[특허]Anti-scale electrochemical apparatus with water-splitting ion exchange membrane

Anti-scale electrochemical apparatus with water-splitting ion exchange membrane 원문보기

IPC분류정보
국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	C02F-001/46 B01D-069/04 C02F-001/469 C02F-005/08 C02F-005/10
출원번호	US-0983451 (2015-12-29)
등록번호	US-9757695 (2017-09-12)
발명자 / 주소	Lask, Mauricio Kwok, Dennis Menchung Nyberg, Eric David Tondre, Stephen Leroy
출원인 / 주소	PIONETICS CORPORATION
대리인 / 주소	Janah, Ashok K.
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 0 인용 특허 : 245

초록 ▼

An anti-scale electrochemical apparatus comprises at least one ion exchange cell, each cell comprising a housing having a plurality of openings to receive and release a water stream, inner and outer electrodes in the housing, and a water-splitting membrane between the inner and outer electrodes to treat an influent water stream to form an effluent water stream. A controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite comprising a scale-inhibitor agent and a polymer, is provided in the housing or in the water flow pathway of the electrochemical apparatus. An anti-scale, water splitting ion exchange membrane was also fabricated.

대표청구항 ▼

1. An ion exchange cell comprising: (a) a housing having a plurality of openings to receive and release a water stream;(b) inner and outer electrodes in the housing;(c) a water-splitting membrane between the inner and outer electrodes to treat an influent water stream to form an effluent water stream; and(d) a controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite in the housing, the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite comprising a concentration ratio of a scale-inhibitor agent to a thermoplastic polymer that is sufficiently high to provide an average concentration of at least about 0.5 ppm of the scale-inhibitor agent in a regenerant water stream that is generated during cell regeneration over treatment of the entire volume of water that can be processed by the water-splitting membrane before the water-splitting membrane needs to be replaced. 2. A cell according to claim 1 wherein the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite comprises a concentration ratio of scale-inhibitor agent to thermoplastic polymer that is sufficiently high to dissolve at least about 25% of the scale-inhibitor agent over treatment of the entire volume of water that can be processed by the water-splitting membrane before the water-splitting membrane needs to be replaced. 3. A cell according to claim 1 wherein the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite comprises a concentration ratio of the scale-inhibitor agent to the thermoplastic polymer of from about 20% by volume to about 60% by volume. 4. A cell according to claim 1 wherein the scale-inhibitor agent comprises sodium polyphosphate. 5. A cell according to claim 1 wherein the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite is shaped as a disc, net, rod, band or granule. 6. A cell according to claim 1 wherein the water-splitting membrane is spiral wound to form a cartridge, and the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite is attached to the cartridge. 7. A cell according to claim 1 wherein the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite is located adjacent to the outer electrode. 8. A cell according to claim 1 wherein the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite comprises a surface barrier. 9. An anti-scale electrochemical apparatus comprising: (a) a plurality of ion exchange cells according to claim 1, the ion exchange cells connected to one another to allow regeneration of one ion exchange cell while another ion exchange cell is used to treat water;(b) a power supply to apply a current to the inner and outer electrodes of each ion exchange cell; and(c) a valve system to control a flow of water between the ion exchange cells for water treatment or regeneration. 10. A method of fabricating an anti-scale electrochemical apparatus, the apparatus comprising an ion exchange cell having a housing enclosing a water-splitting membrane between inner and outer electrodes, the method comprising: (a) forming a controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite comprising a scale-inhibitor agent and a thermoplastic polymer such that a concentration ratio of the scale-inhibitor agent to the thermoplastic polymer is sufficiently high to provide an average concentration of at least about 0.5 ppm of the scale-inhibitor agent in a regenerant water stream that is generated during cell regeneration over treatment of the entire volume of water that can be processed by the water-splitting membrane before the water-splitting membrane needs to be replaced;(b) providing the ion exchange cell comprising the housing enclosing the water-splitting membrane between the inner and outer electrodes, the cell having a water flow pathway; and(c) providing the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite in the water flow pathway of the ion exchange cell. 11. A method according to claim 10 comprising shaping the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite by pressure forming. 