Pitch angle measuring system and method for wind turbines
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F03D-011/00
F03D-001/00
F01D-021/00
F03D-007/02
F01D-005/12
F03D-017/00
출원번호
US-0566174
(2014-12-10)
등록번호
US-9896959
(2018-02-20)
우선권정보
DE-140 00 207 (2014-01-21)
발명자
/ 주소
Bertolotti, Fabio
Bott, Christian
출원인 / 주소
SSB Wind Systems GmbH & Co. KG
대리인 / 주소
Harness, Dickey & Pierce, P.L.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
7
초록▼
The present invention relates to a wind turbine and a measuring system for determining the pitch angle of at least one blade relative to a hub of a wind turbine. The measurement comprises a first angular-velocity sensor (130) measuring a first angular velocity (φ) around a first sensor axis (e1), th
The present invention relates to a wind turbine and a measuring system for determining the pitch angle of at least one blade relative to a hub of a wind turbine. The measurement comprises a first angular-velocity sensor (130) measuring a first angular velocity (φ) around a first sensor axis (e1), the first angular-velocity sensor (130) fixedly attached to the at least one blade (100) with a first predetermined orientation selected to produce a first projection of the main rotational axis (32) onto the first sensor axis (e1), a second angular-velocity sensor (140) measuring a second angular velocity (β) around a second sensor axis (e2), the second angular-velocity sensor (140) fixedly attached to the at least one blade (100) with a second predetermined orientation selected to produce a second projection of the main rotational axis (32) onto the second sensor axis (e2), the first sensor axis (e1) and the second sensor axis (e2) being linearly independent, and a first computational unit (160) computing a computed pitch angle (θ1c) based on of the first angular velocity (φ) and the second angular velocity (β). The invention relates also to a method for determining an azimuthal position and azimuthal rotational velocity of the at least one blade relative to the nacelle, the azimuthal position being defined by the rotational motion of the hub relative to the nacelle.
대표청구항▼
1. A pitch-angle measuring system for a wind turbine having a tower, a nacelle attached thereto, a hub rotationally attached to the nacelle and defining a main rotational axis, at least one blade rotationally attached to the hub and defining a pitch axis for rotation thereabout, a blade pitch angle
1. A pitch-angle measuring system for a wind turbine having a tower, a nacelle attached thereto, a hub rotationally attached to the nacelle and defining a main rotational axis, at least one blade rotationally attached to the hub and defining a pitch axis for rotation thereabout, a blade pitch angle defining the rotational position of the at least one blade with respect to the hub about said pitch axis, the measurement system comprising: a first angular-velocity sensor measuring a first angular velocity (φ) around a first sensor axis (e1), the first angular-velocity sensor fixedly attached to the at least one blade with a first predetermined orientation selected to produce a first projection of the main rotational axis onto the first sensor axis (e1);a second angular-velocity sensor measuring a second angular velocity (β) around a second sensor axis (e2), the second angular-velocity sensor fixedly attached to the at least one blade with a second predetermined orientation selected to produce a second projection of the main rotational axis onto the second sensor axis (e2);the first sensor axis (e1) and the second sensor axis (e2) being linearly independent; anda first computational unit computing a computed pitch angle (θ1c) indicative of the blade pitch angle of the first angular velocity (φ) and the second angular velocity (β). 2. The measuring system of claim 1, wherein the first computational unit computes the main rotational rate (Ω) based on a numerical value of the first angular velocity (φ) and the second angular velocity (β). 3. The measuring system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a third angular-velocity sensor fixedly attached to the at least one blade with a third predetermined orientation and measuring a third angular velocity (λ) around a third sensor axis (e3), said third predetermined orientation producing a projection of the main rotational axis onto the third sensor axis (e3), the third angular velocity (λ) being communicated to the first computational unit, the first computational unit including said third angular velocity (λ) value in the computation of the computed pitch angle (θ1C), and said third sensor axis (e3) being essentially aligned with the pitch axis. 4. The measuring system of claim 3, wherein the first sensor axis (e1), the second sensor axis (e2) and the third sensor axis (e3) form essentially a three-dimensional orthogonal basis. 5. A pitch-angle measuring system for a wind turbine having a tower, a nacelle attached thereto, a hub rotationally attached to the nacelle and defining a main rotational axis, the hub rotating at a main rotational rate (Ω), at least one blade rotationally attached to the hub and defining a pitch axis for rotation thereabout, a blade pitch angle defining the rotational position of the at least one blade with respect to the hub about said pitch axis, the measuring system comprising: a first angular-velocity sensor measuring a first angular velocity (λ) around a first sensor axis (e1), the first angular-velocity sensor fixedly attached to the at least one blade with a predetermined orientation selected to produce a projection of the main rotational axis onto the first sensor axis (e1); anda first computational unit computing a computed pitch angle (θ1C) based on numerical values of the first angular velocity (φ) and the main rotational rate (Ω). 