Heat engine system with a supercritical working fluid and processes thereof
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F01K-025/10
F02C-001/10
F01K-009/02
H02K-007/18
F01D-001/00
F01K-009/00
F01K-011/00
F01K-007/38
F01K-023/16
F01D-015/10
F02C-001/04
출원번호
US-0803242
(2015-07-20)
등록번호
US-9863287
(2018-01-09)
발명자
/ 주소
Kacludis, Alexander Steven
Hostler, Stephen R.
Zakem, Steve B.
출원인 / 주소
Echogen Power Systems, LLC
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
6
초록▼
Aspects of the invention disclosed herein generally provide heat engine systems and methods for generating electricity. In one configuration, a heat engine system contains a working fluid circuit having high and low pressure sides and containing a working fluid (e.g., sc-CO2). The system further con
Aspects of the invention disclosed herein generally provide heat engine systems and methods for generating electricity. In one configuration, a heat engine system contains a working fluid circuit having high and low pressure sides and containing a working fluid (e.g., sc-CO2). The system further contains a power turbine configured to convert thermal energy to mechanical energy, a motor-generator configured to convert the mechanical energy into electricity, and a pump configured to circulate the working fluid within the working fluid circuit. The system further contains a heat exchanger configured to transfer thermal energy from a heat source stream to the working fluid, a recuperator configured to transfer thermal energy from the low pressure side to the high pressure side of the working fluid circuit, and a condenser (e.g., air- or fluid-cooled) configured to remove thermal energy from the working fluid within the low pressure side of the working fluid circuit.
대표청구항▼
1. A heat engine system for generating electricity, comprising: a working fluid circuit comprising a working fluid;a power turbine disposed in the working fluid circuit and configured to convert thermal energy to mechanical energy by a pressure drop in the working fluid;a motor-generator coupled to
1. A heat engine system for generating electricity, comprising: a working fluid circuit comprising a working fluid;a power turbine disposed in the working fluid circuit and configured to convert thermal energy to mechanical energy by a pressure drop in the working fluid;a motor-generator coupled to the power turbine and configured to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy;a pump coupled to the power turbine and configured to circulate and pressurize the working fluid within the working fluid circuit;a housing at least partially encompassing the pump, the motor-generator, and the power turbine, and configured to capture working fluid leakage from the pump, the motor-generator, and the power turbine;a heat exchanger disposed in the working fluid circuit, configured to be fluidly coupled to and in thermal communication with a heat source stream, and configured to transfer thermal energy from the heat source stream to the working fluid;a recuperator fluidly coupled to a condenser in series in the working fluid circuit, the recuperator configured to discharge a first portion of the working fluid to the heat exchanger via the working fluid circuit and configured to discharge a second portion of the working fluid to the condenser via the working fluid circuit, and wherein: the recuperator is disposed in the working fluid circuit downstream of the pump and upstream of the heat exchanger, and is disposed in the working fluid circuit downstream of the power turbine and upstream of the condenser; andthe condenser is disposed in the working fluid circuit downstream of the recuperator and upstream of the pump and configured to remove thermal energy from the working fluid; anda leak recapture system disposed in the working fluid circuit and fluidly coupled to the housing, the leak recapture system configured to draw the working fluid leakage from the housing and transfer the working fluid leakage into the working fluid circuit. 2. The heat engine system of claim 1, wherein the working fluid circuit includes a high pressure side and a low pressure side. 3. The heat engine system of claim 2, wherein the power turbine is disposed in the working fluid circuit between the high pressure side and the low pressure side of the working fluid circuit. 4. The heat engine system of claim 3, wherein the pump includes an inlet configured to receive the working fluid from the low pressure side of the working fluid circuit and an outlet configured to discharge the working fluid into the high pressure side of the working fluid circuit. 5. The heat engine system of claim 4, wherein the recuperator is fluidly coupled to the condenser on the low pressure side of the working fluid circuit and is fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger and the pump on the high pressure side of the working fluid circuit. 6. The heat engine system of claim 5, further including a bypass valve that is configured to provide selective fluid communication between the first portion of the working fluid and the second portion of the working fluid. 7. The heat engine system of claim 1, wherein the condenser includes a cooling medium circuit that is configured to transfer heat from the working fluid. 