Carbon bed electrolyser for treatment of liquid effluents and a process thereof
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C02F-001/28
C02F-001/461
출원번호
US-0992064
(2011-03-21)
등록번호
US-9890063
(2018-02-13)
우선권정보
IN-2888/DEL/2010 (2010-12-06)
국제출원번호
PCT/IB2011/000594
(2011-03-21)
§371/§102 date
20130819
(20130819)
국제공개번호
WO2012/076940
(2012-06-14)
발명자
/ 주소
Neti, Nageswara Rao
Nandy, Tapas
출원인 / 주소
COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH
대리인 / 주소
Banner & Witcoff, Ltd.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
13
초록▼
The present invention relates to provide a carbon bed electrolyzer (CBE) unit for electrochemical treatment. More particularly the present invention relates to the treatment of recalcitrant wastewater, e.g. from chemical industry. Further the said CBE unit is useful for electrolytic treatment of liq
The present invention relates to provide a carbon bed electrolyzer (CBE) unit for electrochemical treatment. More particularly the present invention relates to the treatment of recalcitrant wastewater, e.g. from chemical industry. Further the said CBE unit is useful for electrolytic treatment of liquid effluent having very high concentrations of Chemical oxygen Demand (COD), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and for improving biodegradability of the effluent. More particularly, the present invention relates to an electro oxidation process wherein the carbon bed gets regenerated in-situ continuously.
대표청구항▼
1. A carbon bed electrolyser (CBE) unit for liquid effluent treatment comprising: a reactor having a reactor body made of reinforced cement concrete, fiber reinforced plastic, or polypropylene or combination thereof having inlet and outlet valves, wherein a buffer chamber is located in the reactor a
1. A carbon bed electrolyser (CBE) unit for liquid effluent treatment comprising: a reactor having a reactor body made of reinforced cement concrete, fiber reinforced plastic, or polypropylene or combination thereof having inlet and outlet valves, wherein a buffer chamber is located in the reactor and forms a section of the reactor, with a valve inside the buffer chamber connecting fluidly with a remaining section of the reactor;a set of anode plates and cathode plates being placed vertically in the remaining section of the reactor, wherein at least some of the anode and cathode plates have tops that are each spaced a distance from a top of the reactor that is approximately ¼ to ⅓ a height of the reactor,wherein the outlet valve is fixed to the reactor body at a valve height at least equal to heights of the anode plates and the cathode plates,wherein the anode plates are fixed within the reactor body at specified distances parallel to each other, with a pre-determined inter-anode centre-to-centre distance, and wherein the cathode plates are fixed within the reactor body at a pre-determined inter-cathode centre-to-centre distance, both the anode plates and the cathode plates being juxtaposed keeping a uniform anode-to-cathode distance not larger than 0.17 m,wherein the cathode plates are fixed to a bottom of the reactor body while the anode plates are lifted from the bottom of the reactor or vice versa in an alternative electrode arrangement,wherein a metal anode bus bar connects all the anode plates and is connected to a positive pole of an electrical rectifier, and wherein a metal cathode bus bar connects all of the cathode plates and is connected to a negative pole of the electrical rectifier,wherein a granular activated carbon is packed into the remaining section of the reactor,wherein a long covered leak proof opening is located at the bottom along a length of the reactor to remove the granular activated carbon when spent, andwherein a galvanized iron welded structure is located on all sides of the reactor. 2. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anode and cathode bus bars are made of aluminum, copper, or a combination thereof. 3. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reactor has a plurality of sections including the section and the remaining section, wherein all the cathode plates are fixed to the bottom of the reactor while the anode plates are lifted by an offset distance in a range of 2 to 4 inch or vice versa in the alternative electrode arrangement to allow for vertical mode of single channel flow of the liquid effluent from each of the plurality of sections to a next section of the plurality of sections until the effluent flows through the outlet valve. 4. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height of each of the anode plates and the cathode plates is in a range of 25-35% less than the height of the reactor. 5. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the granular activated carbon occupies at least 60% of a geometric volume of the reactor; a particle size of the granular activated carbon is in a range of 2-10 mm, and a surface area of the granular activated carbon is at least 500 m2/g. 6. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 5, wherein the granular activated carbon occupies 60-80% of the geometric volume of the reactor. 7. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the granular activated carbon offers an effective liquid effluent volume which is about 25-30% of a volume of the reactor. 8. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the uniform anode-to-cathode distance is 0.12-0.17 m. 9. A process for treatment of liquid effluent by using the CBE unit as claimed in claim 1, comprising: a. removing suspended solids from the effluent through a coagulation/flocculation process by addition of lime, ferric chloride, and polyelectrolyte, micro filtration, or filter press method or combination thereof;b. adding 2.0-4.0 kg NaCl per cubic meter of feed effluent to induce indirect electro oxidation process;c. feeding the effluent free of suspended solids and having organic and inorganic pollutants into the CBE unit until the anode and cathode plates and a granular activated carbon bed of the CBE unit are submerged;d. closing the inlet and outlet of the CBE unit to commence operating the CBE unit in a batch mode;e. allowing the effluent of step (c) to stay in contact with the carbon bed for 1-2 hours, releasing the effluent through the outlet valve, and adding additional effluent through the inlet valve;f. repeating steps (c) to (e) with the additional effluent until saturation sorption is attained;g. switching on the rectifier, and setting 6.0-7.0 V and 200-250 A to ensure electrolysis initially in the batch mode while the inlet and outlet valves are closed;h. adjusting a current to increase rate of electrolysis based on gas evolution from surfaces of the anode and cathode plates as a consequence of electrolysis;i. collecting samples of the effluent from a last section of the CBE unit between a last anode plate and a last cathode plate away from the inlet valve and evaluating the samples for reduction in pollution parameters including Chemical oxygen Demand (COD), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD),j. continuing operating the CBE unit in the batch mode until greater than 60% COD removal is attained;k. switching the reactor from the batch mode to continuous mode, by opening the inlet and outlet valves and feeding the CBE unit at a fixed flow rate that allows a minimum residence time for the effluent to react in the CBE unit;l. operating the CBE unit under continuous feeding of effluent at the fixed flow rate to treat the effluent and monitoring the pollution parameters periodically for assessing performance of the reactor;m. draining the treated effluent. 10. The process as claimed in claim 9, wherein in step (f) saturation sorption is attained by 4-6 repetitions of steps (c) to (e) and a total time period required to attain saturation sorption is in a range of 8-10 hours. 11. The process as claimed in claim 9, further comprising treating the feed effluent prior to addition of the feed effluent to remove suspended solids to a final value 10% COD through coagulation-flocculation by adding lime, ferric chloride and polyelectrolyte, micro filtration, tube coagulation, or filter press operations or combination thereof. 12. The process as claimed in claim 9, wherein an effective hydraulic retention time is provided in a range of 1-4 hours until greater than 60% COD removal is attained, for effective treatment of the effluent by adjusting a feed rate of the effluent into the CBE unit. 13. The process as claimed in claim 9, wherein in step (j) operation of the CBE unit in the batch mode is continued until 60-70% COD removal is attained. 14. A carbon bed electrolyser (CBE) unit for liquid effluent treatment comprising: a reactor having a reactor body made of reinforced cement concrete, fiber reinforced plastic, or polypropylene or combination thereof having inlet and outlet valves, wherein a buffer chamber is located in the reactor and forms a section of the reactor, with a valve inside the buffer chamber connecting fluidly with a remaining section of the reactor;a set of anode plates and cathode plates being placed vertically in the remaining section of the reactor, wherein at least some of the anode and cathode plates have tops that are each spaced a distance from a top of the reactor that is approximately ¼ a height of the reactor,wherein the outlet valve is fixed to the reactor body at a valve height at least equal to heights of the anode plates and the cathode plates,wherein the anode plates are fixed to one side of the reactor body at specified distances parallel to each other, with a pre-determined inter-anode centre-to-centre distance, and wherein the cathode plates are fixed to an opposite side of the reactor body at a pre-determined inter-cathode centre-to-centre distance, both the anode plates and the cathode plates being juxtaposed keeping a uniform anode-to-cathode distance not larger than 0.17 m,wherein a metal anode bus bar connects all the anode plates and is connected to a positive pole of an electrical rectifier, and wherein a metal cathode bus bar connects all of the cathode plates and is connected to a negative pole of the electrical rectifier,wherein a granular activated carbon is packed into the remaining section of the reactor,wherein a long covered leak proof opening is located at a bottom of the reactor along a length of the reactor to remove the granular activated carbon when spent, andwherein a galvanized iron welded structure is located on all sides of the reactor. 15. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 14, wherein the anode and cathode bus bars are made of aluminum, copper, or a combination thereof. 16. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 14, wherein heights of each of the anode plates and the cathode plates is in a range of 25-35% less than the height of the reactor. 17. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 14, wherein the granular activated carbon occupies at least 60% of a geometric volume of the reactor; a particle size of the granular activated carbon is in a range of 2-10 mm, and a surface area of the granular activated carbon is at least 500 m2/g. 18. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 17, wherein the granular activated carbon occupies 60-80% of the geometric volume of the reactor. 19. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 14, wherein the granular activated carbon offers an effective liquid effluent volume which is equivalent to a drainable pore volume, which is about 25-30% of a volume of the reactor. 20. The CBE unit as claimed in claim 14, wherein the uniform anode-to-cathode distance is 0.12-0.17 m.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (13)
Sunderland John Garry (Chester GBX) Dalrymple Ian McCrady (Chester GBX), Cell and method for the recovery of metals from dilute solutions.
Clifford Arthur L. (Everett CAX) Dong Dennis F. (Kingston CAX) Mumby Timothy A. (Kingston CAX) Rogers Derek J. (Kingston CAX), Chemical and electrochemical regeneration of active carbon.
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