12. A method according to claim 10 comprising positioning the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite adjacent to the outer electrode in the housing. 13. An anti-scale water-splitting membrane comprises a water-splitting interface formed by contact of (i) an anion exchange layer and ii) a cation exchange layer, wherein either the anion exchange layer or the cation exchange layer comprises a scale-inhibitor agent in a concentration that is sufficiently high to provide an average concentration of at least about 0.5 ppm of the scale-inhibitor agent in a regenerant water stream that is generated during cell regeneration over treatment of the entire volume of water that can be processed by the anti-scale water-splitting membrane before the anti-scale water-splitting membrane needs to be replaced. 14. A membrane according to claim 13 wherein the anion exchange layer comprises the scale-inhibitor agent. 15. A membrane according to claim 13 wherein the scale-inhibitor agent comprises sodium polyphosphate, and wherein the anion exchange layer further comprises a thermoplastic polymer. 16. An ion exchange cell comprising: (a) a housing having a plurality of openings to receive and release a water stream;(b) inner and outer electrodes in the housing; and(c) an anti-scale water-splitting membrane according to claim 13. 17. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the water-splitting membrane is replaced before the membrane exhibits water channeling. 18. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the water-splitting membrane is replaced before the membrane exhibits at least one of (i) a reduction in deionization performance of at least 10%, or (ii) a decrease in flow rate through the membrane of at least 30%. 19. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic polymer comprises a polyolefin. 20. An anti-scale electrochemical apparatus comprising: (a) a plurality of ion exchange cells, each ion exchange cell comprising: (i) a housing having a plurality of openings to receive and release a water stream;(ii) inner and outer electrodes in the housing;(iii) a water-splitting membrane between the inner and outer electrodes to treat an influent water stream to form an effluent water stream; and(b) a power supply to apply a current to the inner and outer electrodes of each ion exchange cell;(c) a valve system to control a flow of water between the ion exchange cells for water treatment or regeneration; and(d) a canister in a water flow pathway of the ion exchange cells or valve system, the canister comprising a controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite, the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite comprising a concentration ratio of a scale-inhibitor agent to a thermoplastic polymer that is sufficiently high to provide an average concentration of at least about 0.5 ppm of the scale-inhibitor agent in a regenerant water stream that is generated during cell regeneration over treatment of the entire volume of water that can be processed by the water-splitting membrane before the water-splitting membrane needs to be replaced. 21. An apparatus according to claim 20 wherein the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite comprises a concentration ratio of the scale-inhibitor agent to the thermoplastic polymer of from about 20% by volume to about 60% by volume. 22. An apparatus according to claim 20 wherein the controlled-release scale-inhibitor composite comprises a thermoplastic polymer comprising a polyolefin. 23. An apparatus according to claim 20 wherein the water-splitting membrane is replaced before the membrane exhibits water channeling. 24. A membrane according to claim 13 comprising a concentration ratio of the scale-inhibitor agent to a thermoplastic polymer of from about 20% by volume to about 60% by volume. 25. A membrane according to claim 24 wherein the thermoplastic polymer comprises a polyolefin. 26. A membrane according to claim 13 wherein the anti-scale water-splitting membrane is replaced before the membrane exhibits water channeling. 27. A cartridge comprising an anti-scale water-splitting membrane according to claim 13, the membrane being spiral wound.

이 특허에 인용된 특허 (245)

