A geothermal energy system comprising a plurality of borehole heat exchangers, each borehole heat exchanger containing a working fluid and comprising an elongate tube having a closed bottom end and first and second adjacent elongate conduits interconnected at the bottom end, a manifold for the worki
A geothermal energy system comprising a plurality of borehole heat exchangers, each borehole heat exchanger containing a working fluid and comprising an elongate tube having a closed bottom end and first and second adjacent elongate conduits interconnected at the bottom end, a manifold for the working fluid to which the plurality of borehole heat exchangers is connected, and a plurality of valves connected between the plurality of borehole heat exchangers and the manifold, whereby the first and second conduits of the plurality of borehole heat exchangers are selectively connectable to the manifold by operation of the valves.
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1. A geothermal energy system comprising: a plurality of borehole heat exchangers, each borehole heat exchanger containing a working fluid and comprising: an elongate tube having a closed bottom end, andfirst and second adjacent elongate coaxial conduits interconnected at the bottom end, the first c
1. A geothermal energy system comprising: a plurality of borehole heat exchangers, each borehole heat exchanger containing a working fluid and comprising: an elongate tube having a closed bottom end, andfirst and second adjacent elongate coaxial conduits interconnected at the bottom end, the first conduit being tubular and surrounded by the second conduit which is annular;a plurality of valves connected to the plurality of borehole heat exchangers, the plurality of valves being within a manifold;a pump for pumping the working fluid through the borehole heat exchangers; and wherein the valves and pump are arranged for selectively pumping the working fluid through a selected one or more of the borehole heat exchangers in a respective direction selected from a first direction and an opposite second direction with respect to the respective first and second conduits of the respective borehole heat exchanger, each of the first and second conduits is connected to respective valves of the plurality of valves within the manifold wherein each of the plurality of borehole heat exchangers is selectively connectable to any other of the plurality of borehole heat exchangers. 2. A geothermal energy system according to claim 1 wherein the plurality of borehole heat exchangers extends downwardly and laterally into the ground from a central surface assembly of the elongate tubes to define a ground volume of the geothermal energy system which encloses the plurality of borehole heat exchangers, and wherein a footprint area of the central surface assembly is less than 10% of a footprint area of the ground volume of the geothermal energy system. 3. A geothermal energy system according to claim 2 wherein the footprint area of the central surface assembly is less than 5% of a footprint area of the ground volume of the geothermal energy system. 4. A geothermal energy system according to claim 1 further comprising a control module connected to the plurality of borehole heat exchangers for controlling the pump and the valves for selectively distributing the working fluid within the plurality of borehole heat exchangers to achieve a particular thermal energy output profile. 5. A geothermal energy system according to claim 4 which is connected to a building and wherein the control module is adapted to control the thermal energy supply to or from the building in response to a thermal energy demand profile from a building energy management system of the building. 6. A geothermal energy system according to claim 1 wherein at least one first borehole heat exchanger has a major portion thereof extending in a substantially vertical orientation, at least one second borehole heat exchanger has a major portion thereof extending in a substantially horizontal orientation and at least one third borehole heat exchanger has a major portion thereof extending in a substantially inclined orientation. 7. A geothermal energy system according to claim 1 wherein at least one of the borehole heat exchangers has an average inclination with respect to the vertical of from 3 to 95 degrees. 8. A geothermal energy system according to claim 7 wherein at least one of the borehole heat exchangers has a major portion thereof with an average inclination with respect to the vertical of from 30 to 60 degrees. 9. A geothermal energy system according to claim 8 wherein the at least one borehole heat exchanger has a major portion thereof with an average inclination with respect to the vertical of 45 degrees. 10. A geothermal energy system according to claim 1 wherein the valves and pump are arranged for selectively pumping the working fluid through a selected one or more of first borehole heat exchangers in a respective selected forward direction down the second conduit and up the first conduit and simultaneously through a selected one or more second borehole heat exchangers in a respective selected reverse direction down the first conduit and up the second conduit. 11. A geothermal energy system according to claim 1 further comprising integral temperature and flow sensors located at intervals along the length of each borehole heat exchanger. 12. A method of operating a geothermal energy system comprising a plurality of borehole heat exchangers, each borehole heat exchanger containing a working fluid and comprising an elongate tube having a closed bottom end and first and second adjacent elongate coaxial conduits interconnected at the bottom end, the first conduit being tubular and surrounded by the second conduit which is annular, a plurality of valves connected to the plurality of borehole heat exchangers, the plurality of valves being within a manifold, and a pump for pumping the working fluid through the borehole heat exchangers; the method including the step of: selectively pumping the working fluid through a selected one or more of the borehole heat exchangers in a respective direction selected from a first direction and an opposite second direction with respect to the respective first and second conduits of the respective borehole heat exchanger, each of the first and second conduits connected to respective valves of the plurality of valves within the manifold wherein each of the plurality of borehole heat exchangers is selectively connectable to any other of the plurality of borehole heat exchangers. 13. A method according to claim 12 wherein the plurality of borehole heat exchangers extends downwardly and laterally into the ground from a central surface assembly of the elongate tubes to define a ground volume of the geothermal energy system which encloses the plurality of borehole heat exchangers, and wherein a footprint area of the central surface assembly is less than 5% of a footprint area of the ground volume of the geothermal energy system. 