A rotary actuator includes a housing defining a first arcuate chamber comprising a cavity, a fluid port in fluid communication with the cavity, and an open end. A rotor assembly in the housing includes an output shaft and a rotor arm extending radially outward from the output shaft. An arcuate-shape
A rotary actuator includes a housing defining a first arcuate chamber comprising a cavity, a fluid port in fluid communication with the cavity, and an open end. A rotor assembly in the housing includes an output shaft and a rotor arm extending radially outward from the output shaft. An arcuate-shaped piston is disposed in the housing for movement in the arcuate chamber. The rotary actuator includes a fluid line is coupled to the fluid port, a high pressure fluid line, a low pressure fluid line, and a central pressure source coupled to the high pressure fluid line. A servo valve is positioned between the central pressure source and the hydraulic actuator and is controllable to selectively connect the fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator.
대표청구항▼
1. A rotary actuator system comprising: a first housing defining a first arcuate chamber comprising a first cavity, a first fluid port in fluid communication with the first cavity, and an open end, wherein the first housing defining the first arcuate chamber is formed from a single piece of material
1. A rotary actuator system comprising: a first housing defining a first arcuate chamber comprising a first cavity, a first fluid port in fluid communication with the first cavity, and an open end, wherein the first housing defining the first arcuate chamber is formed from a single piece of material;a rotor assembly rotatably journaled in said first housing and comprising a rotary output shaft and a first rotor arm extending radially outward from the rotary output shaft;an arcuate-shaped first piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the first arcuate chamber through the open end, wherein a first seal, the first cavity, and the first piston define a first pressure chamber, and a first portion of the first piston contacts the first rotor arm;a first fluid line coupled to the first fluid port;a high pressure fluid line;a low pressure fluid line;a central pressure source coupled to the high pressure fluid line; anda servo valve positioned between the central pressure source and the hydraulic actuator and being controllable to selectively connect the first fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator. 2. The rotary actuator system of claim 1, wherein the first housing further defines a second arcuate chamber comprising a second cavity, and a second fluid port in fluid communication with the second cavity; wherein the rotor assembly further comprises a second rotor arm;wherein the rotary actuator further comprising an arcuate-shaped second piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the second arcuate chamber, wherein a second seal, the second cavity, and the second piston define a second pressure chamber, and a first portion of the second piston contacts the second rotor arm; andwherein the rotary actuator system further comprises a second fluid line coupled to the second fluid port, and the servo valve is further controllable to selectively connect the second fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator. 3. The rotary actuator system of claim 1, further comprising a controller coupled to control the servo valve. 4. The rotary actuator system of claim 3, further comprising a position sensor configured to provide a position feedback signal, wherein the controller is further configured to receive a position feedback signal from the position sensor and control the servo valve based on the position feedback signal. 5. The rotary actuator system of claim 4, wherein the position sensor is coupled to the rotary output shaft, wherein the controller, the servo, and the position sensor comprise a feedback loop. 6. The rotary actuator system of claim 4, wherein the position sensor is a position limit sensor, and the controller is further configured to receive a position limit signal from the position sensor and control the servo valve based on the position limit signal. 7. The rotary actuator system of claim 1, wherein the first seal is disposed about an interior surface of the open end. 8. The rotary actuator system of claim 1, wherein the first seal is disposed about the periphery of the first piston. 9. The rotary actuator system of claim 1, wherein the first housing is formed as a one-piece housing. 10. The rotary actuator system of claim 1, wherein the first seal is a one-piece seal. 11. The rotary actuator system of claim 1, wherein the first rotor arm is coupled to a flight control surface of an aircraft. 12. The rotary actuator system of claim 11, wherein the first rotor arm is coupled to a primary flight control surface of an aircraft. 13. The rotary actuator system of claim 1, wherein the central pressure source comprises a central hydraulic system of an aircraft. 14. The rotary actuator system of claim 1, further comprising: a central actuation assembly including a central mounting point formed in an external surface of the rotary output shaft, said central mounting point proximal to the longitudinal midpoint of the rotary output shaft; andan actuation arm removably attached at a proximal end to the central mounting point, said actuation arm adapted at a distal end for attachment to an external mounting feature of a member to be actuated. 