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상세보기
Rak Stanley F. (Mundelein IL) Ward Kenneth (Wheeling IL), Method for preparation of semipermeable composite membrane.
상세보기
Chidambaran,Ravi; Raina,Pavan; Sharma,Devesh; Bisht,Narendra Singh, Method for preparing an ion exchange media.
상세보기
Krulik, Gerald A.; Dick, Paul H.; Golden, Josh H.; Jung, Jay; Sverdlov, Gennadiy, Method for simultaneous removal of arsenic and fluoride from aqueous solutions.
상세보기
Yu F. Philip ; Dallmier Anthony W., Method of removing biofilms from surfaces submerged in a fouled water system.
상세보기
Krulik, Gerald A.; Golden, Josh H., Method of treating industrial waste waters.
상세보기
Weinberg, Norman L.; Tomantschger, Klaus; Feldstein, Robert S.; Genders, J. David; Rait, Joseph M., Methods and apparatus for electrolysis of water.
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Hitchems G. Duncan ; Jabs Harry ; Andrews Craig C. ; Murphy Oliver J. ; White William ; Jackson George W. ; Tennakoon Charles L. C., Methods for preparing membranes with fluid distribution passages.
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Martin, Roy, Methods of optimized control of multiple oxidizer feedstreams.
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Goldstein Jonathan M. (Weston MA), Microliter scale electrodialysis apparatus.
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Li-Shiang Liang, Modular filtering system.
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Liang Li-Shiang, Modular filtering system.
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Goldstein Arthur L. (Weston MA) Papastavros Theodore G. (Weston MA) Richard Emery J. (Lynn MA), Multi-port multi-stream valve apparatus.
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Brown, Douglas R., Multi-stage electrodialysis stack electrode reversal system and method of operation.
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Hodgdon Russell B. (Sudbury MA), Nanofiltration apparatus and processes.
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Perialwar Regunathan ; Marcus Donald McLeod, Nonsolvent, sealed septum connection for a water treatment cartridge.
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Hodgdon Russell B. (Sudbury MA) Alexander Samuel S. (Concord MA), Novel bipolar membranes and process of manufacture.
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Thomas ; Jr. Martin (Southbridge MA), One step process for preparing anion exchange polymers.
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Fong Francis K. (West Lafayette IN) Galloway Lory (Wilmington DE), Photoelectrolytic apparatus for water splitting.
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Gallagher Christopher J. (Burlington MA) Wilkins Frederick (Pepperill MA) Ganzi Gary C. (Lexington MA), Polarity reversal and double reversal electrodeionization apparatus and method.
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Jain Surendar M. (Watertown MA), Polarity reversal electrodes.
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Hodgdon Russell B. (Concord MA), Polyamine-polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane for water softening.
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MacDonald Russell J. (Wilmington MA), Polymers prepared from concentrated solutions of N′,N′methylenebisacrylamide.
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Mani Krishnamurthy (Denville NJ) Chlanda Frederick P. (Rockaway NJ), Preparing alkali metal hydroxide by water splitting and hydrolysis.
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McRae Wayne A. (Zurich CHX), Process and apparatus for controlling impurities and pollution from membrane chlor-alkali cells.
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Goldstein Arthur L. (Weston MA) Haber Edgar (Weston MA) Mandle Robert J. (Lexington MA), Process and apparatus for electrically desorbing components selectively sorbed on an electrolytically conducting barrier.
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Goldstein Arthur L. (Weston MA) Haber Edgar (Weston MA) Mandle Robert J. (Lexington MA), Process and apparatus for electrically desorbing components selectively sorbed on an electrolytically conducting barrier.
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Goldstein Arthur L. (Weston MA), Process and apparatus for electrically desorbing components selectively sorbed on granules.
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Buehler ; III Verne T., Process and apparatus for treating waste.
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McRae Wayne A. (Zurich CHX), Process for chloro-alkali electrolysis cell.
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Yoshida Kanji,JPX ; Sumioka Teruaki,JPX ; Xu Haitao,JPX, Process for deactivating or destroying microorganisms.
