Unitary heat pump air conditioner having a compressed vapor diversion loop
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F25B-041/00
F25B-030/02
B60H-001/00
F28D-009/00
F25B-025/00
F25B-047/02
F25D-021/12
출원번호
US-0203903
(2014-03-11)
등록번호
US-9879891
(2018-01-30)
발명자
/ 주소
Kowsky, Carrie M
Kadle, Prasad S.
Oddi, Frederick V.
Leitzel, Lindsey L.
출원인 / 주소
MAHLE International GmbH
대리인 / 주소
Brinks Gilson & Lione
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
4
초록▼
Disclosed is a unitary heat pump air conditioner (HPAC) system having a refrigerant diversion loop configured to supply sufficient heat to defrost an external heat exchanger while not materially affecting the supply of heat to the passenger compartment of a vehicle. The HPAC system includes a refrig
Disclosed is a unitary heat pump air conditioner (HPAC) system having a refrigerant diversion loop configured to supply sufficient heat to defrost an external heat exchanger while not materially affecting the supply of heat to the passenger compartment of a vehicle. The HPAC system includes a refrigerant loop configured to pump heat from a cold coolant loop that scavenges heat from the external heat exchanger to a hot coolant loop that supplies heat to the passenger compartment. The refrigerant loop includes a condenser in thermal communication with the hot coolant loop, evaporator in thermal communication with the cold coolant loop, and a compressor to cycle the refrigerant through the refrigerant loop. The refrigerant loop further includes means to selectively divert at least a portion of the hot compressed refrigerant exiting the compressor directly to the evaporator to heat the cold coolant loop sufficient to defrost the external heat exchanger.
대표청구항▼
1. A unitary heat pump air conditioner (HPAC) system, comprising: a refrigerant loop including: a condenser configured to condense a hot compressed refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant,an expansion device configured to receive and partially expand the liquid refrigerant from the condenser into a va
1. A unitary heat pump air conditioner (HPAC) system, comprising: a refrigerant loop including: a condenser configured to condense a hot compressed refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant,an expansion device configured to receive and partially expand the liquid refrigerant from the condenser into a vapor-liquid phase refrigerant,an evaporator downstream of the expansion device configured to evaporate the vapor-liquid phase refrigerant into a cold vapor refrigerant and is in thermal communication with a cold coolant loop having an external heat exchanger, anda compressor configured to receive and compress the cold vapor refrigerant from the evaporator into the hot compressed refrigerant and to deliver the hot compressed refrigerant to the condenser via a compressor discharge line extending from an exit of the compressor to an inlet of the condenser,wherein the refrigerant loop includes means to selectively divert a portion amounting to less than 100% and more than 0% of the hot compressed refrigerant exiting from the compressor to the evaporator in a hot compressed state via a proportioning valve in a location along the compressor discharge line, wherein the refrigerant delivered from the compressor to the condenser passes through the proportioning valve. 2. The unitary HPAC system of claim 1, wherein the proportioning valve is also operative to selectively divert from zero up to and including 100 percent of the hot compressed refrigerant exiting from the compressor to the evaporator by shutting off the discharge line. 3. The unitary HPAC system of claim 2, wherein the means to selectively divert the portion of the hot compressed refrigerant includes a refrigerant diversion loop hydraulically connecting the proportioning valve to an inlet of the evaporator. 4. The unitary HPAC system of claim 3, wherein the refrigerant loop includes a bypass valve positioned downstream of the condenser and upstream of the expansion device, the bypass valve operative to bypass the liquid refrigerant exiting the condenser to the diversion loop when the proportioning valve is diverting less than 100 percent of hot compressed refrigerant from the compressor. 5. The unitary HPAC system of claim 2, wherein: the external heat exchanger is susceptible to frosting, andthe proportioning valve is operative to divert the portion of the hot compressed refrigerant to the evaporator to sufficiently provide heat to the cold coolant loop to defrost the external heat exchanger. 6. The unitary HPAC system of claim 1, wherein the refrigerant loop includes a bypass valve positioned downstream of the condenser and upstream of the expansion device. 7. The unitary HPAC system of claim 6, wherein the bypass valve is operative to divert the liquid refrigerant exiting the condenser directly to the evaporator. 