6. The measuring system of claim 5, further comprising a tilt-rate sensor which produces a tilt-rate signal indicative of a bending of the tower, a yaw-rate sensor producing a yaw-rate signal indicative of the time rate of change of an angular position of the nacelle about a tower axis, and the tilt-rate signal and the yaw-rate signal being received by the first computational unit, the first computational unit including the yaw-rate signal and the tilt-rate signal in the computation of the computed pitch angle (θ1C). 7. The measuring system of claim 5, further comprising a pulse generator generating a synchronizing pulse when the hub attains a predetermined azimuthal angular position relative to the nacelle, the synchronizing pulse being communicated to an azimuth computational unit, the azimuth computational unit integrating in time the main rotational rate (Ω) to compute an azimuthal angle (ξ), the azimuth computational unit using the azimuthal angle (ξ) and the synchronizing pulse to compute the main rotational angle (ψ) of the at least one blade relative to the nacelle. 8. The measuring system of claim 5, further comprising a blade-pitch actuator for changing the blade pitch angle of the at least one blade, and a pitch control unit in communication with the blade-pitch actuator and with the first computational unit, the pitch control unit commanding the blade pitch angle to the blade-pitch actuator, the pitch control unit receiving the computed pitch angle (θ1C). 9. The measuring system of claim 5, further comprising an angular encoder producing an encoder signal indicative of the blade pitch angle, said encoder signal and the computed pitch angle (θ1C) being communicated to a first comparator unit, the first comparator unit generating a warning signal when a deviation between the encoder signal and the computed pitch angle differs by more than a predetermined amount. 10. A method for determining a pitch-angle of at least one blade of a wind turbine having a tower, a nacelle attached thereto, a hub rotationally attached to the nacelle and defining a main rotational axis, the hub rotating at a main rotational rate (Ω), the at least one blade rotationally attached to the hub and defining a pitch axis for rotation thereabout, a blade pitch angle defining the rotational position of the at least one blade with respect to the hub about said pitch axis, the method for determining the pitch-angle comprising: measuring an angular velocity relative to a sensor axis (e1), said sensor axis (e1) being fixedly attached to the blade at a predetermined orientation, said predetermined orientation producing a projection of the main rotational axis onto the sensor axis (e1); andcomputing a computed pitch angle (θ1C) indicative of the blade pitch angle, the computed pitch-angle (θ1C) being based on a numerical value of the measured angular velocity and a value of the main rotational rate (Ω). 11. A method for determining a pitch-angle of at least one blade of a wind turbine having a tower, a nacelle attached thereto, a hub rotationally attached to the nacelle and defining a main rotational axis, the at least one blade rotationally attached to the hub and defining a pitch axis for rotation thereabout, a blade pitch angle defining a rotational position of the at least one blade with respect to the hub about said pitch axis, the method for determining the pitch-angle comprising: measuring a first angular velocity relative to a first sensor axis (e1), said first sensor axis (e1) being fixedly attached to the blade at a first predetermined orientation, said first predetermined orientation producing a projection of the main rotational axis onto the first sensor axis (e1);measuring a second angular velocity relative to a second sensor axis (e1), said second sensor axis (e1) being fixedly attached to the blade at a second predetermined orientation, said second predetermined orientation producing a projection of the main rotational axis onto the second sensor axis (e1), said first sensor axis (e1) and the second sensor axis (e2) being linearly independent; andcomputing a computed pitch angle (e1C) indicative of the blade pitch angle, the computed pitch-angle (θ1C) being based on a numerical value of the first angular velocity and a value of the second angular velocity. 12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein a first computational unit computes the main rotational rate Ω based on a numerical value of the first angular velocity (φ) and the second angular velocity (β). 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising using a third angular-velocity sensor fixedly attached to the at least one blade with a third predetermined orientation and measuring a third angular velocity λ about a third sensor axis e3, whereby the third predetermined orientation produces a projection of the main rotational axis onto the third sensor axis e3, and the third angular velocity (λ) communicates to the first computational unit, and the first computational unit includes said third angular velocity (λ) value in the computation of the computed pitch angle (θ1C). 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising using a tilt-rate sensor to produce a tilt-rate signal indicative of the time rate of change of the main rotational axis orientation relative to ground due to a bending of the tower, providing a yaw-rate sensor producing a yaw-rate signal indicative of the time rate of change of the angular position of the nacelle about a tower axis, wherein the tilt-rate signal and the yaw-rate signal are received by a first computational unit and the first computational unit includes the yaw-rate signal and the tilt-rate signal in the computation of the computed pitch angle (θ1C).
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (7)
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