Cryogenically generated compressed gas core projectiles and related methods thereof
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F42B-012/34
F42B-030/02
F42B-033/00
출원번호
US-0821909
(2015-08-10)
등록번호
US-9551554
(2017-01-24)
발명자
/ 주소
Pienkos, Jules
Gilliatt, Bart
출원인 / 주소
The United States of America as Represented by the Secretary of the Navy
대리인 / 주소
Monsey, Christopher A.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
8
초록▼
Exemplary projectiles and methods associated therewith including embodiments formed with an internal cavity adapted to receive and retain a cryogenic material into said cavity and then generate a first internal gas upon thermal equalization with said projectile as well as a first internal gas pressu
Exemplary projectiles and methods associated therewith including embodiments formed with an internal cavity adapted to receive and retain a cryogenic material into said cavity and then generate a first internal gas upon thermal equalization with said projectile as well as a first internal gas pressure within said cavity. Exemplary embodiments include a structure adapted for maintaining structural integrity after generation of the first internal gas pressure and a second internal gas pressure that is created upon the firing of the projectile. In some embodiments, the second internal gas pressure is more than twice the first internal gas pressure. Some embodiments are adapted with a portion of the projectile formed for displacing away or laterally from an axis formed through a longitudinal center of the projectile upon an impact from striking an object after firing based in part on internal gas pressure and an impact at cavity wall section rupture zones.
대표청구항▼
1. A cryogenically pressurizable projectile adapted to at least partially laterally expand upon impact comprising: an elongated body comprising a first, second, and third section, said second section is formed between said first and third sections, said first and third sections respectively have a f
1. A cryogenically pressurizable projectile adapted to at least partially laterally expand upon impact comprising: an elongated body comprising a first, second, and third section, said second section is formed between said first and third sections, said first and third sections respectively have a first end and a second end section where said first end of said first section includes a forward tip of the projectile and said second end includes an aft end of said projectile on an opposing side of the elongated body from the forward tip, the elongated body having a first axis running through a center section of said first and second end sections as well as through a longitudinal center of said first, second and third sections, wherein said first section comprises an ogive shape rotated around said first axis;an internal cavity disposed within said body with a side wall section surrounding and spaced apart from said first axis, wherein said internal cavity further is defined by a first and second cavity end section that are on opposing ends of said internal cavity adjacent to said side wall section, wherein said internal cavity is formed extending into said first and third sections and through said second section within said elongated body;an internal cavity fill structure disposed through said second end section through a portion of said third section into said internal cavity; anda fill structure plug, screw, or closure section disposed within said fill structure adapted to receive and retain a cryogenic material into said internal cavity and retain structural integrity and remain fixed with respect to said second end section after said cryogenic materials generate a first internal gas upon thermal equalization within said projectile. 2. The projectile as in claim 1, wherein said first internal gas pressure results in shear stress of at least 24,000 psi on a section of wall of the internal cavity. 3. The projectile as in claim 1, wherein said projectile body comprises copper. 4. The projectile as in claim 1, wherein said ogive is formed having a rounded section. 5. The projectile as in claim 1, wherein said ogive is formed having a conical section. 6. The projectile as in claim 1, wherein said ogive is further formed with a meplat section defining said first end section. 7. The projectile as in claim 1, wherein said second end section is formed with a boattail form. 8. The projectile as in claim 1, wherein said elongated body's first section surrounding said cavity is formed having a solid structure. 9. The projectile as in claim 1, wherein said elongated body's first section at and between said forward tip and said internal cavity is formed with a solid structure. 10. The projectile as in claim 1, wherein said elongated body's first section at said first end section including said forward tip extending along said first axis comprises a hollow point or concave opening formed into said first end section. 11. The projectile as in claim 1, wherein said first section is formed with a wall section having a minimum thickness or rupture zone at or adjacent to a circular area of said first section parallel with and extending a first distance away from with said first cavity end section. 12. The projectile as in claim 1, further comprising a cryogenic material disposed within said cavity. 13. The projectile as in claim 1, further comprising a gas at a pressure of at least 200 psi disposed within said cavity. 14. A projectile comprising: an elongated body including an internal cavity disposed extending partially within in an ogive section and a section aft of the ogive section adapted to receive and retain a cryogenic material into said cavity within the projectile that expands and pressurizes the cavity as the cryogenic material equalizes to ambient temperature of an environment outside the projectile so to convert said cryogenic material to a gaseous material state comprising a gaseous material, the elongated body further is formed with a fill structure and fill sealing structure, wherein the fill structure is formed through a section of said elongated body, said fill sealing structure configured to selectively insert and remain fixed within the fill structure after said cryogenic material is placed into said internal cavity. 15. A projectile as in claim 14, wherein the projectile's ogive section between the internal cavity and a tip of the ogive is formed having shorter length than an opposing end section of the projectile formed between an end of the cavity and a base end of the projectile that is on an opposing end of the body from the tip of the ogive. 