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A supercharger assembly includes a supercharger in series with an engine that has a crankshaft and has an air intake manifold defining a plenum through which air flow is provided to the engine. A supercharger is upstream of the plenum in air flow to the engine and has a first rotor rotatable with a

A supercharger assembly includes a supercharger in series with an engine that has a crankshaft and has an air intake manifold defining a plenum through which air flow is provided to the engine. A supercharger is upstream of the plenum in air flow to the engine and has a first rotor rotatable with a first shaft and a second rotor rotatable with a second shaft. The supercharger assembly also includes an electric motor-generator that is selectively alternately operable as a motor and as a generator, and a planetary gearing arrangement having a first member operatively connected to the electric motor-generator, a second member connectable to be rotated by the engine crankshaft, and a third member operatively connected for rotation with the first shaft. The supercharger assembly has only two selectively engageable torque-transmitting mechanisms and a control system configured to control the electric motor-generator and the torque-transmitting mechanisms.

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1. A supercharger assembly for an engine having a crankshaft and an air intake manifold defining a plenum through which air flow is provided to the engine, the supercharger assembly comprising: a supercharger upstream of the plenum in the air flow to the engine, wherein the supercharger has a first

1. A supercharger assembly for an engine having a crankshaft and an air intake manifold defining a plenum through which air flow is provided to the engine, the supercharger assembly comprising: a supercharger upstream of the plenum in the air flow to the engine, wherein the supercharger has a first rotor mounted on and rotatable with a first shaft and a second rotor meshing with the first rotor and mounted on and rotatable with a second shaft via rotation of the first shaft;an electric motor-generator selectively operable as a motor and as a generator;a planetary gearing arrangement having a first member operatively connected to be rotated by the electric motor-generator, a second member connectable to be rotated by the engine crankshaft, and a third member operatively connected for rotation with the first shaft;two selectively engageable torque-transmitting mechanisms including a clutch selectively engageable to operatively connect the second member for rotation with the engine crankshaft, and a brake selectively engageable to hold the first shaft stationary; anda control system configured to control the electric motor-generator, the brake and the clutch to achieve different operating modes;wherein the control system is configured to engage the brake and control the electric motor-generator to function as the generator with torque applied to the electric motor-generator in a reverse direction than a direction of torque supplied by the electric motor-generator when the electric motor-generator functions as a motor, thereby applying reverse torque to the crankshaft and storing electric energy generated by the electric motor-generator in an energy storage device. 2. The supercharger assembly of claim 1, wherein at least one vehicle accessory is operatively connected to the second member; and wherein the control system is configured to disengage the clutch when the engine is off, and control the electric motor-generator to function as a motor to power said at least one vehicle accessory in an engine-off operating mode. 3. The supercharger assembly of claim 1, wherein the control system is configured to engage both the brake and the clutch and control the electric motor-generator to function as a motor to start the engine through the planetary gearing arrangement in an engine-start operating mode. 4. The supercharger assembly of claim 1, wherein the control system is configured to engage only the clutch when the engine is on and control the electric motor-generator to function as a motor, both engine torque and electric motor-generator torque thus driving the supercharger in an engine boost operating mode. 5. The supercharger assembly of claim 4, wherein the control system is configured to vary a speed of the electric motor-generator to control engine boost provided by the supercharger based on engine torque demand during the engine boost operating mode. 6. The supercharger assembly of claim 4, wherein the supercharger assembly further comprises: a bypass passage configured to permit air to flow from an inlet of the supercharger to the plenum, bypassing the first and second rotors; anda bypass valve operable to control airflow through the bypass passage;wherein the control system is configured to control a position of the bypass valve during the engine boost operating mode to adjust a pressure of air in the plenum as engine torque demand varies. 7. The supercharger assembly of claim 1, wherein the engine has a throttle body and a throttle valve in the throttle body; wherein the plenum is downstream of the throttle body in air flow to the engine; wherein the supercharger is in series with the throttle valve in air flow to the engine and further comprising: an energy storage device operatively connected to the electric motor-generator for supplying electric power to the electric motor-generator when the electric motor-generator functions as a motor and for receiving electric power from the electric motor-generator when the electric motor-generator functions as the generator;wherein the control system is configured to control the electric motor-generator to function as the generator, and to move the throttle valve to a relatively open position so that torque due to a throttling pressure drop across the supercharger is provided from the supercharger to the electric motor-generator through the planetary gearing arrangement, throttling losses thus being captured as electric energy in the energy storage device. 8. The supercharger assembly of claim 7, wherein the control system is configured to alternately control the electric motor-generator to function as a motor, engage the brake, open a bypass valve, and position the throttle valve to a relatively closed position managing the throttling pressure drop, when a state of charge of the energy storage device reaches a predetermined maximum so that the motor-generator drives the crankshaft until the state of charge of the energy storage device reaches a predetermined minimum, and then control the electric motor-generator to function as the generator, move the throttle valve to the relatively open position so that torque due to the throttling pressure drop across the supercharger is provided from the supercharger to the electric motor-generator through the planetary gearing arrangement. 