Apparatus for cooling machine components using phase-change material
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F28D-015/00
B23Q-011/12
B23Q-001/70
B23Q-011/14
H02K-009/19
출원번호
US-0721885
(2015-05-26)
등록번호
US-9925633
(2018-03-27)
우선권정보
EP-14170049 (2014-05-27)
발명자
/ 주소
Weiss, Lukas
Zuest, Simon
Fischer, Ludger Josef
Worlitschek, Joerg
Reinhard, Edwin
출원인 / 주소
Step-Tec AG
대리인 / 주소
Harness, Dickey & Pierce, P.L.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
2
초록▼
The invention relates, on the one hand, to a machine element (6), for example a motor spindle or an electromechanical drive unit, with integrated, internal cooling system (8) and, on the other hand, to a closed cooling circuit (24) with corresponding machine element (6). According to the invention,
The invention relates, on the one hand, to a machine element (6), for example a motor spindle or an electromechanical drive unit, with integrated, internal cooling system (8) and, on the other hand, to a closed cooling circuit (24) with corresponding machine element (6). According to the invention, the cooling takes place with a special coolant (4). The coolant (4) is a dispersion containing at least one Phase Change Material (PCM).
대표청구항▼
1. A machine element for performing work on a workpiece, comprising: the machine element having various components therein with a desired target operating temperature;a heat source; andan integrated closed loop internal cooling system having a dispersion unit connected downstream from the machine el
1. A machine element for performing work on a workpiece, comprising: the machine element having various components therein with a desired target operating temperature;a heat source; andan integrated closed loop internal cooling system having a dispersion unit connected downstream from the machine element for cooling the heat source using a coolant flowing throughout the closed loop system and through cooling lines in the machine element, the machine element having at least one coolant inflow and at least one coolant outflow,wherein the coolant is a dispersion including at least one Phase Change Material (PCM) having a phase transition temperature at the desired target operating temperature, andwherein the integrated close loop internal cooling system is designed such that the cooling system, in a lower and medium performance range of the machine element, provides a cooling of the machine element to the desired target operating temperature, which is in the solid-liquid phase transition temperature range of the Phase Change Material (PCM) contained in the coolant, and if the medium performance range of the machine element is exceeded, the cooling system cools the machine element by warming the coolant above the phase transition temperature range. 2. The machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion consists of an aqueous continuous phase and an organic discontinuous phase, wherein the discontinuous phase consists of the Phase Change Material (PCM), which performs a solid-liquid phase change in a phase transition temperature range from 18 to 28° C. 3. The machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 1 wherein an outer phase of the dispersion consists of a fluid with low viscosity preferably 0.5 to 1000 mPas, wherein the outer phase includes an oil, a glycol or an aqueous formulation, and also contains additives including inhibitors or preservatives, which minimize corrosion and ageing or reduce bacteria growth. 4. The machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 1 wherein an inner, discontinuous phase of the dispersion, which constitutes the Phase Change Material (PCM), includes an organic, non-polar medium, preferably a paraffin, a fatty acid or a fatty acid ester, and the organic, non-polar medium preferably has a melting point, or a phase transition temperature, which lies at a desired cooling temperature of the machine element, wherein the melting point of the organic, non-polar medium lies in a temperature range from 18 to 28° C. 5. The machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 1 wherein the Phase Change Material (PCM) consists of one of or a combination of paraffins having an empirical formula CnH2n+2, heptadecane having an empirical formula C17H36 or octadecane having an empirical formula C18H38. 6. The machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 1 wherein the coolant dispersion contains a stabilization emulsifier system of surface-active substances, including an emulsifier system having an HLB value (Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance) of 8 to 15 is used, wherein the emulsifier system contains one, or a mix of at least two of the following substances: —sorbitan stearate, —sorbitan monooleate, —glyceryl monostearate, —partially ethoxylated alcohols. 7. The machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 6, wherein the emulsifier system contains first and emulsifiers, wherein the first emulsifiers performs a solid-liquid phase change, and the second emulsifier has a higher melting point, wherein the first or second emulsifier is a polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate or a polyoxyethylene (6) cetyl stearyl ether. 8. The machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 1 wherein the coolant dispersion contains further components having a melting temperature which lies above a phase transition temperature of the Phase Change Material (PCM), said components including organic, non-polar substances from a class of fatty acids or fatty acid esters, palmitic acid or myristic acid. 9. The machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 1 wherein the machine element is a machining spindle of a machine tool. 10. A closed cooling circuit containing a machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 1 wherein the cooling circuit has at least one pump and at least one heat sink, which extracts heat from the coolant, wherein the cooling circuit is connected via cooling lines, preferably pipelines, to the coolant inflow and the coolant outflow of the machine element such that the cooling circuit is of closed configuration. 