초록 ▼

The present document describes a system and a process for the thermochemical treatment a matter containing organic compounds such as biomass, for the production of useful energetic products such as biochar, bio-oil and gases from non-condensed vapors. The system comprises a reactor comprising a feed

The present document describes a system and a process for the thermochemical treatment a matter containing organic compounds such as biomass, for the production of useful energetic products such as biochar, bio-oil and gases from non-condensed vapors. The system comprises a reactor comprising a feedstock reservoir having entry and exit, a thermochemical reaction chamber having an entrance disposed under and coupled to the reservoir exit, an exit, and a first heating means for thermal treatment of the matter to produce a solid and a vapor. The system also comprises a feeder having at least one substantially vertical auger operatively coupled to the feedstock reservoir and the thermochemical reaction chamber exit to drive the matter downwardly from the feedstock reservoir exit through the thermochemical reaction chamber. A chamber for separation of the solid from the vapor which maintains the vapor in a gaseous state has an entrance coupled to the thermochemical reaction chamber exit, and an exit for exit of said vapor. The system also comprises a controller, operatively coupled to the first heating means for controlling temperature of the thermochemical reaction chamber, and a pump operatively coupled to the separation chamber exit for maintaining a light vacuum within the reactor and for helping exit of the vapor.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A system for thermochemical treatment of matter containing organic compounds, comprising: a reactor comprising: a feedstock reservoir having a reservoir entry, and a reservoir exit, for said matter,a thermochemical reaction chamber, having a thermochemical reaction chamber entrance disposed under

1. A system for thermochemical treatment of matter containing organic compounds, comprising: a reactor comprising: a feedstock reservoir having a reservoir entry, and a reservoir exit, for said matter,a thermochemical reaction chamber, having a thermochemical reaction chamber entrance disposed under and coupled to said reservoir exit,a first heating means for thermal treatment of said matter to produce a solid and a vapor, anda thermochemical reaction chamber exit,a feeder having at least one substantially vertical auger operatively coupled to said feedstock reservoir and said thermochemical reaction chamber exit to drive said matter downwardly from said feedstock reservoir exit through said thermochemical reaction chamber,a chamber for separation of said solid from said vapor while substantially maintaining said vapor in a gaseous state, havinga separation chamber entrance coupled to said thermochemical reaction chamber exit,anda separation chamber exit for exit of said vapor;a controller, operatively coupled to said first heating means for controlling temperature of said thermochemical reaction chamber, anda pump operatively coupled to the separation chamber exit for maintaining a light vacuum within said reactor and for helping exit of said vapor. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein said first heating means is at least one electrical block. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein said separation chamber comprises a second heating means for heating said separation chamber to maintain said vapor in a gaseous state, said controller being operatively coupled to said separation chamber for controlling temperature thereof, and wherein said separation chamber separates said solid from said vapor by gravity. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein said thermochemical reaction chamber further comprises a first temperature sensor for measuring temperature in said thermochemical reaction chamber, and said separation chamber further comprises a second temperature sensor for measuring temperature in said separation chamber, said controller being electrically coupled to said first and second temperature sensors. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein said separation chamber comprises a cyclonic separator receiving said solid and said vapor at said separation chamber entrance and coupled to a reservoir for collecting said separated solid. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein said thermochemical reaction chamber further comprises a first temperature sensor for measuring temperature in said thermochemical reaction chamber, said controller being electrically coupled to said first temperature sensor. 7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a vapor processing unit coupled to said separation chamber exit. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein said vapor processing unit comprises at least one condenser, at least one vapor collector and at least one condensed vapor fraction collector. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein said vapor processing unit is coupled to said separation chamber exit with a heated conduit operatively coupled to a third heating means, to prevent condensation of said vapor. 10. A process for the thermochemical treatment of a matter containing organic compounds comprising step a): a) performing a thermal treatment of said matter in a system according to claim 1, at a residence time of said matter in said thermochemical reaction chamber of about 0.5 seconds to about 10 seconds, and a feed rate of said matter in said thermochemical reaction chamber of about 0.5 kg/h to about 1.5 kg/h to obtain said solid separated from said vapor. 11. The process of claim 10, wherein said matter contains less than about 10% humidity. 12. The process of claim 10, wherein said matter has a granulometry of from about 1 mm to about 3 mm. 13. The process of claim 10, wherein said thermal treatment is a torrefaction treatment, a pyrolysis treatment, or a gasification treatment. 14. The process of claim 13, wherein said torrefaction treatment is performed at about 200° C. to about 320° C. 15. The process of claim 13, wherein said pyrolysis is performed at about 400° C. to about 600° C. 16. The process of claim 13, wherein said gasification treatment is performed at about 700° C. to about 1200° C. 17. The process of claim 10, further comprising step b): b) condensing said separated vapor to produce a condensed vapor fraction. 18. The process of claim 17, further comprising step c), after step b): c) collecting said solid, said condensed vapor fraction and/or a non-condensed fraction of said separated vapor. 19. The process of claim 10, further comprising step a′), before step a): a′) purging said system by injection of an inert gas. 20. The process of claim 10, wherein said pump is operated to maintain within said reactor a pressure between about 666 hPa and 800 hPa. 21. The process of claim 10, wherein the temperature in said separation chamber is controlled at an operating temperature from about 200° C. to about 250° C.