Three-dimensional space frames assembled from component pieces and methods for making the same
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
E04B-001/19
C23C-008/22
C23C-008/26
C23C-008/32
출원번호
US-0915154
(2014-08-27)
등록번호
US-9745736
(2017-08-29)
국제출원번호
PCT/US2014/052936
(2014-08-27)
국제공개번호
WO2015/073098
(2015-05-21)
발명자
/ 주소
Wadley, Haydn N. G.
Dong, Liang
출원인 / 주소
University of Virginia Patent Foundation
대리인 / 주소
Decker, Robert J.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
1인용 특허 :
33
초록▼
A method for producing three-dimensional space frames or truss structures from simpler components and space frames or truss structures produced by the associated method. The various components, which may be made from virtually any material, are shaped in such a way so that they may be fitted togethe
A method for producing three-dimensional space frames or truss structures from simpler components and space frames or truss structures produced by the associated method. The various components, which may be made from virtually any material, are shaped in such a way so that they may be fitted together to create a space frame or truss structure. The components may be held together by any available attachment means, or by the interaction of the components themselves. The method and associated components allows for the assembly of three-dimensional space frames or truss structures from planar materials, significantly reducing cost and manufacturing time. These space frames or trusses can then be used as structural members, as the interior load-bearing portions of sandwich panels, or in any situation where high-strength and light weight are desirable.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for producing a space frame, said method comprising: providing a plurality of first members comprising alternating linear struts with inflection areas between said alternating linear struts, said first members having an anterior surface and a posterior surface, a recess at each said infl
1. A method for producing a space frame, said method comprising: providing a plurality of first members comprising alternating linear struts with inflection areas between said alternating linear struts, said first members having an anterior surface and a posterior surface, a recess at each said inflection area of said first members to define an inflection recess, all of said inflection recesses disposed along said anterior surface of said first member;arranging said plurality of said first members into an array with a first portion of said plurality of said first members arrayed substantially parallel to one another; and arranging a second portion of said plurality of said first members arrayed substantially orthogonal to said arrayed first portion of said plurality of said first members, so as to define an intersecting array structure; wherein said first portion of said plurality of said first members is inverted with respect to said second portion of said plurality of said first members so that said anterior surfaces of said first portion of said plurality of said first members are in communication with said anterior surfaces of said second portion of said plurality of said first members;said first portion of said plurality of said first members and said second portion of said plurality of said first members aligned so that said inflection recesses of said inflection areas of said first portion of said plurality of said first members are in communication with said inflection recesses of said inflection areas of said second portion of said plurality of said first members to define a tenon or tenon-like structure;providing a lattice shape member comprising struts disposed between nodes, each of said nodes having a mortise recess configured to interface with said tenon or tenon-like structures, said struts configured such that said nodes are located such that said mortise recesses are properly spaced so as to communicate with said tenons or tenon-like structures from the array comprised of said plurality of said first members; anddisposing said lattice shape member such that said mortise recess of said nodes are in communication with said tenons or tenon-like structures to provide said space frame. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said providing a plurality of first members comprises: producing said plurality of first members from a substantially planar material. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein said producing includes cutting. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein said producing includes machining. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein said producing includes stamping. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein said providing a plurality of first members comprises molding said plurality of first members. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein said providing a plurality of first members comprises casting said plurality of first members. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein said providing a plurality of first members comprises forging said plurality of first members. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein said providing a plurality of first members comprises sintering said plurality of first members. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein said providing a lattice shape member comprises: producing said lattice shape member from a substantially planar material. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein said producing includes cutting. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein said producing includes machining. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein said producing includes stamping. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein said providing a lattice shape member comprises molding said lattice shape member. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein said providing a lattice shape member comprises casting said lattice shape member. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein said providing a lattice shape member comprises forging said lattice shape member. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein said providing a lattice shape member comprises sintering said lattice shape member. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises titanium. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises aluminum. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises steel. 21. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises a metal. 22. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises an alloy. 23. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises stainless steel. 24. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises carbon fiber. 25. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises a ceramic. 26. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises a polymer. 27. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises a cermet. 28. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises a glass. 29. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises a composite material. 30. The method of claim 1, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure provides an interface that comprises a joint. 31. The method of claim 1, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure provides an interface that comprises a halved-joint. 32. The method of claim 1, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure provides an interface that is brazed. 33. The method of claim 1, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure provides an interface that is bonded. 34. The method of claim 1, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure provides an interface that is glued. 35. The method of claim 1, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure provides an interface that is diffusion bonded. 36. The method of claim 1, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure provides an interface that is held together by sintered powder. 37. The method of claim 1, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure provides an interface that is epoxied. 38. The method of claim 1, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure provides an interface that is pinned. 39. The method of claim 1, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure provides an interface that is wedged. 40. The method of claim 1, wherein said inflection recesses snap together to form said tenon or tenon-like structure. 41. The method of claim 1, wherein a friction fit of said inflection recesses form said tenon or tenon-like structure. 42. The method of claim 1, wherein an interference fit of said inflection recesses form said tenon or tenon-like structure. 43. The method of claim 1, wherein said communication of said mortise recess and said tenons or tenon-like structures comprises a joint. 44. The method of claim 43, wherein said joint is brazed. 45. The method of claim 43, wherein said joint is bonded. 46. The method of claim 43, wherein said joint is glued. 47. The method of claim 43, wherein said joint is diffusion bonded. 48. The method of claim 43, wherein said joint is held together by sintered powder. 49. The method of claim 43, wherein said joint is epoxied. 50. The method of claim 43, wherein said joint is pinned. 51. The method of claim 43, wherein said joint is wedged. 52. The method of claim 43, wherein said joint snaps together. 53. The method of claim 43, wherein said joint comprises a friction fit. 54. The method of claim 43, wherein said joint comprises an interference fit. 55. The method of claim 1, wherein said space frame comprises a plurality of octet unit cells. 56. The method of claim 1, wherein said space frame comprises a plurality of octahedron unit cells. 57. The method of claim 1, wherein said space frame comprises a plurality of cubed unit cells. 58. The method of claim 1, wherein said space frame comprises a plurality of pyramid unit cells. 59. The method of claim 1, wherein said space frame comprises a plurality of tetrahedron unit cells. 60. The method of claim 1, wherein said space frame comprises a plurality of diamond unit cells. 61. The method of claim 1, wherein said inflection recesses are configured to interface with other said inflection recesses. 62. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of said inflection recesses of comprises a slot. 63. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of said inflection recesses comprises a notch. 64. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of said inflection recesses comprises a groove. 65. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of said inflection recesses comprises an aperture. 66. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of said inflection recesses comprises a passage. 67. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of said mortise recesses comprises a slot. 68. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of said mortise recesses comprises a notch. 69. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of said mortise recesses comprises a groove. 70. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of said mortise recesses comprises an aperture. 71. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of said mortise recesses comprises a passage. 72. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of said mortise recesses passes fully through said lattice shape member. 73. The method of claim 1, wherein said space frame is configured for use in a sandwich panel. 74. The method of claim 1, wherein said space frame is configured for use in communication with a plate. 75. The method of claim 1, wherein said space frame is configured for use in communication with a substrate. 76. The method of claim 75, wherein said substrate is a piece of equipment. 77. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one said lattice shape member is replaced by a substrate. 78. The method of claim 77, wherein said substrate is a plate. 79. The method of claim 77, wherein said substrate is a sheet. 