15. A method of rotary actuation comprising: providing a rotary actuator comprising: a first housing defining a first arcuate chamber comprising a first cavity, a first fluid port in fluid communication with the first cavity, and an open end, wherein the first housing defining the first arcuate chamber is formed from a single piece of material;a rotor assembly rotatably journaled in said first housing and comprising a rotary output shaft and a first rotor arm extending radially outward from the rotary output shaft; and an arcuate-shaped first piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the first arcuate chamber through the open end, wherein a first seal, the first cavity, and the first piston define a first pressure chamber, and a first portion of the first piston contacts the first rotor arm;a first fluid line coupled to the first fluid port;a high pressure fluid line; anda low pressure fluid line;providing a central pressure source coupled to the high pressure fluid line;providing a servo valve positioned between the central pressure source and the hydraulic actuator;controlling the servo valve to selectively connect the first fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to apply pressurized fluid to the first pressure chamber; andurging the first piston partially outward from the first pressure chamber to urge rotation of the rotary output shaft in a first direction. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the first housing further defines a second arcuate chamber comprising a second cavity, and a second fluid port in fluid communication with the second cavity; wherein the rotor assembly further comprises a second rotor arm;wherein the rotary actuator further comprising an arcuate-shaped second piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the second arcuate chamber, and a second seal, the second cavity, and the second piston define a second pressure chamber, and a first portion of the second piston contacts the second rotor arm;wherein a second fluid line is coupled to the second fluid port, and the servo valve is further controllable to selectively connect the second fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator; andthe method further comprising: controlling the servo valve to selectively connect the second fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to apply pressurized fluid to the second pressure chamber; andurging the second piston partially outward from the second pressure chamber. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising providing a controller coupled to control the servo valve, and wherein controlling the servo valve further comprises controlling, by the controller, the servo valve to selectively connect the first fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to apply pressurized fluid to the first pressure chamber. 18. The method of claim 17 further comprising: providing a position sensor configured to provide a position feedback signal indicative of a position of the rotary actuator;receiving, by the controller, a position feedback signal from the position sensor to control the servo valve; andcontrolling, by the controller, the servo valve to selectively connect the first fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to apply pressurized fluid to the first pressure chamber based on the position feedback signal. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the position sensor is coupled to the rotary output shaft, and the position feedback signal is a rotary position feedback signal. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the position sensor is a position limit sensor, and the position feedback signal is a position limit signal. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein urging the first piston partially outward from the first pressure chamber to urge rotation of the rotary output shaft in a first direction further comprises urging rotation of the rotary output shaft to control at least one of the group consisting of rotary output shaft speed, rotary output shaft position, rotary output shaft torque, and rotary output shaft acceleration. 22. The method of claim 15, further comprising: providing a central actuation assembly including a central mounting point formed in an external surface of the rotary output shaft, said central mounting point proximal to the longitudinal midpoint of the rotary output shaft;providing an actuation arm removably attached at a proximal end to the central mounting point, said actuation arm adapted at a distal end for attachment to an external mounting feature of a member to be actuated;urging rotation of the actuation arm; andurging motion of the member to be actuated. 