9. The supercharger assembly of claim 1, further comprising: a housing assembly having:a rotor housing portion configured to radially surround the first and second rotors; andan inlet cover portion configured to attach to the rotor housing portion such that the first shaft extends from within the rotor housing portion into the inlet cover portion and is supported by the inlet cover portion; wherein the inlet cover portion at least partially defines an air inlet passage through which air is provided to the rotors; and wherein the inlet cover portion further defines a cavity and supports the brake within the cavity. 10. The supercharger assembly of claim 9, wherein the inlet cover portion partially defines a bypass passage configured to divert air from the air inlet passage to a throttle body, bypassing the rotors; and a bypass valve positioned in the bypass passage and operable to control airflow through the bypass passage. 11. The supercharger assembly of claim 1, further comprising: a coupling member operatively connecting the third member with the first shaft; a housing assembly having: a rotor housing portion configured to radially surround the first and second rotors;a motor housing portion that has an opening aligned with an end of the rotor housing portion; anda gear cover portion that mounts to the motor housing portion such that the first shaft extends from within the rotor housing portion to the coupling member at the opening in the motor housing portion; and wherein the gear cover portion is configured to house the planetary gearing arrangement. 12. The supercharger assembly of claim 11, wherein the motor housing portion is configured to be attached to the electric motor-generator; and further comprising a gear train positioned within the gear cover portion and having a first gear member connected for rotation with the electric motor-generator and a second gear member connected for rotation with the first member of the planetary gearing arrangement, the gear train thereby transferring torque between the planetary gearing arrangement and the electric motor-generator. 13. The supercharger assembly of claim 11, further comprising: a pulley having a pulley shaft supported by the gear cover portion; wherein the pulley shaft is connected for rotation with the second member; wherein the pulley is operatively connected to the crankshaft; andan oil slinger mounted to the pulley shaft and opening toward the planetary gearing arrangement and configured to direct fluid within the gear cover portion onto the planetary gearing arrangement. 14. The supercharger assembly of claim 1, further comprising: a gear cover portion configured to house the planetary gearing arrangement;a pulley having a pulley shaft; andbearings supporting the pulley shaft for rotation relative to the gear cover portion; wherein the pulley shaft is connected for rotation with the second member;wherein the pulley is operatively connectable to the crankshaft;wherein the gear cover portion has integral ribs and a passage; wherein the ribs are positioned to collect lubricating oil and direct the lubricating oil to the bearings through the passage. 15. The supercharger assembly of claim 1, further comprising: a rotor housing portion configured to radially surround the first and second rotors and at least partially defining an air inlet and an air outlet; andan outlet component including an outlet opening; wherein the outlet component is configured to attach to the rotor housing portion with the outlet opening in fluid communication with the air outlet; and wherein the air outlet and the outlet opening both have an identical pentagon shape. 16. A supercharger assembly for an engine having a crankshaft and an air intake manifold defining a plenum through which air flow is provided to the engine, the supercharger assembly comprising: a supercharger upstream of the plenum in the air flow to the engine, wherein the supercharger has a first rotor mounted on and rotatable with a first shaft and asecond rotor meshing with the first rotor and mounted on and rotatable with asecond shaft via rotation of the first shaft;an electric motor-generator selectively operable as a motor and as a generator;a planetary gearing arrangement having a first member operatively connected to be rotated by the electric motor-generator, a second member connectable to berotated by the engine crankshaft, and a third member operatively connected forrotation with the first shaft;a housing assembly having: a rotor housing portion configured to radially surround the first and second rotors; andan inlet cover portion configured to attach to the rotor housing portion such that the first shaft extends from within the rotor housing portion into the inlet cover portion and is supported by the inlet cover portion; wherein the inlet cover portion at least partially defines an air inlet passage through which air is provided to the rotors; and wherein the inlet cover portion further defines a cavity and supports the brake within the cavity; two selectively engageable torque-transmitting mechanisms including a clutch selectively engageable to operatively connect the second member for rotation with the engine crankshaft, and a brake selectively engageable to hold the first shaft stationary; and a control system configured to control the electric motor-generator, the brake and the clutch to achieve different operating modes. 17. The supercharger assembly of claim 16, wherein the inlet cover portion partially defines a bypass passage configured to divert air from the air inlet passage to a throttle body, bypassing the rotors; and a bypass valve positioned in the bypass passage and operable to control airflow through the bypass passage. 