Biodiesel fuel production, separation methods and systems
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C10L-001/02
B01D-037/00
C10G-003/00
C10G-033/06
C11C-003/00
B01D-061/14
B01D-061/16
B01D-063/08
C11B-013/00
B01D-017/00
C02F-001/44
C02F-011/12
C02F-101/32
출원번호
US-0765782
(2013-02-13)
등록번호
US-9783750
(2017-10-10)
발명자
/ 주소
Vander Hoff, Mark
Benson, Todd
Bell, Jason
Pugh, Marc
출원인 / 주소
SMARTFLOW TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
대리인 / 주소
Fuierer, Marianne
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
37
초록
The present invention provides for a method for treatment of fats, oils and grease (FOG) for separation of target products and/or the efficient production of biodiesel while reducing disposal of solid or liquid waste matter into landfills or water treatment facilities.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for producing an alkyl ester for use as a biodiesel fuel from an oil or grease source, wherein the oil or grease source comprises free fatty acids and triglycerides, the method comprising: (a) providing the oil or grease source as a liquid medium;(b) moving the oil or grease source throu
1. A method for producing an alkyl ester for use as a biodiesel fuel from an oil or grease source, wherein the oil or grease source comprises free fatty acids and triglycerides, the method comprising: (a) providing the oil or grease source as a liquid medium;(b) moving the oil or grease source through a first cross-flow filtration cassette wherein such oil or grease source is dewatered and the water content is separated into a water permeate stream and the remaining oil or grease source in the retentate stream is collected;(c) combining the oil or grease source retentate with an esterification biocatalyst and an alcohol in a first reaction medium to provide for an esterification reaction of any fatty acids in the oil or grease source retentate thereby from fatty acid esters;(d) separating the esterification biocatalyst from the reaction medium by using a second cross-flow filtration cassette, wherein the biocatalyst is on the retentate stream and is moved back to reaction medium of step c or captured for reuse by passing through a third cross-flow filtration cassette;(e) moving the formed fatty acid esters and triglycerides in the permeate stream to a second reaction medium containing a transesterification biocatalyst and an alcohol to provide transesterification of the triglycerides thereby forming crude biodiesel and crude glycerol;(f) separating the formed crude biodiesel and crude glycerol from the second reaction medium by using a fourth cross-flow filtration cassette;(g) separating the transesterification biocatalyst from the crude glycerol and water by using a fifth cross-flow filtration cassette, wherein the transesterification biocatalyst is moved back to reaction medium of step e or captured for reuse; and(h) purifying the crude glycerol by passing through a sixth cross-flow filtration cassettes thereby forming a refined glycerol, wherein all of the cross-flow filtration cassettes comprise an array of sheet members, wherein the sheet members include in sequence in said array a first retentate sheet, a first filter sheet, a permeate sheet, a second filter sheet, and a second retentate sheet, wherein each of the sheet members in said array has at least one inlet basin opening at one end thereof, and at least one outlet basin opening at an opposite end thereof, with permeate passage openings at longitudinal side margin portions of the sheet members, wherein each of the first and second retentate sheets having a multiplicity of channel openings therein, extending longitudinally between the inlet and outlet basin openings of the sheets in the array, and being bonded to an adjacent filter sheet about peripheral end and side portions thereof, with their basin openings and permeate passage openings in register with one another and the permeate passage openings of each of the retentate sheets being circumscribingly bonded to the adjacent filter sheet, and with a central portion of each of the retentate sheets and adjacent filter sheets being unbonded to permit permeate contacting the retentate sheet to flow through the filter sheet to the permeate sheet. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil source is plant oil, microalgae oil, animal oil, fish oil, lard, rendered fats, cooking oil, tallow or waste grease. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the biocatalyst is an enzyme. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the enzyme is a lipase and catalyzes a transesterification and/or esterification reaction. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil source is initially treated to remove unwanted water using a cross-flow filtration, wherein the cross-flow filtration cassette comprises: an array of sheet members of generally rectangular and generally planar shape with main top and bottom surfaces, wherein the sheet members include in sequence in said array a first retentate sheet, a first filter sheet, a permeate sheet, a second filter sheet, and a second retentate sheet, wherein at least the oil source, having a diameter larger than the filter sheet's pore size in the first cross-flow filtration cassette is retained in the retentate flow, and at least a portion of the unwanted water diffuses through the filter sheets and enters the permeate sheet and permeate flow. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the unwanted water in the permeate flow can be further purified by a second pass through an additional cross-flow filtration cassette for removal of contaminants and/or emulsified oils. 7. The method of claim 4, wherein the enzyme is free, immobilized on a surface, suspended in a liquid solution or in an ionic solution. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the alcohol is methanol or ethanol. 9. The method of claim 4, wherein the lipase is candida antarctica lipase, thermomyces lanuginosa lipase, Rhizomucor miehei lipase, Rhizopus oryzae lipase, candida rugosa lipase, Candida cylindracae lipase pseudomonas fluorescens lipase, Aspergillus niger lipase, pseudomonas cepacia lipase, or chromobacterium viscosum lipase. 10. The method of claim 7, wherein the enzyme is immobilized by absorption on carrier, attachment to ion exchange resins, covalent bond attachment to supports, or trapping in hydrophobic gels. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the refined glycerol is technical or pharmaceutical grade glycerol.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (37)
Tremblay, André Yves; Dubé, Marc Arnold, Apparatus and method for bio-fuel production.
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