23. A rotary actuator system comprising: a first housing defining a first arcuate chamber comprising a first cavity, a first fluid port in fluid communication with the first cavity, and an open end;a rotor assembly rotatably journaled in said first housing and comprising a rotary output shaft and a first rotor arm extending radially outward from the rotary output shaft;an arcuate-shaped first piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the first arcuate chamber through the open end, wherein a first seal, the first cavity, and the first piston define a first pressure chamber, and a first portion of the first piston contacts the first rotor arm;a first fluid line coupled to the first fluid port;a fluid reservoir;a fluid pump coupled to the fluid reservoir, the fluid pump being controllable to selectively provide high pressure to the first fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator, wherein the fluid pump is not connected to a central hydraulic system; anda controller coupled to control the fluid pump. 24. The rotary actuator of claim 23, wherein the first housing further defines a second arcuate chamber comprising a second cavity, and a second fluid port in fluid communication with the second cavity; wherein the rotor assembly further comprises a second rotor arm;wherein the rotary actuator further comprises an arcuate-shaped second piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the second arcuate chamber, wherein a second seal, the second cavity, and the second piston define a second pressure chamber, and a first portion of the second piston contacts the second rotor arm; andwherein the rotary actuator further comprises a second fluid line coupled to the second fluid port; andthe fluid pump is further controllable to selectively provide high pressure to the second fluid line to control movement of only the hydraulic actuator. 25. The rotary actuator system of claim 23, further comprising a position sensor configured to provide a position feedback signal, wherein the controller is further configured to receive a position feedback signal from the position sensor and control the fluid pump based on the position feedback signal. 26. The rotary actuator system of claim 25, wherein the position sensor is coupled to the rotary output shaft, wherein the controller, the fluid pump, and the position sensor comprise a feedback loop. 27. The rotary actuator system of claim 25, wherein the position sensor is a position limit sensor and the controller is further configured to receive a position limit signal from the position sensor and control the fluid pump based on the position limit signal. 28. The rotary actuator of claim 23, wherein the first seal is disposed about an interior surface of the open end. 29. The rotary actuator of claim 23, wherein the first seal is disposed about the periphery of the first piston. 30. The rotary actuator of claim 23, wherein the first housing is formed as a one-piece housing. 31. The rotary actuator of claim 23, wherein the first seal is a one-piece seal. 32. The rotary actuator system of claim 23, further comprising: a central actuation assembly including a central mounting point formed in an external surface of the rotary output shaft, said central mounting point proximal to the longitudinal midpoint of the rotary output shaft; andan actuation arm removably attached at a proximal end to the central mounting point, said actuation arm adapted at a distal end for attachment to an external mounting feature of a member to be actuated. 33. A method of rotary actuation comprising: providing a rotary actuator comprising: a first housing defining a first arcuate chamber comprising a first cavity, a first fluid port in fluid communication with the first cavity, and an open end;a rotor assembly rotatably journaled in said first housing and comprising a rotary output shaft and a first rotor arm extending radially outward from the rotary output shaft; and an arcuate-shaped first piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the first arcuate chamber through the open end, wherein a first seal, the first cavity, and the first piston define a first pressure chamber, and a first portion of the first piston contacts the first rotor arm; anda first fluid line coupled to the first fluid port;providing a controller coupled to control the fluid pump;providing a fluid reservoir;providing a fluid pump coupled to the fluid reservoir;controlling, by the controller, the fluid pump to selectively provide high pressure to the first fluid line to selectively apply pressurized fluid to the first pressure chamber; andurging the first piston partially outward from the first pressure chamber to urge rotation of the rotary output shaft in a first direction. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the first housing further defines a second arcuate chamber comprising a second cavity, and a second fluid port in fluid communication with the second cavity; wherein the rotor assembly further comprises a second rotor arm;wherein the rotary actuator further comprising an arcuate-shaped second piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the second arcuate chamber, wherein a second seal, the second cavity, and the second piston define a second pressure chamber, and a first portion of the second piston contacts the second rotor arm;wherein a second fluid line is coupled to the second fluid port; andthe method further comprises: controlling the fluid pump to selectively provide high pressure to the second fluid line to apply pressurized fluid to the second pressure chamber; andurging the second piston partially outward from the second pressure chamber. 35. The method of claim 33 further comprising: providing a position sensor configured to provide a position feedback signal indicative of a position of the rotary actuator;receiving, by the controller, a position feedback signal from the position sensor to control the fluid pump; andcontrolling, by the controller, the fluid pump to selectively apply pressurized fluid to the first pressure chamber based on the position feedback signal. 