16. A projectile as in claim 14, wherein the internal cavity is formed so that part of the internal cavity section is formed within the ogive section and a remaining part is formed within the projectile aft of the ogive section. 17. A projectile as in claim 14, wherein the cavity section is formed such that it extends at least fifty percent of a radius line defined from a longitudinal center axis of the projectile to a plane defined by an outer surface of the projectile's body adjacent to the ogive section. 18. A projectile as in claim 14, wherein wall sections of both forward and aft or rear side sections of the cavity's walls have a higher shear stress arising from the gaseous material within the core or cavity than a middle wall section between the forward and aft or rear sections of the projectile's cavity. 19. A projectile as in claim 18, wherein the wall sections of both forward and aft or rear side sections of the cavity's walls have more than fifty percent higher said shear stress than in a middle section of the sides of the core or cavity. 20. A projectile as in claim 14, wherein the projectile is formed to maintain structural integrity with respect to the internal cavity and withstand firing from a projectile launcher of at least 100 g while said internal cavity is pressurized. 21. A projectile as in claim 14, further comprising said gaseous material disposed within said cavity, wherein the projectile's ogive and section adjacent to the ogive section are formed with wall thicknesses surrounding or adjacent to the internal cavity formed to displace laterally upon impact and penetration with a target based on said gaseous material that exerts a force on said cavity at or above 200 psi. 22. A projectile as in claim 14, wherein said pressurized projectile is formed to expand laterally upon impact to increase said projectile's cross section area upon impact based on force exerted by said gaseous material upon sides of said pressurized projectile. 23. A projectile as in claim 14, wherein said projectile's ogive has a tapered solid point. 24. A projectile as in claim 14, wherein said fill structure and fill sealing structure comprises a threaded opening and a threaded screw, plug or structure that threadably engages the threaded opening which is configured to be inserted after receiving said cryogenic material. 25. A projectile as in claim 24, wherein said fill sealing structure is adapted to ensure said cavity retains said gaseous material after it achieves said ambient temperature. 26. A projectile as in claim 14, wherein said projectile has said form factor based on a comparison with a G7 standard projectile resulting in a form factor calculation of less than 1.0. 27. A method of manufacturing a cryogenically-pressurized projectile comprising: providing or manufacturing an elongated body comprising a first, second, and third section, said second section is formed between said first and third sections, said first and third sections respectively have a first end and a second end section where said first end of said first section includes a forward tip of the projectile and said second end includes an aft end of said projectile on an opposing side of the elongated body from the forward tip, the elongated body having a first axis running through a center section of said first and second end sections as well as through a longitudinal center of said first, second and third sections, wherein said first section comprises an ogive shape rotated around said first axis;forming an internal cavity disposed within said body with a side wall section surrounding and spaced apart from said first axis, wherein said internal cavity further is defined by a first and second cavity end section that are on opposing ends of said internal cavity adjacent to said side wall section, wherein said internal cavity is formed extending into said first and third sections and through said second section within said elongated body;forming an internal cavity fill structure disposed through said second end section through a portion of said third section into said internal cavity; andproviding a fill structure plug, screw, or closure section disposed within said fill structure adapted to receive and retain a cryogenic material into said internal cavity and retain structural integrity and remain fixed with respect to said second end section after said cryogenic materials generate a first internal gas upon thermal equalization within said projectile. 28. A method as in claim 27, wherein said projectile is formed having a first means including a means for maintaining structural integrity after generation of a first internal gas from a cryogenic material disposed within said internal cavity via said internal cavity fill structure, a first internal gas pressure from said first internal gas, and upon firing said projectile that creates a second internal gas pressure created upon said firing of said projectile, wherein said second internal gas pressure is more than twice said first internal gas pressure, wherein said first means further includes at least a portion of said body at or adjacent to said first and second sections are adapted for displacing portions of said first section away from said first axis upon an impact from striking an object after said firing based on at least said first internal gas pressure and said impact. 29. The method as in claim 28, wherein first means comprises said first section formed with a wall section having a minimum thickness or rupture zone at or adjacent to a circular area of said first section parallel with and extending a first distance away from said first cavity end section. 30. A method as in claim 27, wherein said body is formed based on anisotropic material conditions by a manufacturing process comprising coldworking a portion of the body's said material during said process before said cryogenic material is deposited within said internal cavity. 31. A method as in claim 27 wherein said first internal gas pressure creates a shear stress on at least one section of the internal cavity wall of is at least 24,000 psi. 32. A method as in claim 27, wherein said projectile body comprises copper. 33. The method as in claim 27, wherein said ogive is formed having a rounded section. 34. The method as in claim 27, wherein said ogive is formed having a conical section. 