (44), wherein a ratio of the volume of the first combustion chamber (44) to the volume of the second combustion chamber (56) is between 2.34 and 3.27, and wherein a ratio of the volume of the first combustion chamber (44) to a volume of an igniter sleeve (38) at least partially surrounded by the first combustion chamber (44) ranges between 13.5 and 31.0, and wherein a ratio of an outer diameter a of the external housing of the inflator to a height h1 of the external housing ranges between 0.94 and 1.16 and wherein the height h1 of the external housing of the inflator ranges between 50 and 70 mm. 62. The inflator according to claim 61, further comprising a circumferential wall (16, 22) which surrounds a combustion chamber (44) and a filter (46) which extends at least partially along the wall (16, 22), wherein the wall (16, 22) has at least one supporting portion (124) which constitutes an axial support for the filter (46) and is integrally formed with the wall (16, 22), and wherein either plural supporting portions (124) are formed by embossed beads spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction about the central axis A or a single supporting portion (124) is formed by a completely circumferential embossed bead. 63. An airbag module for a vehicle comprising an airbag having a volume of one of the group of 40 to 60 liters and 60 to 135 liters, comprising an inflator according to claim 61. 64. An inflator for a protective device in a vehicle and having a central axis A, comprising a diffuser (10) cooperating with a closing member (12) to form an external housing of the inflator that is symmetric about the central axis A, wherein the diffuser (10) includes more than 12 circular discharge orifices (78) arranged in a single row, the discharge openings (78) having different first, second, and third flow cross-sections, wherein the first flow cross-section is small, the second flow cross-section is medium and the third flow cross-section is large, and wherein a ratio of the outer circumference of the diffuser (10) in mm to a number of discharge orifices (78) having the small flow cross-section is less than 19.7, and wherein a ratio of the outer circumference of the diffuser (10) in mm to a number of discharge orifices (78) having the medium flow cross-section and to a number of discharge orifices (78) having the large flow cross-section is less than 39.4.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (23)
Lebaudy Franck,FRX ; Perotto Christian,FRX, Adaptive pyrotechnic gas generator with tubular chambers, for airbags.
Doin Bernard J. (Saint Medard en Jalles FR) Plantif Bernard E. (Saint Medard en Jalles FR) Pasquier Michel C. (Merignac FR) Tillac Jean-Francois (Bordeaux Cauderan FR), Pyrotechnic gas generator having a movable combustion chamber.
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