36. The method of claim 35, wherein the position sensor is coupled to the rotary output shaft, and the position feedback signal is a rotary position feedback signal. 37. The method of claim 35, wherein the position sensor is a position limit sensor, and the position feedback signal is a position limit signal. 38. The method of claim 33, wherein urging the first piston partially outward from the first pressure chamber to urge rotation of the rotary output shaft in a first direction further comprises urging rotation of the rotary output shaft to control at least one of the group consisting of rotary output shaft speed, rotary output shaft position, rotary output shaft torque, and rotary output shaft acceleration. 39. The method of claim 33, further comprising: providing a central actuation assembly including a central mounting point formed in an external surface of the rotary output shaft, said central mounting point proximal to the longitudinal midpoint of the rotary output shaft;providing an actuation arm removably attached at a proximal end to the central mounting point, said actuation arm adapted at a distal end for attachment to an external mounting feature of a member to be actuated;urging rotation of the actuation arm; andurging motion of the member to be actuated. 40. A rotary actuator comprising: a first housing defining a first arcuate chamber comprising a first cavity, a first fluid port in fluid communication with the first cavity, and an open end;a rotor assembly rotatably journaled in said first housing and comprising a rotary output shaft and a first rotor arm extending radially outward from the rotary output shaft;an arcuate-shaped first piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the first arcuate chamber through the open end, wherein a first seal, the first cavity, and the first piston define a first pressure chamber, and a first portion of the first piston contacts the first rotor arm;a first fluid line coupled to the first fluid port;a high pressure fluid line;a low pressure fluid line;a central pressure source coupled to the high pressure fluid line;a servo valve positioned between the central pressure source and the hydraulic actuator, the servo being controllable to selectively connect the first fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator;a fluid reservoir;a fluid pump coupled to the fluid reservoir, the fluid pump being controllable to selectively provide high pressure to the first fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator;a valve block positioned between the hydraulic actuator, the servo valve, and the fluid pump, the valve block being controllable to selectively provide high pressure to the first fluid line from the fluid pump and the servo valve; anda controller coupled to control the valve block, the fluid pump, and the servo valve. 41. The rotary actuator system of claim 40, wherein the first housing further defines a second arcuate chamber comprising a second cavity, and a second fluid port in fluid communication with the second cavity; wherein the rotor assembly further comprises a second rotor arm;wherein the rotary actuator further comprising an arcuate-shaped second piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the second arcuate chamber, wherein a second seal, the second cavity, and the second piston define a second pressure chamber, and a first portion of the second piston contacts the second rotor arm; andwherein the rotary actuator system further comprises a second fluid line coupled to the second fluid port, and the valve block is further controllable to selectively connect the second fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator. 42. The rotary actuator system of claim 40, further comprising a position sensor configured to provide a position feedback signal, wherein the controller is further configured to receive a position feedback signal from the position sensor and control the servo valve and the fluid pump based on the position feedback signal. 43. The rotary actuator system of claim 42, wherein the position sensor is coupled to the rotary output shaft, wherein the controller, the servo, and the position sensor comprise a first feedback loop, and the controller, the fluid pump, and the position sensor comprise a second feedback loop. 44. The rotary actuator system of claim 43, wherein the position sensor is a position limit sensor and the controller is further configured to receive a position limit signal from the position sensor and control the servo valve and the fluid pump based on the position limit signal. 45. The rotary actuator system of claim 40, wherein the first seal is disposed about an interior surface of the open end. 46. The rotary actuator system of claim 40, wherein the first seal is disposed about the periphery of the first piston. 47. The rotary actuator system of claim 40, wherein the first housing is formed as a one-piece housing. 48. The rotary actuator system of claim 40, wherein the first seal is a one-piece seal. 49. The rotary actuator system of claim 40, wherein the first rotor arm is coupled to a flight control surface of an aircraft. 50. The rotary actuator system of claim 49, wherein the first rotor arm is coupled to a primary flight control surface of an aircraft. 51. The rotary actuator system of claim 40, wherein the central pressure source comprises a central hydraulic system of an aircraft. 