Dispersion of microcapsules for self-healing applications
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C08L-059/04
C08L-071/02
C09D-005/00
C09D-161/24
C08L-061/24
출원번호
US-0329740
(2014-07-11)
등록번호
US-9771478
(2017-09-26)
발명자
/ 주소
Wilson, Gerald O.
Kasisomayajula, Subramanyam V.
Blanchette, Ryan T.
출원인 / 주소
Autonomic Materials, Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Schwabe, Williamson & Wyatt, P.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
9
초록▼
Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for increasing microcapsule dispersion in self-healing paint and coating applications, and more particularly for non-covalent functionalization of polymeric microcapsule shell walls for improved dispersion in polymeric material formulations. Some embodim
Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for increasing microcapsule dispersion in self-healing paint and coating applications, and more particularly for non-covalent functionalization of polymeric microcapsule shell walls for improved dispersion in polymeric material formulations. Some embodiments are methods of forming a microcapsule dispersion, the methods including providing a polymeric material capable of forming a plurality of microcapsules; initiating polymerization of the polymeric material under reaction conditions sufficient to permit formation of the plurality of microcapsules; and adding an ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the polymeric material before formation of the plurality of microcapsules is complete, thereby forming the microcapsule dispersion.
대표청구항▼
1. A method of forming a microcapsule dispersion, comprising: providing a material capable of forming a plurality of microcapsules;adding an emulsifier to the material;initiating microcapsule formation in the material under reaction conditions sufficient to permit formation of the plurality of micro
1. A method of forming a microcapsule dispersion, comprising: providing a material capable of forming a plurality of microcapsules;adding an emulsifier to the material;initiating microcapsule formation in the material under reaction conditions sufficient to permit formation of the plurality of microcapsules; andadding one or more ethoxy-functionalized dispersants to the material before formation of the plurality of microcapsules is complete, wherein adding the one or more ethoxy-functionalized dispersants to the material before formation of the plurality of microcapsules is complete causes the ethoxy-functionalized dispersants to be incorporated into a microcapsule shell wall during formation of the plurality of microcapsules, thereby forming the microcapsule dispersion, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant is different from the emulsifier. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a material capable of forming a plurality of microcapsules comprises providing a polymeric material capable of forming a plurality of microcapsules; wherein initiating microcapsule formation in the material comprises initiating polymerization of the polymeric material under reaction conditions sufficient to permit formation of the plurality of microcapsules, thereby forming a polymerizing polymeric material; and wherein adding one or more ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the material before formation of the plurality of microcapsules is complete comprises adding one or more ethoxy-functionalized dispersants to the polymerizing polymeric material before formation of the plurality of microcapsules is complete. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the polymerizing polymeric material before formation of the plurality of microcapsules is complete comprises non-covalently functionalizing a shell wall of a microcapsule. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the polymeric material comprises poly(oxymethylene urea). 5. The method of claim 3, wherein adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the polymerizing polymeric material before formation of the plurality of microcapsules is complete comprises adsorbing the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the shell wall. 6. The method of claim 2, wherein adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the polymerizing polymeric material before formation of the plurality of microcapsules is complete comprises adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant at a time point representing between about 60-70% monomer conversion. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the polymerizing polymeric material before formation of the plurality of microcapsules is complete comprises adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant at a time point representing between about 65-68% monomer conversion. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the polymerizing polymeric material before formation of the plurality of microcapsules is complete comprises adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant at a time point representing at or just prior to 70% monomer conversion. 9. The method of claim 2, wherein adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the polymerizing polymeric material before formation of the plurality of microcapsules is complete comprises adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant when the pH of the polymerizing polymeric material is between about 2.60 and about 2.75. 10. The method of claim 2, wherein adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the polymerizing polymeric material before formation of the plurality of microcapsules is complete comprises adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant approximately 40 to 50 minutes after initiating polymerization of the polymeric material. 