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MacDonald Russell J. (Watertown MA) Hodgdon Russell B. (Sudbury MA) Alexander Samuel S. (Concord MA), Process for manufacturing continuous supported ion selective membranes using non-polymerizable high boiling point solven.
상세보기
MacDonald Russell J. (Watertown MA) Hodgdon Russell B. (Sudbury MA) Alexander Samuel S. (Concord MA), Process for manufacturing continuous supported ion selective membranes using non-polymerizable high boiling point solven.
상세보기
Papastavros Theodore G. (Weston) Alexander Samuel A. (Concord) Benedict Michael D. (Quincy) Cioffi Vincent (Braintree) Hodgdon Russell B. (Sudbury) Richard Emery (Lynn MA) Tinkham Winslow (Ocala FL), Process for manufacturing continuous, supported polymeric sheet from polymerizable liquid starting materials.
상세보기
Goldstein Arthur J. (Weston MA) Parsi Edgardo J. (Lexington MA), Process for monitoring the quality of water.
상세보기
Susa Thomas J. (West Roxbury MA), Process for preparing microporous polyvinylidene fluoride membranes.
상세보기
Susa Thomas J. (West Roxbury MA), Process for preparing microporous polyvinylidene fluoride membranes.
상세보기
Mani K. N., Process for production of amino acid hydrochloride and caustic via electrodialysis water splitting.
상세보기
Roy Martin, Process for real-time detection and inhibition of localized corrosion.
상세보기
Hong, Sun-Nam; Zhao, Hong W.; DiMassimo, Richard W., Process for removing phosphorus from wastewater utilizing a triple basin wastewater treatment system.
상세보기
Hong,Sun Nan; Zhao,Hong W.; DiMassimo,Richard W., Process for removing phosphorus from wastewater utilizing a triple basin wastewater treatment system.
상세보기
Atnoor Devendra ; Ganzi Gary ; Wood Jonathan ; Zoccolante Gary, Process for removing strong oxidizing agents from liquids.
상세보기
Venkatasubramanian Kalyanasundram (New Brunswick NJ) Jain Surendar M. (Watertown MA) Giuffrida Anthony J. (North Andover MA), Process for the preferential separation of fructose from glucose.
상세보기
Smith, George W., Process for treating BOD-containing wastewater.
상세보기
Katzakian ; Jr. Arthur (Elk Grove CA) McGehee Donald C. (Carmichael CA) Grix Charles E. (Sacramento CA) Brigano Frank A. (Hoffman Estates IL), Processes for deionization and demineralization of fluids.
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Katzakian ; Jr. Arthur ; McGehee Donald C. ; Grix Charles E. ; Brigano Frank A., Processes for deionization and demineralization of fluids.
상세보기
Weinberg, Norman L.; Tomantschger, Klaus; Feldstein, Robert S.; Genders, J. David; Rait, Joseph M., Pulsed power supply for electrochemical cell.
상세보기
Norton William W. (Lincolnshire IL), Purified water storage system with accumulator tank and diaphragm responsive valves.
상세보기
Falcone ; Jr. John L. (Watertown MA), Recovering free organic acids from solutions in which they occur with other organic matter.
상세보기
Sassaman ; Jr. Frank L. ; Filson James L. ; Kemp Philip M., Removing metal ions from wastewater.
상세보기
Schmidt Kenneth A. (Clarendon Hills IL), Removing residual alkali metal ions from demineralized water.
상세보기
Karn William S. (518 Dickson Ave. Pittsburgh PA 15202), Reverse osmosis electrodialysis combined means.
상세보기
Tejeda Alvaro R. (407 Park Ave. South ; Apt. 14F New York NY 10016), Reversible electrolytic system for softening and dealkalizing water.
상세보기
Holmes,Jim; Nyberg,Eric; Evans,Joe, Selectable ion concentrations with electrolytic ion exchange.
상세보기
Jain Surendar (Watertown MA), Selected recovery of proteins from fermentation broths.
상세보기
Waite Warren A. (Burlington MA), Selectively permeable barriers.
상세보기
DeVale, Donald P.; Rak, Stanley F., Self-programmable controller for water conditioner recharging.
상세보기
Jain Surendar M. (Watertown MA), Separation of proteins using electrodialysis - isoelectric focusing combination.
상세보기
Jain Surendar M. (Watertown MA), Separation of proteins using electrodialysis-isoelectric focusing combination.
상세보기
Mani Krishnamurthy N. (Basking Ridge NJ) Chlanda Frederick P. (Rockaway NJ) Chiao Yu-Chih (Bridgewater NJ), Separation/recovery of ammonium salts via electrodialytic water splitting.
상세보기
Krulik, Gerald A., Simultaneous ammonia and fluoride treatment for wastewater.
상세보기
Dege Gerald J. (Parsippany NJ) Liu Kang-Jen (Somerville NJ), Single film, high performance bipolar membrane.
상세보기
Padera Robert F. (Libertyville IL) Miller Daniel C. (Glenview IL), Slotted flow collector/distributor for water treatment tank with one-way valves.
상세보기
Mani Krishnamurthy N. (Denville NJ) Chlanda Frederick P. (Rockaway NJ), Solution mining of sodium minerals with acids generated by electrodialytic water splitting.
상세보기
Sims Keith J. (Framingham MA), Spiral wound pressure membrane module.