52. The rotary actuator system of claim 40, further comprising: a central actuation assembly including a central mounting point formed in an external surface of the rotary output shaft, said central mounting point proximal to the longitudinal midpoint of the rotary output shaft; andan actuation arm removably attached at a proximal end to the central mounting point, said actuation arm adapted at a distal end for attachment to an external mounting feature of a member to be actuated. 53. A method of rotary actuation comprising: providing a rotary actuator comprising: a first housing defining a first arcuate chamber comprising a first cavity, a first fluid port in fluid communication with the first cavity, and an open end;a rotor assembly rotatably journaled in said first housing and comprising a rotary output shaft and a first rotor arm extending radially outward from the rotary output shaft;an arcuate-shaped first piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the first arcuate chamber through the open end, wherein a first seal, the first cavity, and the first piston define a first pressure chamber, and a first portion of the first piston contacts the first rotor arm;a first fluid line coupled to the first fluid port;a high pressure fluid line; anda low pressure fluid line;providing a controller;providing a central pressure source coupled to the high pressure fluid line;providing a servo valve positioned between the central pressure source and the hydraulic actuator, the servo being controllable to selectively connect the first fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator;providing a fluid reservoir;providing a fluid pump coupled to the fluid reservoir, the fluid pump being controllable to selectively provide high pressure to the first fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator;providing a valve block positioned between the hydraulic actuator, the servo valve, and the fluid pump, the valve block being controllable to selectively provide high pressure to the first fluid line from the fluid pump and the servo valve;controlling, by the controller, the fluid pump to selectively apply pressurized fluid to the first pressure chamber;controlling, by the controller, the valve block to selectively connect the servo valve and the fluid pump to the first pressure chamber;controlling, by the controller, the servo valve to selectively to selectively connect the first fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to apply pressurized fluid to the first pressure chamber; andurging the first piston partially outward from the first pressure chamber to urge rotation of the rotary output shaft in a first direction. 54. The method of claim 53, wherein the first housing further defines a second arcuate chamber comprising a second cavity, and a second fluid port in fluid communication with the second cavity; wherein the rotor assembly further comprises a second rotor arm;wherein the rotary actuator further comprises an arcuate-shaped second piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the second arcuate chamber, wherein a second seal, the second cavity, and the second piston define a second pressure chamber, and a first portion of the second piston contacts the second rotor arm; andwherein the rotary actuator system further comprises a second fluid line coupled to the second fluid port, and the valve block is further controllable to selectively connect the second fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator. 55. The method of claim 53 further comprising: providing a position sensor configured to provide a position feedback signal indicative of a position of the rotary actuator;receiving, by the controller, a position feedback signal from the position sensor;wherein the controller, the servo, and the position sensor comprise a first feedback loop, and the controller, the fluid pump, and the position sensor comprise a second feedback loop; andwherein controlling the servo valve and the fluid pump to apply pressurized fluid to the first pressure chamber based on the position feedback signal. 56. The method of claim 55, wherein the position sensor is coupled to the rotary output shaft, the position feedback signal is a rotary position feedback signal, and the controller is further configured to receive a rotary position feedback signal from the position sensor and control the servo valve and the fluid pump based on the rotary position feedback signal. 57. The rotary actuator system of claim 55, wherein the position sensor is a position limit sensor, and the controller is further configured to receive a position limit signal from the position sensor and control the servo valve and the fluid pump based on the position limit signal. 58. The method of claim 53, wherein the first seal is disposed about an interior surface of the open end. 59. The method of claim 53, wherein the first seal is disposed about the periphery of the first piston. 60. The method of claim 53, wherein the first housing is formed as a one-piece housing. 61. The method of claim 53, wherein the first seal is a one-piece seal. 62. The method of claim 53, wherein the first rotor arm is coupled to a flight control surface of an aircraft. 63. The method of claim 53, wherein the first rotor arm is coupled to a flight control surface of an aircraft. 