35. The method as in claim 27, wherein said ogive is further formed with a meplat section defining said first end section. 36. The method as in claim 27, wherein said second end section is formed with a boattail form. 37. The method as in claim 27, wherein said elongated body's first section surrounding said cavity is formed having a solid structure. 38. The method as in claim 27, wherein said elongated body's first section at and between said forward tip and said internal cavity is formed with a solid structure. 39. The method as in claim 27, wherein said elongated body's first section at said first end section including said forward tip extending along said first axis comprises a hollow point or concave opening formed into said first end section. 40. The projectile as in claim 27, further comprising a cryogenic material disposed within said cavity. 41. The projectile as in claim 27, further comprising a gas at a pressure of at least 200 psi disposed within said cavity. 42. A process associated with a projectile comprising: providing a pressurized projectile formed with a structure having a predetermined ballistic performance as well as a predetermined expansion of said projectile's cross section upon impact and penetration of a target, said ballistic performance determined in part based on a form factor of said pressurized projectile, including a cavity filled with a gaseous material generated from a cryogenic material disposed in said cavity equalized to ambient temperature of an environment outside the projectile, wherein the projectile is formed to withstand firing from a projectile launcher of at least 100 g while said cavity is pressurized with said gaseous material, wherein the projectile forward section is configured or formed to expand upon impact and penetration with a target based on said gaseous material that exerts a force at or above 200 psi, said pressurized projectile is formed to expand laterally upon impact to increase said projectile's cross-sectional area upon impact based on force exerted by said gaseous material upon sides of said pressurized projectile, wherein said projectile has a sealable opening in a rear or side section of said projectile which further comprises a seal that is configured to be inserted after receiving said cryogenic material, said sealing is adapted to ensure said cavity retains said gas or fluid after it achieves said ambient temperature; andloading and firing said projectile from said projectile launcher towards said target using a launcher section that applies at least 100 g of force to said projectile. 43. A method as in claim 42 further comprising firing said projectile from said projectile launcher towards said target using a launcher section that applies at least 100 g of force to said projectile. 44. A method as in claim 43 wherein said projectile has said form factor based on a comparison with a G7 standard projectile resulting in a form factor calculation of less than 1.0. 45. A cryogenically pressurizable projectile adapted to at least partially laterally expand upon impact comprising: an elongated body comprising a first, second, and third section, said second section is formed between said first and third sections, said first and third sections respectively have a first end and a second end section where said first end of said first section includes a forward tip of the projectile and said second end includes an aft end of said projectile on an opposing side of the elongated body from the forward tip, the elongated body having a first axis running through a center section of said first and second end sections as well as through a longitudinal center of said first, second and third sections, wherein said first section comprises an ogive shape rotated around said first axis;an internal cavity disposed within said body with a side wall section surrounding and spaced apart from said first axis, wherein said internal cavity further is defined by a first and second cavity end section that are on opposing ends of said internal cavity adjacent to said side wall section, wherein said internal cavity is formed extending into said first and third sections and through said second section within said elongated body;an internal cavity fill structure disposed through said second end section through a portion of said third section into said internal cavity;a fill structure plug, screw, or closure section disposed within said fill structure adapted to receive and retain a cryogenic material into said internal cavity and retain structural integrity and remain fixed with respect to said second end section after said cryogenic materials generate a first internal gas upon thermal equalization within said projectile;a gas at a pressure of at least 200 psi disposed within said cavity;wherein said first internal gas pressure results in shear stress of at least 24,000 psi on a section of wall of the internal cavity;wherein said internal cavity is formed such that it extends more than fifty percent of a radius line defined from said first axis to a plane-defined first cavity end section;wherein said first section is formed with a wall section having a minimum thickness or rupture zone at or adjacent to a circular area of said first section parallel with and extending a first distance away from with said first cavity end section. 46. The projectile as in claim 45, wherein said projectile body comprises copper. 47. The projectile as in claim 45, wherein said ogive is formed having a rounded section. 48. The projectile as in claim 45, wherein said ogive is formed having a conical section. 49. The projectile as in claim 45, wherein said ogive is further formed with a meplat section defining said first end section. 50. The projectile as in claim 45, wherein said second end section is formed with a boattail form. 51. The projectile as in claim 45, wherein said elongated body's first section surrounding said cavity is formed having a solid structure. 52. The projectile as in claim 45, wherein said elongated body's first section at and between said forward tip and said internal cavity is formed with a solid structure. 53. The projectile as in claim 45, wherein said elongated body's first section at said first end section including said forward tip extending along said first axis comprises a hollow point or concave opening formed into said first end section.
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