11. Closed cooling circuit containing a machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 10, wherein the heat sink can cool the coolant so strongly in the course of the heat exchange that the coolant, which contains at least one Phase Change Material (PCM) reaches the sensitive region beneath the phase transition temperature of the dispersion, preferably the closed cooling circuit has for this purpose a regulating and temperature measuring apparatus at the heat sink in order to keep the coolant temperature constant. 12. Closed cooling circuit containing a machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 10 wherein the coolant, following cooling in the heat sink, flows via the coolant inflow into the internal cooling system of the machine element and firstly cools a heat source, which may at least partially be cooled to a temperature beneath the phase transition temperature of the dispersion, wherein the coolant, upon exit from this heat source, has preferably reached the phase transition temperature. 13. Closed cooling circuit containing a machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 10 wherein the closed cooling circuit and the internal cooling system of the machine element are designed such that, in the event of a stoppage of the machine element, the heat sink of the closed cooling circuit can be deactivated and the latent thermal energy stored in the coolant prolongs the maintenance of the temperature of the machine element at phase transition temperature. 14. Closed cooling circuit containing a machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 10 wherein the pump of the cooling circuit is designed such that the pump ensures a constant mix of the dispersion in the coolant. 15. Closed cooling circuit containing a machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 10 wherein the pump of the cooling circuit is constructively designed such that the pump promotes the emulsification of liquid components of the coolant emulsion or a redispersion of the discontinuous phase of the coolant suspension. 16. Closed cooling circuit containing a machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 10 wherein the, preferably variable-speed, pump is a circulation pump, which is preferably disposed, in the direction of flow of the coolant, before the machine element to be cooled, the coolant delivery rate of the pump amounting to 1 to 15 l/min, particularly preferably 4 to 10 l/min. 17. Closed cooling circuit containing a machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 10 wherein the pump is embodied as a stator with stator rim having a therein rotating rotor with rotor rim, wherein the outer diameter of the rotor and the inner diameter of the stator differ by less than 4 mm, preferably 1 to 2 mm, the stator rim preferably extends also in the region of the pump outlet of the pump, particularly preferably the pump is embodied as a centrifugal pump and additionally has a multistage pump vane. 18. Closed cooling circuit containing a machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 10 wherein a dispersing unit is connected downstream of the machine element, the dispersing unit preferably possessing a pumping stage and a dispersing stage. 19. Closed cooling circuit containing a machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 18, wherein the dispersing unit is integrated in the heat sink, the dispersing unit preferably being itself installed in a storage container in front of the coolant tank of the heat sink or in the coolant tank of the heat sink. 20. Closed cooling circuit containing a machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 10 wherein the closed cooling circuit is designed such that between the coolant inflow and the coolant outflow of the coolant at the heat source of the machine element, a temperature difference of less than 1K arises. 21. The machine tool containing at least one machine element with integrated, internal cooling system according to claim 1. 22. A Machine tool according to claim 21, wherein the machine tool has a closed cooling circuit according to claim 10. 23. The machine element according to claim 1 wherein the machine element comprises a motor spindle or an electromechanical drive unit. 24. Apparatus for performing work on a workpiece, comprising: a machine element having various components therein with a desired target operating temperature;a closed loop cooling system for maintaining the machine element at the target temperature, said closed loop cooling system having cooling lines flowing through: the machine element;a heat sink;a dispersion unit connected downstream from the machine element and in between the machine element and the heat sink; anda pump;a dispersion in the cooling lines, the dispersion including at least one Phase Change Material (PCM) having a phase transition temperature at the desired target operating temperature; anda temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the dispersion in the heat sink, the heat sink being activated or deactivated as a function of the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor,wherein the PCM changes from a solid to liquid or from liquid to solid at the phase transition temperature, depending on the operating condition of the machine element, to maintain the components therein at the desired operating temperature.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (2)
Carr Peter (Cary NC), Thermal storage system for a vehicle.
Whitney Raymond A. (Raleigh NC) Colvin Virginia S. (Apex NC) Colvin David P. (Apex NC) Mulligan James C. (Raleigh NC), Two component cutting/cooling fluids for high speed machining.
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