64. The method of claim 63, wherein the first rotor arm is coupled to a primary flight control surface of an aircraft. 65. The method of claim 63, wherein the central pressure source comprises a central hydraulic system of an aircraft. 66. The method of claim 53, wherein urging the first piston partially outward from the first pressure chamber to urge rotation of the rotary output shaft in a first direction further comprises urging rotation of the rotary output shaft to control at least one of the group consisting of rotary output shaft speed, rotary output shaft position, rotary output shaft torque, and rotary output shaft acceleration. 67. The method of claim 53, further comprising: providing a central actuation assembly including a central mounting point formed in an external surface of the rotary output shaft, said central mounting point proximal to the longitudinal midpoint of the rotary output shaft;providing an actuation arm removably attached at a proximal end to the central mounting point, said actuation arm adapted at a distal end for attachment to an external mounting feature of a member to be actuated;urging rotation of the actuation arm; andurging motion of the member to be actuated. 68. A rotary actuator system comprising: a first housing defining a first arcuate chamber comprising a first cavity, a second cavity, a first fluid port in fluid communication with the first cavity, a second fluid port in fluid communication with the second cavity, a first open end, and a second open end;a rotor assembly rotatably journaled in said first housing and comprising a rotary output shaft, a first rotor arm extending radially outward from the rotary output shaft, and a second rotor arm extending radially outward from the rotary output shaft;an arcuate-shaped first piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the first arcuate chamber through the first open end, wherein a first seal, the first cavity, and the first piston define a first pressure chamber, and a first portion of the first piston contacts the first rotor arm;an arcuate-shaped second piston disposed in said second housing for reciprocal movement in the second arcuate chamber through the second open end, wherein a second seal, the second cavity, and the second piston define a second pressure chamber, and a second portion of the second piston contacts the second rotor arm;a first fluid line coupled to the first fluid port;a high pressure fluid line;a low pressure fluid line;a central pressure source coupled to the high pressure fluid line;a servo valve positioned between the central pressure source and the hydraulic actuator, the servo being controllable to selectively connect the first fluid line to the high pressure fluid line and the low pressure fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator;a second fluid line coupled to the second fluid port;a fluid reservoir;an electric powered fluid pump coupled to the fluid reservoir, the fluid pump being controllable to selectively provide high pressure to the second fluid line to control movement of the hydraulic actuator; anda first controller coupled to control the servo valve and a second controller coupled to control the fluid pump. 69. The rotary actuator system of claim 68, wherein the fluid pump is not connected to a central hydraulic system. 70. The rotary actuator system of claim 68, further comprising a position sensor configured to provide a position feedback signal, wherein the first controller is further configured to receive a position feedback signal from the position sensor and control the servo valve based on the position feedback signal and the second controller is further configured to receive the position feedback signal from the position sensor and control the fluid pump based on the position feedback signal. 71. The rotary actuator system of claim 70, wherein the position sensor is coupled to the rotary output shaft, wherein the first controller, the servo, and the position sensor comprise a first feedback loop and the second controller, the fluid pump, and the position sensor comprise a second feedback loop. 72. The rotary actuator system of claim 70, wherein the position sensor is a position limit sensor, and the first controller and the second controller are further configured to receive a position limit signal from the position sensor and control the servo valve and the fluid pump based on the position limit signal. 73. The rotary actuator system of claim 68, wherein the first seal is disposed about an interior surface of the open end. 74. The rotary actuator system of claim 68, wherein the first seal is disposed about the periphery of the first piston. 75. The rotary actuator system of claim 68, wherein the first housing is formed as a one-piece housing. 76. The rotary actuator system of claim 68, wherein the first seal is a one-piece seal. 77. The rotary actuator system of claim 68, wherein the first rotor arm is coupled to a flight control surface of an aircraft. 78. The rotary actuator system of claim 77, wherein the first rotor arm is coupled to a primary flight control surface of an aircraft. 79. The rotary actuator system of claim 68, wherein the central pressure source comprises a central hydraulic system of an aircraft. 