14. A method according to claim 12 wherein a control module is connected to the plurality of borehole heat exchangers for controlling the pump and the valves for selectively distributing the working fluid within the plurality of borehole heat exchangers to achieve a particular thermal energy output profile. 15. A method according to claim 14 wherein the control module is adapted to control the thermal energy supply to or from a building in response to a thermal energy demand profile from a building management system of the building. 16. A method according to claim 12 wherein at least one first borehole heat exchanger has a major portion thereof extending in a substantially vertical orientation, at least one second borehole heat exchanger has a major portion thereof extending in a substantially horizontal orientation and at least one third borehole heat exchanger has a major portion thereof extending in a substantially inclined orientation. 17. A method according to claim 12 wherein at least one of the borehole heat exchangers has an average inclination with respect to the vertical of from 3 to 95 degrees. 18. A method according to claim 17 wherein at least one of the borehole heat exchangers has a major portion thereof with an average inclination with respect to the vertical of from 30 to 60 degrees. 19. A method according to claim 18 wherein the at least one borehole heat exchanger has a major portion thereof with an average inclination with respect to the vertical of 45 degrees. 20. A method according to claim 12 wherein the valves and pump selectively pump the working fluid through a selected one or more of first borehole heat exchangers in a respective selected forward direction down the second conduit and up the first conduit and simultaneously through a selected one or more second borehole heat exchangers in a respective selected reverse direction down the first conduit and up the second conduit. 21. A method according to claim 12 further comprising monitoring the temperature and flow at intervals along the length of each borehole heat exchanger. 22. A geothermal energy system comprising a plurality of borehole heat exchangers coupled to a heat pump and/or cooling system of a building, each borehole heat exchanger containing a working fluid, and a pump for selectively pumping the working fluid through the borehole heat exchangers, each borehole heat exchanger comprising an elongate tube having a closed bottom end, the elongate tube having a steel outer casing and a thermoplastic inner tubing within the outer casing which define first and second adjacent elongate conduits interconnected at the bottom end, the first conduit being tubular and surrounded by the second conduit which is annular, wherein the plurality of borehole heat exchangers extends downwardly and laterally into the ground from a central surface assembly of the elongate tubes to define a ground volume of the geothermal energy system which encloses the plurality of borehole heat exchangers, each of the first and second conduits is connected to valves within a manifold wherein each of the plurality of borehole heat exchangers is selectively connectable to any other of the plurality of borehole heat exchangers, wherein a footprint area of the central surface assembly is less than 10% of a footprint area of the ground volume of the geothermal energy system, the vertical depth of at least one of the plurality of borehole heat exchangers is at least 100 meters, and the majority of the length of each of the borehole heat exchangers is mutually separated from other borehole heat exchangers so as to be substantially thermally independent therefrom. 23. A geothermal energy system according to claim 22 wherein a footprint area of the central surface assembly is less than 5% of a footprint area of the ground volume of the geothermal energy system. 24. A geothermal energy system according to claim 23 wherein the footprint area of the central surface assembly is less than 1% of a footprint area of the ground volume of the geothermal energy system. 25. A geothermal energy system according to claim 22 wherein the central surface assembly comprises a rigid structure to which the upper ends of the borehole heat exchangers are affixed. 26. A geothermal energy system according to claim 25 wherein the rigid structure comprises concrete to which the upper ends of the borehole heat exchangers are affixed. 27. A geothermal energy system according to claim 22 wherein at least one first borehole heat exchanger has a major portion thereof extending in a substantially vertical orientation, at least one second borehole heat exchanger has a major portion thereof extending in a substantially horizontal orientation and at least one third borehole heat exchanger has a major portion thereof extending in a substantially inclined orientation. 28. A geothermal energy system according to claim 22 wherein at least one of the borehole heat exchangers has an average inclination with respect to the vertical of from 3 to 95 degrees. 29. A geothermal energy system according to claim 28 wherein at least one of the borehole heat exchangers has a major portion thereof with an average inclination with respect to the vertical of from 30 to 60 degrees. 30. A geothermal energy system according to claim 29 wherein the at least one borehole heat exchanger has a major portion thereof with an average inclination with respect to the vertical of 45 degrees. 31. A geothermal energy system according to claim 22 wherein an upper portion of each borehole heat exchanger extends substantially vertically downwardly from the central surface assembly. 32. A geothermal energy system according to claim 22 wherein the majority of the length of each of the borehole heat exchangers is mutually separated from other borehole heat exchangers by a distance of at least 4 meters. 33. A geothermal energy system according to claim 22 wherein at least one of the plurality of borehole heat exchangers includes plural portions of mutually varying length and inclination. 34. A geothermal energy system according to claim 22 wherein the plurality of borehole heat exchangers is directionally drilled from a surface pad. 35. A geothermal energy system according to claim 34 wherein the surface pad has a surface area of from 10 to 20 square meters. 36. A geothermal energy system according to claim 22 wherein the outer casing is cemented within a borehole. 37. A geothermal energy system according to claim 22 wherein the inner tubing is composed of PVC.
Ippolito Joe J. (13110 Lamplight Village Ave. Austin TX 78758), Earth storage structural energy system and process for constructing a thermal storage well.
Baciu Petru (Two Lincoln Square Ap. 20 E New York NY 10023), Geothermal power plant with intermediate superheating and simultaneous generation of thermal and electrical energy.
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