8. The unitary HPAC system of claim 1, wherein: the external heat exchanger is susceptible to frosting, andthe means to selectively divert the portion of the hot compressed refrigerant exiting from the compressor directly to the evaporator is operative to provide sufficient heat energy to the cold coolant loop to defrost the external heat exchanger. 9. The unitary HPAC system of claim 1, wherein the means to selectively divert the portion of the hot compressed refrigerant includes: the proportioning valve,a refrigerant diversion loop hydraulically connecting the proportioning valve to an inlet of the evaporator; anda bypass valve operative to bypass the liquid refrigerant exiting the condenser to the refrigerant diversion loop when the proportioning valve is diverting less than 100 percent of hot compressed refrigerant from the compressor. 10. A method for defrosting an external heat exchanger of a unitary heat pump air conditioner (HPAC) system, comprising the steps of: providing a refrigerant loop having: a condenser configured to condense a hot compressed refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant,an expansion device configured to receive and partially expand the liquid refrigerant from the condenser into a vapor-liquid phase refrigerant,an evaporator downstream of the expansion device configured to evaporate the vapor-liquid phase refrigerant into a cold vapor refrigerant,a compressor configured to receive and compress the cold vapor refrigerant from the evaporator into the hot compressed refrigerant for the condenser and to supply the hot compressed refrigerant to the condenser via a compressor discharge line extending from an exit of the compressor to an inlet of the condenser;providing a cold coolant loop in thermal communication with the evaporator and the external heat exchanger;diverting a portion amounting to less than 100% and more than 0% of the hot compressed refrigerant exiting from the compressor directly to the evaporator in a hot compressed state via a proportioning valve in a location along the compressor discharge line to transfer sufficient heat from the hot compressed refrigerant to the cold coolant loop to defrost the external heat exchanger; wherein the refrigerant delivered from the compressor to the condenser passes through the proportioning valve. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising the steps of: providing a refrigerant diversion loop hydraulically connecting the exit of the compressor to an inlet of the evaporator;wherein the proportioning valve is configured to selectively divert the portion of the hot compressed refrigerant exiting from the compressor to the inlet of the evaporator;detecting frosting of the external heat exchanger; anddiverting a sufficient portion of the hot compressed refrigerant to the evaporator to provide sufficient heat to defrost the external heat exchanger. 12. A unitary heat pump air conditioner (Unitary HPAC), comprising: a refrigerant loop having a condenser for condensing a high pressure vapor,an evaporator downstream of the condenser for evaporating a low pressure liquid refrigerant, anda compressor for receiving a low pressure vapor refrigerant from the evaporator and discharging a high pressure vapor refrigerant to the condenser via a compressor discharge line extending from an exit of the compressor to an inlet of the condenser; a cold side heat exchanger configured to hydraulically connect to a cold side coolant loop, wherein the cold side heat exchanger is in thermal communication with the evaporator;a hot heat exchanger configured to hydraulically connect to a hot side coolant loop, wherein the hot heat exchanger is in thermal communication with the condenser; anda refrigerant diversion loop hydraulically connecting the hot compressed refrigerant exiting from the compressor to the evaporator via a proportioning valve in a location along the compressor discharge line, the proportioning valve configured to divert a portion of the hot compressed refrigerant to the evaporator in a hot compressed state, wherein the refrigerant delivered from the compressor to the condenser passes through the proportioning valve; anda bypass valve positioned downstream of the condenser and upstream of an expansion device, the bypass valve operative to divert the liquid refrigerant exiting the condenser directly to the evaporator. 13. The unitary heat pump air conditioner (Unitary HPAC) of claim 12, wherein the proportioning valve is configured to selectively divert the portion of the hot compressed refrigerant exiting from the compressor to the evaporator. 14. The unitary heat pump air conditioner (Unitary HPAC) of claim 12, wherein the bypass valve is operative to bypass the liquid refrigerant exiting the condenser to the diversion loop when the proportioning valve is diverting less than 100 percent of hot compressed refrigerant from the compressor to the condenser.
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