초록

The invention provides novel devices, systems, designs, materials and fabrication methods that enable high-load capacity, easy release, and suitable for extended/repeated use in a variety of applications.

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1. A releasable, surface-adhering device, comprising: an adhering pad, comprising: a planar backing layer;an elastic planar layer having an adhering surface on at least one side, wherein the elastic planar layer adheres to a target surface when the elastic planar layer is pressed against the target

1. A releasable, surface-adhering device, comprising: an adhering pad, comprising: a planar backing layer;an elastic planar layer having an adhering surface on at least one side, wherein the elastic planar layer adheres to a target surface when the elastic planar layer is pressed against the target surface, wherein the elastic planar layer is applied to the planar backing layer on at least the side opposing the adhering surface; anda flexible tether attached to and extending from the adhering pad. 2. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 1, further comprising a holding component for load bearing, the holding component being attachable to the tether for connecting an object to the device. 3. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 1, wherein the planar backing layer is stiff in a plane of the backing layer, and wherein the planar backing layer is impregnated onto the elastic planar layer on the side opposing the adhering surface. 4. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 1, wherein the adhering surface is microscopically smooth. 5. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 4, wherein the elastic planar layer has a smooth adhering surface area of greater than about 0.01 cm2 and has a substantially uniform thickness of less than about 0.0001 cm. 6. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 4, wherein the elastic planar layer has a smooth adhering surface area of greater than about 0.2 cm2 and has a substantially uniform thickness of less than about 0.5 cm. 7. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 1, wherein the adhering surface is microscopically patterned. 8. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 1, wherein the planar backing layer is a fabric backing layer. 9. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 8, wherein the elastic planar layer comprises an elastic material having an elastic modulus ranging from about 0.05 MPa to about 50 MPa. 10. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 8, wherein the elastic planar layer comprises an elastic material, wherein the elastic material comprises a siloxane-based elastomer, a urethane-based elastomer or a an acrylate-based elastomer. 11. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 8, wherein the material of the fabric backing layer comprises a natural fabric material or a synthetic fabric material. 12. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 1, wherein the backing layer has a higher in-plane stiffness than the elastic planar layer. 13. A releasable, surface-adhering device, comprising: an elastic planar layer comprising an elastic material, the elastic planar layer having on one side an adhering surface for adhering to a target surface and on the other side a backing layer, wherein the elastic material is applied to the backing layer and wherein the elastic planar layer adheres to the target surface when the elastic planar layer is pressed against the target surface; anda flexible tether attached to and extending from the backing layer for connecting an object to the device, wherein a portion of the backing layer extends beyond the elastic planar layer to form an area of the backing layer free of the elastic material, and wherein the tether is attached to the backing layer at the area of the backing layer free of the elastic material. 14. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 13, wherein the adhering surface is microscopically smooth. 15. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 14, wherein the elastic planar layer has a smooth adhering surface area from about 0.01 cm2 to about 1000 cm2 and has a substantially uniform thickness from about 0.001 cm to about 0.5 cm. 16. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 13, wherein the adhering surface is microscopically patterned. 17. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 13, wherein the backing layer is a fabric backing layer. 18. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 13, wherein the backing layer is a non-fabric backing layer. 19. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 13, wherein the elastic planar layer has a substantially circular outer boundary, a substantially rectangular outer boundary, a substantially irregular outer boundary or a substantially elliptical outer boundary. 20. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 13, wherein the elastic planar layer comprises two or more separate smaller elastic material layer units. 21. The releasable, surface-adhering device of claim 13, wherein the backing layer has a higher in-plane stiffness than the elastic planar layer. 22. A releasable, reusable surface-adhering device, comprising: an adhering pad, comprising: an elastic planar layer having an adhering surface on one side, wherein the elastic planar layer adheres to a target surface when the elastic planar layer is pressed against the target surface; anda planar backing layer, wherein the backing layer is applied to the elastic planar layer on the side opposing the adhering surface;a flexible tether attached to and extending from the adhering pad, wherein the attachment between the flexible tether and the adhering pad is located away from an edge of the adhering pad. 23. The releasable, reusable surface-adhering device of claim 22, wherein an angle between the tether and the adhering pad is adjustable from about 0° to about 359°. 24. The releasable, reusable surface-adhering device of claim 22, wherein the backing layer has a higher in-plane stiffness than the elastic planar layer.