상세보기
Goldstein Arthur L. (Weston MA), Structure selective fibrous sorbents and method and apparatus for using the same.
상세보기
Lin Juchui Ray ; Mir Leon ; Zheng Yongchang, Styrene sulfonate cation exchange membrane.
상세보기
Waite Warren A. (Burlington MA), Synthesis of anion exchange polymers employing ditertiary amines.
상세보기
MacDonald Russel J. (Wilmington MA) Hodgdon Russell B. (Sudbury MA), Synthesis of base-stable aliphatic anion exchange polymers.
상세보기
MacDonald Russell J. (Watertown MA), Synthesis of highly cross-linked cation-exchange polymers from an aqueous solution.
상세보기
MacDonald Russell J. (Woburn MA), Synthesis of water soluble cross-linkers and their use in the manufacture of anionic polymers.
상세보기
MacDonald Russell J. (Woburn MA), Synthesis of water soluble cross-linkers and their use in the manufacture of anionic polymers.
상세보기
MacDonald Russell J. (Woburn MA), Synthesis of water soluble cross-linkers and their use in the manufacture of anionic polymers.
상세보기
Pecoraro, Thomas Anthony; Oshen, Steven, System and method for precipitating salts.
상세보기
Krulik, Gerald A.; Sverdlov, Gennadiy; Hannan, William, System and method for removal of fluoride from wastewater using single fluoride sensing electrode.
상세보기
Copa William M. ; Forbess Russell G., System and method for removing volatile compounds from a waste stream.
상세보기
Martin, Roy, System for optimized control of multiple oxidizer feedstreams.
상세보기
Kreusch Edward G. (Arlington Heights IL) Brodzik Bruce F. (Mundelein IL), System for removing iron and/or other chemically reducing substances from potable water.
상세보기
Norton William W. (Lincolnshire IL), System for treating fluids.
상세보기
Hawkins, John; Nyberg, Eric; Kayser, George, Textured ion exchange membranes.
상세보기
Schneider Burnett M. (Wind Lake WI), Thin cell electromembrane separator.
상세보기
McRae Wayne A. (Zurich CHX), Thin film composite membranes from vinyl and related nomomers.
상세보기
Bachman, Gregory W.; Loken, Robert G.; Sterling, Julie G.; Mallmann, Thomas K., Treated ion exchange resin and method for treatment thereof.
상세보기
Lehmann Richard W. ; Forbess Russell G., Two-stage separation process.
상세보기
Yu F. Philip (Aurora IL) McCoy William F. (Naperville IL), Use of the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate as a biofouling control agent.
상세보기
Susan Pilgram ; Kenneth L. Norcross, III ; Reza Shamskhorzani, Wastewater treatment system and method of control.
상세보기
Ilves Juhani E. (1418 Lakeview Dr. Lake Worth FL 33461), Water conditioning apparatus having reaction plates coupled to an astable oscillator.
상세보기
Marcus Donald McLeod, Water filter cartridge having a proportional flow feeder.
상세보기
Primdahl Richard D. ; Squier Dale A. ; Zabinski John, Water filter with pressure actuated flow monitor.
상세보기
Cawlfield David W. (Cleveland TN) Kaczur Jerry J. (Cleveland TN), Water ionizing electrode and electrochemical process for using.
상세보기
Goto Nobutaka,JPX ; Cartwright Peter S., Water processing method.
상세보기
Liang Li-Shiang, Water purification cartridge assembly with unidirectional flow through filter media.
상세보기
Watanabe Kazushige,JPX ; Sato Motoharu,JPX ; Suga Takaaki,JPX, Water purifying apparatus.
상세보기
Zabinski John E. ; Rehfeldt Roger, Water softening apparatus with microprocessor control.
상세보기
Zabinski John E. (Naperville IL), Water softening system with self adjusting rinse cycle.
상세보기
Chili Danilo (Bologna ITX) Bragos Ramon (Barcelona IL ESX) Norton William W. (Lincolnshire IL) Rak Stanley F. (Mundelein IL), Water treatment apparatus.
상세보기
Chili Danilo (Bologna ITX) Bragos Ramon (San Justo Desvern IL ESX) Norton William W. (Lincolnshire IL) Rak Stanley F. (Mundelein IL), Water treatment apparatus.
상세보기
Goto Nobutaka,JPX, Water treatment method and apparatus for water containing oil droplets.
상세보기
Heins, William F., Water treatment method for heavy oil production.
상세보기
John W. Arba ; Gary V. Zoccolante ; Jonathan H. Wood ; Gary C. Ganzi, Water treatment system and process.
상세보기
Algar Brian Edward,GB2, Water treatment system comprising water-soluble glass.
상세보기
Wilkins Frederick C. ; Liang Li-Shiang ; Bendlin Herbert,DEX ; Dupont Stephane,FRX ; Brust Achim,DEX ; Nussbaum Felix,DEX, Water treatment system having dosing control.
상세보기
Rak Stanley F. (Mundelein IL), Water treatment system with preservice rinse.
상세보기
McQuillan Barry W. (San Diego CA) Norman John H. (La Jolla CA), Water-splitting cycle with graphite intercalation compounds.
상세보기
Shelnutt,John A.; Miller,James E.; Wang,Zhongchun; Medforth,Craig J., Water-splitting using photocatalytic porphyrin-nanotube composite devices.
상세보기
Bakke ; Even, Wet electrostatic precipitators.
상세보기
Bakke Even (New Providence NJ), Wet electrostatic precipitators.
상세보기
Bakke Even (New Providence NJ), Wet electrostatic precipitators.
상세보기