8. The heat engine system of claim 1, wherein the working fluid comprises carbon dioxide and at least a portion of the working fluid circuit contains the working fluid in a supercritical state. 9. A heat engine system, comprising: a working fluid circuit comprising a working fluid;a power turbine disposed in the working fluid circuit, and configured to convert thermal energy to mechanical energy by a pressure drop in the working fluid;a motor-generator coupled to the power turbine and configured to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy;a pump coupled to the power turbine and configured to circulate and pressurize the working fluid within the working fluid circuit;a heat exchanger disposed in the working fluid circuit, configured to be fluidly coupled to and in thermal communication with a heat source stream, and configured to transfer thermal energy from the heat source stream to the working fluid;a recuperator fluidly coupled to a condenser in series in the working fluid circuit; anda seal gas system fluidly coupled to the motor-generator, the seal gas system configured to provide a pressurized seal fluid to the motor-generator and recover at least a portion of the seal fluid from the motor-generator. 10. The heat engine system of claim 9, wherein the pressurized seal fluid is transferred from a source external to the working fluid circuit into the motor-generator. 11. The heat engine system of claim 10, wherein the pressurized seal fluid includes carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon, air, or combinations thereof, and the seal gas is in a gaseous state, a liquid state, a supercritical state, or a subcritical state. 12. The heat engine system of claim 9, wherein the pressurized seal fluid contains a portion of the working fluid contained within the seal gas system. 13. The heat engine system of claim 10, wherein the motor-generator is configured to receive the pressurized seal fluid at a sufficient gas seal pressure to prevent migration of the working fluid from the pump or the power turbine into the motor-generator. 14. The heat engine system of claim 10, wherein: a housing at least partially encompasses the pump, the motor-generator, and the power turbine; andthe pump, the motor-generator, and the power turbine are connected to one another by a shaft. 15. The heat engine system of claim 10, wherein: the recuperator is disposed in the working fluid circuit downstream of the pump and upstream of the heat exchanger, fluidly coupled to the working fluid circuit downstream of the power turbine and upstream of the condenser; andthe condenser is disposed in the working fluid circuit downstream of the recuperator and upstream of the pump and configured to remove thermal energy from the working fluid. 16. A heat engine system, comprising: a working fluid circuit comprising a working fluid;a power turbine disposed in the working fluid circuit, and configured to convert thermal energy to mechanical energy by a pressure drop in the working fluid;a motor-generator coupled to the power turbine and configured to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy;a pump coupled to the power turbine and configured to circulate and pressurize the working fluid within the working fluid circuit;a heat exchanger disposed in the working fluid circuit, configured to be fluidly coupled to and in thermal communication with a heat source stream, and configured to transfer thermal energy from the heat source stream to the working fluid;a recuperator fluidly coupled to a condenser in series in the working fluid circuit;a seal gas system fluidly coupled to the motor-generator, the seal gas system configured to provide a pressurized seal fluid to the motor-generator and recover at least a portion of the seal fluid from the motor-generator; anda process control system operatively connected to one or more of the power turbine, the motor-generator, and the pump, and configured to control or adjust temperatures and pressures throughout the working fluid circuit. 17. The heat engine system of claim 16, wherein the process control system is configured to open, close, or adjust one or more valves positioned in the working fluid circuit to control the flow of the working fluid in the working fluid circuit. 18. The heat engine system of claim 16, further comprising a power outlet or a power electronics system electrically coupled to the motor-generator and configured to transfer the electrical energy from the motor-generator to an electrical grid. 19. The heat engine system of claim 16, wherein: the recuperator is configured to discharge a first portion of the working fluid to the heat exchanger via the working fluid circuit and is further configured to discharge a second portion of the working fluid to the condenser via the working fluid circuit; andwherein the first portion of the working fluid and the second portion of the working fluid are in selective fluid communication via a bypass valve that is controlled by the process control system.
Joseph F. Pinkerton ; David B. Clifton ; Kenneth E. Nichols ; Michael D. Forsha ; James E. Dillard ; William D. Batton, Method and apparatus for providing a continuous supply of electric power.
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