The Arizona Board of Regents on Behalf of The University of Arizona
대리인 / 주소
Davison, Barry L.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
60
초록▼
A phoropter having a line of sight for a viewer to see through comprises a lens system in the line of sight, wherein a shape or focal length of at least one lens in the lens system is controllable by means of an electrical signal, electrical field or current. Wavefront sensors of the phoropter detec
A phoropter having a line of sight for a viewer to see through comprises a lens system in the line of sight, wherein a shape or focal length of at least one lens in the lens system is controllable by means of an electrical signal, electrical field or current. Wavefront sensors of the phoropter detect local tilts of light wavefronts emerging from the eye and generate output signals that are used for controlling the shape or focal length of the at least one lens. Holographic or diffractive elements are used to collect light scattered from an eye of the viewer and image the scattered light to the wavefront sensors. Preferably one or more of the holographic or diffractive elements are away from the line of sight of the viewer. To use the phoropter, light is passed to the lens system, and light scattered by the eye is collected by the holographic or diffractive elements and imaged onto the wavefront sensors.
대표청구항▼
1. A phoropter having a line of sight for a viewer to see through, comprising: a lens system in the line of sight, wherein a shape or focal length of at least one lens in the lens system is controllable by means of an electrical signal, field or current;wavefront sensors configured to detect local t
1. A phoropter having a line of sight for a viewer to see through, comprising: a lens system in the line of sight, wherein a shape or focal length of at least one lens in the lens system is controllable by means of an electrical signal, field or current;wavefront sensors configured to detect local tilts of light wavefronts emerging from the eye and generate output signals for controlling the shape or focal length of said at least one lens; andone or more holographic or diffractive elements away from the line of sight configured to collect light scattered from an eye of the viewer and image the scattered light to said wavefront sensors, and wherein the phoropter is configured with no mirror element in the line of sight. 2. The phoropter of claim 1, further comprising an infrared or near infrared light source configured to illuminate the eye, wherein infrared or near infrared light scattered by the eye and imaged onto the wavefront sensors by the holographic elements causes the wavefront sensors to generate said output signals. 3. The phoropter of claim 2, wherein the holographic or diffractive elements are substantially transparent to and do not image visible light onto the wavefront sensors. 4. The phoropter of claim 2, further comprising a beam splitter in the line of sight to direct the infrared or near infrared light and pass visible light to the eye in the line of sight and to pass the scattered infrared or near infrared light to the holographic or diffractive elements. 5. The phoropter of claim 2, wherein said infrared or near infrared light source is configured to supply polarized light to the eye, and one of the holographic or diffractive elements is located in the line of sight, said one of the holographic elements having a layer that diffracts the polarized infrared or near infrared light from the source. 6. The phoropter of claim 1, said phoropter capable of measuring a spherical refractive error from −25 to 25 D. 7. The phoropter of claim 1, said phoropter capable of measuring cylindrical refractive error from −8 to 8 D, said phoropter further capable of measuring higher order aberrations. 8. The phoropter of claim 1, wherein the at least one lens in the lens system changes shape in response to a flow of fluid into or out of the at least one lens, said phoropter further comprising a pump configured to fluid to and withdraw fluid from the at least one lens to change its shape. 9. The phoropter of claim 8, further comprising a computer configured to compare the output signals to signals generated for a model eye and provide said electrical signal to control the pump. 10. A binocular phoropter having a line of sight for a viewer to see through, comprising two phoropters located adjacent to each other, for simultaneous viewing by both eyes of a viewer, wherein each of the two phoropters comprises: a lens system in the line of sight, wherein a shape or focal length of at least one lens in the lens system is controllable by means of an electrical signal, field or current;wavefront sensors configured to detect local tilts of light wavefronts and generate output signals for controlling the shape or focal length of said at least one lens; andone or more holographic or diffractive elements away from the line of sight configured to collect light scattered from an eye of the viewer and image the scattered light to said wavefront sensors, and wherein the phoropter is configured with no mirror element in the line of sight. 11. The binocular phoropter of claim 10, wherein a distance between the two phoropters is adjustable. 12. The binocular phoropter of claim 10, further comprising a helmet that houses said two phoropters. 13. A phoropter having a line of sight for a viewer to see through, comprising: a lens system in the line of sight, wherein a shape or focal length of at least one lens in the lens system is controllable by means of an electrical signal, field or current;wavefront sensors configured to detect local tilts of light wavefronts and generate output signals for controlling the shape or focal length of said at least one lens; andholographic or diffractive elements away from the line of sight configured to collect light scattered from an eye of the viewer and image the scattered light to said wavefront sensors, and wherein the phoropter is configured with no mirror element in the line of sight. 14. A method for detecting refractive error of an eye, comprising: passing light scattered from the eye through a lens system comprising at least one lens in the lens system controllable by means of an electrical signal, field or current;conveying light scattered from the eye that passed through the lens system to wavefront sensors by one or more holographic or diffractive elements away from line of sight of the eye, wherein said conveying is in the absence of a mirror element in the line of sight, said elements imaging the scattered light to said wavefront sensors, and causing said sensors to provide output signals containing information on local tilts of light wavefronts emerging from the eye;comparing said output signals to reference signals of an eye model to provide correction signals; andadjusting a shape or focal length of the at least one lens in response to the correction signals to reduce the local tilts of light wavefronts emerging from the eye.
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