80. The rotary actuator system of claim 68, further comprising: a central actuation assembly including a central mounting point formed in an external surface of the rotary output shaft, said central mounting point proximal to the longitudinal midpoint of the rotary output shaft; andan actuation arm removably attached at a proximal end to the central mounting point, said actuation arm adapted at a distal end for attachment to an external mounting feature of a member to be actuated. 81. A method of rotary actuation comprising: providing a rotary actuator comprising: a first housing defining a first arcuate chamber comprising a first cavity, a second cavity, a first fluid port in fluid communication with the first cavity, a second fluid port in fluid communication with the second cavity, a first open end, and a second open end;a rotor assembly rotatably journaled in said first housing and comprising a rotary output shaft, a first rotor arm extending radially outward from the rotary output shaft, and a second rotor arm extending radially outward from the rotary output shaft;an arcuate-shaped first piston disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the first arcuate chamber through the first open end, wherein a first seal, the first cavity, and the first piston define a first pressure chamber, and a first portion of the first piston contacts the first rotor arm;an arcuate-shaped second piston disposed in said second housing for reciprocal movement in the second arcuate chamber through the second open end, wherein a second seal, the second cavity, and the second piston define a second pressure chamber, and a second portion of the second piston contacts the second rotor arm;a first fluid line coupled to the first fluid port;a second fluid line coupled to the second fluid port;a high pressure fluid line; anda low pressure fluid line;providing a central pressure source coupled to the high pressure fluid line;providing a servo valve positioned between the central pressure source and the hydraulic actuator;providing a first controller coupled to control the servo valve;providing a fluid reservoir;providing a fluid pump coupled to the fluid reservoir;providing a second controller coupled to control the fluid pump;controlling, by the first controller, the servo valve to selectively provide high pressure to the first fluid line to apply pressurized fluid to the first pressure chamber;controlling, by the second controller, the fluid pump to selectively provide high pressure to the second fluid line to apply pressurized fluid to the second pressure chamber; andurging the second piston partially outward from the second pressure chamber to urge rotation of the rotary output shaft in a first direction. 82. The method of claim 81, wherein the fluid pump is not connected to a central hydraulic system. 83. The method of claim 81 further comprising: providing a position sensor configured to provide a position feedback signal indicative of a position of the rotary actuator;receiving, at the first controller and the second controller, position feedback signal from the position sensor;controlling, by first controller, the servo valve based on the position feedback signal; andcontrolling, by the second controller, the fluid pump based on the position feedback signal. 84. The method of claim 83, wherein the position sensor is coupled to the rotary output shaft, wherein the first controller, the servo, and the position sensor comprise a first feedback loop and the second controller, the fluid pump, and the position sensor comprise a second feedback loop. 85. The method of claim 83, wherein the position sensor is a position limit sensor, and the first controller and the second controller are further configured to receive a position limit signal from the position sensor and control the servo valve and the fluid pump based on the position limit signal. 86. The method of claim 83, wherein the first seal is disposed about an interior surface of the open end. 87. The method of claim 83, wherein the first seal is disposed about the periphery of the first piston. 88. The method of claim 83, wherein the first housing is formed as a one-piece housing. 89. The method of claim 83, wherein the first seal is a one-piece seal. 90. The method of claim 83, wherein the first rotor arm is coupled to a flight control surface of an aircraft. 91. The method of claim 90, wherein the first rotor arm is coupled to a primary flight control surface of an aircraft. 92. The method of claim 81, wherein the central pressure source comprises a central hydraulic system of an aircraft. 93. The method of claim 81, wherein urging the first piston partially outward from the first pressure chamber to urge rotation of the rotary output shaft in a first direction further comprises urging rotation of the rotary output shaft to control at least one of the group consisting of rotary output shaft speed, rotary output shaft position, rotary output shaft torque, and rotary output shaft acceleration. 94. The method of claim 81, further comprising: providing a central actuation assembly including a central mounting point formed in an external surface of the rotary output shaft, said central mounting point proximal to the longitudinal midpoint of the rotary output shaft;providing an actuation arm removably attached at a proximal end to the central mounting point, said actuation arm adapted at a distal end for attachment to an external mounting feature of a member to be actuated;urging rotation of the actuation arm; andurging motion of the member to be actuated.
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