18. A supercharger assembly for an engine defining a plenum through which air flows to the engine; the supercharger assembly comprising: a supercharger in series with the plenum in the air flow to the engine, wherein the supercharger has a first rotor mounted on and rotatable with a first shaft and a second rotor meshing with the first rotor and mounted on and rotatable with a second shaft via rotation of the first shaft;a bypass passage operatively connecting an air inlet to a throttle body;a bypass valve positioned in the bypass passage to selectively permit air flow through the bypass passage between the air inlet and the throttle body and bypassing the first and second rotors;an electric motor-generator selectively alternately operable as a motor and as a generator;an energy storage device operatively connected to the electric motor-generator for supplying electric power to the electric motor-generator when the electric motor-generator functions as a motor and for receiving electric power from the electric motor-generator when the electric motor-generator functions as the generator;a planetary gearing arrangement having a first member operatively connected to be rotated by the electric motor-generator, a second member, and a third member operatively connected for rotation with the first shaft;a pulley configured to be operatively connectable to a crankshaft and having a pulley shaft connected for rotation with the second member;a gear train having a first gear member connected for rotation with the electric motor-generator and a second gear member connected for rotation with the third member of the planetary gearing arrangement, the gear train thereby transferring torque between the planetary gearing arrangement and the electric motor-generator;two selectively engageable torque-transmitting mechanisms including an electromagnetic clutch selectively engageable to operatively connect the second member for rotation with the engine crankshaft, and an electromagnetic brake selectively engageable to hold the first shaft stationary; anda control system configured to control the electric motor-generator, the bypass valve, the brake and the clutch to achieve different operating modes. 19. The supercharger assembly of claim 18, further comprising: a housing assembly having:a rotor housing portion configured to radially surround the first and second rotors and having a rotor housing air inlet opening and a rotor housing air outlet at least partially defining an air outlet passage;an inlet cover portion configured to attach to the rotor housing portion such that the first shaft extends into and is supported by the inlet cover portion; wherein the inlet cover portion at least partially defines an air inlet passage through which air is provided to the rotor housing air inlet opening;a motor housing portion that has an opening aligned with the first and second shafts in the rotor housing portion; wherein the motor housing portion is configured to support the electric motor-generator; anda gear cover portion that mounts to the motor housing portion with a coupling member positioned at the opening of the motor housing portion such that the first shaft operatively connects to the third member via the coupling member; wherein the gear cover portion is configured to house the planetary gearing arrangement and support the pulley and the pulley shaft;wherein the housing assembly is configured so that the electric motor-generator and the rotor housing portion are on an opposite side of the gear cover portion than the pulley, the air inlet passage is adjacent to the electric motor-generator and the air outlet passage is on an opposite side of the rotor housing portion than the electric motor-generator. 20. A supercharger assembly for an engine having a crankshaft, a throttle body, an air intake manifold defining a plenum downstream of the throttle body, and a selectively positionable throttle valve in the throttle body controlling air flow to the engine; the supercharger assembly comprising: a Roots-type supercharger in series with the throttle valve upstream of the throttle body in the air flow to the engine; wherein the supercharger has a first rotor mounted on and rotatable with a first shaft and a second rotor meshing with the first rotor and mounted on and rotatable with a second shaft via rotation of the first shaft; a housing assembly defining an air inlet to the supercharger;a bypass passage operatively connecting the air inlet to the throttle body;a bypass valve positioned in the bypass passage to selectively permit air flow through the bypass passage between the air inlet and the throttle body and bypassing the first and second rotors;an electric motor-generator selectively alternately operable as a motor and as a generator;an energy storage device operatively connected to the electric motor-generator for supplying electric power to the electric motor-generator when the electric motor-generator functions as a motor and for receiving electric power from the electric motor-generator when the electric motor-generator functions as the generator;a planetary gearing arrangement having a first member connected to be rotated by the electric motor-generator, a second member connectable to be rotated by the engine crankshaft, and a third member connected for rotation with the first shaft;two selectively engageable torque-transmitting mechanisms consisting of a clutch selectively engageable to operatively connect the second member for rotation with the engine crankshaft, and a brake selectively engageable to hold the first shaft stationary; anda control system configured to control the electric motor-generator, the throttle valve, the bypass valve, the brake and the clutch to achieve an operating mode in which the electric motor-generator starts the engine, an operating mode in which the engine is on and the electric motor-generator varies a speed of the rotors via the planetary gearing arrangement to control air pressure in the plenum, and an operating mode in which air flows to the engine bypasses the rotors through the bypass passage. 21. The supercharger assembly of claim 20, wherein the control system is configured to control the electric motor-generator to function as the generator and the throttle valve is controlled to move to a relatively open position so that torque due to a throttling pressure drop across the supercharger is provided from the supercharger to the electric motor-generator through the planetary gearing arrangement, throttling losses thus being captured as electric energy, and wherein the control system is configured to control the electric motor-generator to function as the generator and the throttle valve is controlled to move to a relatively open position so that the pressure drop across the supercharger is equal to or greater than the original throttle pressure drop such that the electric motor-generator, through the planetary gearing arrangement, captures the throttling as electric energy.