80. A space frame device assembled from components, wherein said space frame device comprising: a plurality of first members comprising alternating linear struts with inflection areas between said alternating linear struts, said first members having an anterior surface and a posterior surface, a recess at each said inflection area of said first members to define an inflection recess, all of said inflection recesses disposed along said anterior surface of said first member;said plurality of said first members in an array with a first portion of said plurality of said first members arrayed substantially parallel to one another, with a second portion of said plurality of said first members arrayed substantially orthogonal to said arrayed first portion of said plurality of said first members, so as to define an intersecting array structure; said first portion of said plurality of said first members inverted with respect to said second portion of said plurality of said first members so that said anterior surfaces of said first portion of said plurality of said first members are in communication with said anterior surfaces of said second portion of said plurality of said first members;said first portion of said plurality of said first members and said second portion of said plurality of said first members aligned so that said inflection recesses of said inflection areas of said first portion of said plurality of said first members are in communication with said inflection recesses of said inflection areas of said second portion of said plurality of said first members to define a tenon or tenon-like structure; anda lattice shape member comprising struts disposed between nodes, each of said nodes having a mortise recess configured to interface with said tenon or tenon-like structures, said struts configured such that said nodes are aligned such that said mortise recesses are in communication with said tenons or tenon-like structures from the array comprised of said plurality of said first members. 81. The device of claim 80, wherein said plurality of first members are produced from a substantially planar material. 82. The device of claim 81, wherein said production of said plurality of first members includes cutting. 83. The device of claim 81, wherein said production of said plurality of first members includes machining. 84. The device of claim 81, wherein said production of said plurality of first members includes stamping. 85. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said plurality of first members is molded. 86. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said plurality of first members is cast. 87. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said plurality of first members is forged. 88. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said plurality of first members is produced through sintering. 89. The device of claim 80, wherein said lattice shape member is produced from a substantially planar material. 90. The device of claim 89, wherein said production of said lattice shape member includes cutting. 91. The device of claim 89, wherein said production of said lattice shape member includes machining. 92. The device of claim 89, wherein said production of said lattice shape member includes stamping. 93. The device of claim 80, wherein said lattice shape member is molded. 94. The device of claim 80, wherein said lattice shape member is cast. 95. The device of claim 80, wherein said lattice shape member is forged. 96. The device of claim 80, wherein said lattice shape member is produced through sintering. 97. The device of claim 80, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises titanium. 98. The device of claim 80, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises aluminum. 99. The device of claim 80, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises steel. 100. The device of claim 80, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises a metal. 101. The device of claim 80, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises an alloy. 102. The device of claim 80, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises stainless steel. 103. The device of claim 80, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises carbon fiber. 104. The device of claim 80, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises a ceramic. 105. The device of claim 80, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises a polymer. 106. The device of claim 80, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises a cermet. 107. The device of claim 80, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises a glass. 108. The device of claim 80, wherein at least a portion of said space frame comprises a composite material. 109. The device of claim 80, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure comprises a joint. 110. The device of claim 80, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure comprises a halved-joint. 111. The device of claim 80, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure is brazed. 112. The device of claim 80, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure is bonded. 113. The device of claim 80, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure is glued. 114. The device of claim 80, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure is diffusion bonded. 115. The device of claim 80, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure is held together by sintered powder. 116. The device of claim 80, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure is epoxied. 117. The device of claim 80, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure is pinned. 118. The device of claim 80, wherein said tenon or tenon-like structure is wedged. 119. The device of claim 80, wherein said inflection recesses snap together. 120. The device of claim 80, wherein said tenon or tenon like structure comprises a friction fit. 121. The device of claim 80, wherein said communication of said inflection recesses comprises an interference fit. 122. The device of claim 80, wherein said communication of said mortise recesses and said tenons or tenon-like structures comprises a joint. 123. The device of claim 122, wherein said joint is brazed. 124. The device of claim 122, wherein said joint is bonded. 125. The device of claim 122, wherein said joint is glued. 126. The device of claim 122, wherein said joint is diffusion bonded. 127. The device of claim 122, wherein said joint is held together by sintered powder. 128. The device of claim 122, wherein said joint is epoxied. 129. The device of claim 122, wherein said joint is pinned. 130. The device of claim 122, wherein said joint is wedged. 131. The device of claim 122, wherein said joint snaps together. 132. The device of claim 122, wherein said joint comprises a friction fit. 133. The device of claim 122, wherein said joint comprises an interference fit. 134. The device of claim 80, wherein said space frame comprises a plurality of octet unit cells. 135. The device of claim 80, wherein said space frame comprises a plurality of octahedron unit cells. 136. The device of claim 80, wherein said space frame comprises a plurality of cubed unit cells. 137. The device of claim 80, wherein said space frame comprises a plurality of pyramid unit cells. 138. The device of claim 80, wherein said space frame comprises a plurality of tetrahedron unit cells. 139. The device of claim 80, wherein said space frame comprises a plurality of diamond unit cells. 