IPC	Description
A	생활필수품
A62	인명구조; 소방(사다리 E06C)
A62B	인명구조용의 기구, 장치 또는 방법(특히 의료용에 사용되는 밸브 A61M 39/00; 특히 물에서 쓰이는 인명구조 장치 또는 방법 B63C 9/00; 잠수장비 B63C 11/00; 특히 항공기에 쓰는 것, 예. 낙하산, 투출좌석 B64D; 특히 광산에서 쓰이는 구조장치 E21F 11/00)
A62B-1/08	.. 윈치 또는 풀리에 제동기구가 있는 것

내보내기 구분	파일저장 인쇄 메일전송
구성항목	기본정보 상세정보 관리번호, 국가코드, 자료구분, 상태, 출원번호, 출원일자, 공개번호, 공개일자, 등록번호, 등록일자, 발명명칭(한글), 발명명칭(영문), 출원인(한글), 출원인(영문), 출원인코드, 대표IPC 관리번호, 국가코드, 자료구분, 상태, 출원번호, 출원일자, 공개번호, 공개일자, 공고번호, 공고일자, 등록번호, 등록일자, 발명명칭(한글), 발명명칭(영문), 출원인(한글), 출원인(영문), 출원인코드, 대표출원인, 출원인국적, 출원인주소, 발명자, 발명자E, 발명자코드, 발명자주소, 발명자 우편번호, 발명자국적, 대표IPC, IPC코드, 요약, 미국특허분류, 대리인주소, 대리인코드, 대리인(한글), 대리인(영문), 국제공개일자, 국제공개번호, 국제출원일자, 국제출원번호, 우선권, 우선권주장일, 우선권국가, 우선권출원번호, 원출원일자, 원출원번호, 지정국, Citing Patents, Cited Patents
저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format PIAS분석(.xls)
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

연합인증

Anti-scale electrochemical apparatus with water-splitting ion exchange membrane 원문보기

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Anti-scale electrochemical apparatus with water-splitting ion exchange membrane 원문보기

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연구과제 타임라인

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