11. The method of claim 2, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant comprises at least one of the group consisting of an ethoxylated polyethylene, an ethoxylated amine, an ethoxylated hydroxyl, an ethoxylated phosphate, an ethoxylated phenol, and a functionalized ester of a phosphoric acid derivative. 12. The method of claim 2, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant comprises at least one of the group consisting of an ethoxy-functionalized silica, an ethoxy-functionalized clay, and an ethoxy-functionalized oxide; and wherein upon shearing, the ethoxy-functionalized silica, ethoxy-functionalized clay, or ethoxy-functionalized oxide breaks down to form a nano-scale material. 13. The method of claim 2, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant comprises a liquid non-ionic polyethylene oxide-based dispersant. 14. The method of claim 2, wherein the polymeric material comprises poly(oxymethylene urea), poly (oxymethylene melamine), polyurethane, polyurea, or a combination thereof. 15. The method of claim 2, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant has a Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) value of from about 10 to about 16. 16. The method of claim 2, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant has a nonionic or cationic charge classification. 17. The method of claim 2, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant has a molecular weight of from about 400 g/mol to about 1200 g/mol. 18. The method of claim 2, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant is a liquid or solid. 19. The method of claim 15, wherein: a. the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant has a nonionic or cationic charge classification;b. the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant has a molecular weight of from about 400 g/mol to about 1200 g/mol; and/orc. the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant is a liquid or solid. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant has a nonionic or cationic charge classification; wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant has a molecular weight of from about 400 g/mol to about 1200 g/mol; and wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant is a liquid or solid. 21. A method of forming a microcapsule dispersion, comprising: combining poly(oxymethylene urea), a core material to be encapsulated, an emulsifier, water, and urea in acidic pH conditions to form an oil-in-water emulsion;adding formaldehyde to the oil-in-water emulsion to initiate polymerization;increasing the temperature of the oil-in-water emulsion; andadding an ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the oil-in-water emulsion before polymerization is complete, thereby forming the microcapsule dispersion, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant is different from the emulsifier. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the oil-in-water emulsion before polymerization is complete comprises adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant at a time point representing between about 60-70% monomer conversion. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the oil-in-water emulsion before polymerization is complete comprises adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant at a time point representing between about 65-68% monomer conversion. 24. The method of claim 22, wherein adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the oil-in-water emulsion before polymerization is complete comprises adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant at a time point representing at or just prior to 70% monomer conversion. 25. The method of claim 21, wherein adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the oil-in-water emulsion before polymerization is complete comprises adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant when the pH of the oil-in-water emulsion is between about 2.60 and about 2.75. 26. The method of claim 21, wherein adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant to the oil-in-water emulsion comprises adding the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant approximately 40 to 50 minutes after adding formaldehyde to the oil-in-water emulsion. 27. The method of claim 21, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant comprises at least one of the group consisting of an ethoxylated polyethylene, an ethoxylated amine, an ethoxylated hydroxyl, an ethoxylated phosphate, an ethoxylated phenol, and a functionalized ester of a phosphoric acid derivative. 28. The method of claim 21, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant comprises at least one of the group consisting of an ethoxy-functionalized silica, an ethoxy-functionalized clay, and an ethoxy-functionalized oxide; and wherein upon shearing, the ethoxy-functionalized silica, ethoxy-functionalized clay, or ethoxy-functionalized oxide breaks down to form a nano-scale material. 29. The method of claim 21, wherein the ethoxy-functionalized dispersant comprises a liquid non-ionic polyethylene oxide-based dispersant.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (9)
Foris Peter L. (Appleton WI) Brown Robert W. (Appleton WI) Phillips ; Jr. Paul S. (Appleton WI), Capsule manufacture.
Uchiyama,Hirotaka; Cetti,Jonathan Robert; Alonso,Mario; Readnour,Christine Marie; Liu,Zaiyou; Kaiser,Carl Eric; Shirley,Michele Denise; Cobb,Daniel Scott, Compositions comprising a dispersant and microcapsules containing an active material and a stabilizer.
Hsieh Bing R. (Webster NY) Gruber Robert J. (Pittsford NY) Koehler Richard F. (Webster NY), Process for encapsulated toner compositions with oligomeric surfactant emulsifiers.
Igarashi Akira (Shizuoka JPX) Ishige Sadao (Shizuoka JPX), Process for producing microcapsules containing a diazonium salt compound and a photofixation thermal recording material.
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