140. The device of claim 80, wherein said inflection recesses are configured to interface with other said inflection recesses. 141. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said inflection recesses comprises a slot. 142. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said inflection recesses comprises a notch. 143. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said inflection recesses comprises a groove. 144. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said inflection recesses comprises an aperture. 145. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said inflection recesses comprises a passage. 146. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said mortise recesses comprises a slot. 147. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said mortise recesses comprises a notch. 148. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said mortise recesses comprises a groove. 149. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said mortise recesses comprises an aperture. 150. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said mortise recesses comprises a passage. 151. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one of said mortise recesses passes fully through said lattice shape member. 152. The device of claim 80, wherein said space frame is configured for use in a sandwich panel. 153. The device of claim 80, wherein said space frame is configured for use in communication with a plate. 154. The device of claim 80, wherein said space frame is configured for use in communication with a substrate. 155. The device of claim 154, wherein said substrate is a piece of equipment. 156. The device of claim 80, wherein at least one said lattice shape member is replaced by a substrate. 157. The device of claim 156, wherein said substrate is a plate. 158. The device of claim 156, wherein said substrate is a sheet. 159. A method for producing a space frame, said method comprising: providing a plurality of first members comprising alternating struts with inflection areas between said alternating struts, said first members having an anterior surface and a posterior surface, a recess at each said inflection area of said first members to define an inflection recess, all of said inflection recesses disposed along said anterior surface of said first member;arranging said plurality of said first members into an array with a first portion of said plurality of said first members arrayed substantially parallel to one another, and arranging a second portion of said plurality of said first members arrayed substantially orthogonal to said arrayed first portion of said plurality of said first members, so as to define an intersecting array structure; wherein said first portion of said plurality of said first members is inverted with respect to said second portion of said plurality of said first members so that said anterior surfaces of said first portion of said plurality of said first members are in communication with said anterior surfaces of said second portion of said plurality of said first members;said first portion of said plurality of said first members and said second portion of said plurality of said first members aligned so that said inflection recesses of said inflection areas of said first portion of said plurality of said first members are in communication with said inflection recesses of said inflection areas of said second portion of said plurality of said first members to define a tenon or tenon-like structure;providing an intermediate member comprising mortise recesses configured to interface with said tenon or tenon-like structures, said intermediate member configured such that said mortise recesses are properly spaced so as to communicate with said tenons or tenon-like structures from the array comprised of said plurality of said first members; anddisposing said intermediate member such that said mortise recess are in communication with said tenons or tenon-like structures to provide said space frame. 160. The method of claim 159, wherein said alternating struts comprise one of the following: linear, curved, or a combination of curved and linear. 161. The method of claim 159, wherein said intermediate member comprises a substantially planar member or a lattice member. 162. A device having a space frame assembled from components, wherein said space frame comprising: a plurality of first members comprising alternating struts with inflection areas between said alternating struts, said first members having an anterior surface and a posterior surface, a recess at each said inflection area of said first members to define an inflection recess, all of said inflection recesses disposed along said anterior surface of said first member;said plurality of said first members in an array with a first portion of said plurality of said first members arrayed substantially parallel to one another, with a second portion of said plurality of said first members arrayed substantially orthogonal to said arrayed first portion of said plurality of said first members, so as to define an intersecting array structure; said first portion of said plurality of said first members inverted with respect to said second portion of said plurality of said first members so that said anterior surfaces of said first portion of said plurality of said first members are in communication with said anterior surfaces of said second portion of said plurality of said first members;said first portion of said plurality of said first members and said second portion of said plurality of said first members aligned so that said inflection recesses of said inflection areas of said first portion of said plurality of said first members are in communication with said inflection recesses of said inflection areas of said second portion of said plurality of said first members to define a tenon or tenon-like structure; andan intermediate member comprising mortise recesses configured to interface with said tenon or tenon-like structures, said intermediate member configured such that said mortise recesses are in communication with said tenons or tenon-like structures from the array comprised of said plurality of said first members. 163. The device of claim 162, wherein said alternating struts comprise one of the following: linear, curved, or a combination of curved and linear. 164. The device of claim 162, wherein said intermediate member comprises a substantially planar member or a lattice member.
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