Enhancement of claus tail gas treatment with membrane and reducing step
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
B01D-053/22
B01D-053/40
B01D-053/48
B01D-053/52
B01D-053/62
B01D-053/74
B01D-053/75
C01B-017/04
C01B-017/16
B01D-053/26
출원번호
US-0457338
(2017-03-13)
등록번호
US-9943802
(2018-04-17)
발명자
/ 주소
Ballaguet, Jean-Pierre R.
Vaidya, Milind M.
Hamad, Feras
Duval, Sebastien A.
Charry-Prada, Iran D.
출원인 / 주소
Ballaguet, Jean-Pierre R.
대리인 / 주소
Bracewell LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
20
초록▼
A method for removing sulfur-containing compounds from a sulfur recovery unit (SRU) tail gas stream includes the steps of introducing the SRU tail gas stream to a reducing unit to produce a membrane feed, the reducing unit configured to reduce the sulfur-containing compounds to hydrogen sulfide, int
A method for removing sulfur-containing compounds from a sulfur recovery unit (SRU) tail gas stream includes the steps of introducing the SRU tail gas stream to a reducing unit to produce a membrane feed, the reducing unit configured to reduce the sulfur-containing compounds to hydrogen sulfide, introducing the membrane feed to a hydrogen sulfide membrane unit, the hydrogen sulfide membrane unit comprising a membrane, wherein the membrane feed comprises hydrogen sulfide, allowing the membrane feed to contact a feed side of the membrane such that hydrogen sulfide permeates through the membrane to a permeate side, and collecting the retentate gases that fail to permeate through the membrane to produce a stack feed, wherein the stack feed comprises retentate gases.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for removing sulfur-containing compounds from a sulfur recovery unit (SRU) tail gas stream, the method comprising the steps of: introducing the SRU tail gas stream to a reducing unit to produce a membrane feed, the reducing unit configured to reduce the sulfur-containing compounds to hyd
1. A method for removing sulfur-containing compounds from a sulfur recovery unit (SRU) tail gas stream, the method comprising the steps of: introducing the SRU tail gas stream to a reducing unit to produce a membrane feed, the reducing unit configured to reduce the sulfur-containing compounds to hydrogen sulfide;introducing the membrane feed to a hydrogen sulfide membrane unit, the hydrogen sulfide membrane unit comprising a membrane, wherein the membrane feed comprises hydrogen sulfide;allowing the membrane feed to contact a feed side of the membrane such that hydrogen sulfide permeates through the membrane to a permeate side; andcollecting the retentate gases that fail to permeate through the membrane to produce a stack feed, wherein the stack feed comprises retentate gases. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the membrane is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen sulfide-selective membrane and an acid gas-selective membrane. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of introducing the SRU tail gas stream to a reducing unit to produce a membrane feed, further comprises the steps of: introducing the SRU tail gas stream to a reduction reactor of the reducing unit;introducing a reducing agent to the reduction reactor;allowing the sulfur-containing compounds to react with the reducing agent in reduction reactions to produce a reduced stream, wherein the reduction reactions reduce the sulfur-containing compounds to hydrogen sulfide, wherein the reduced stream comprises non-condensing gases and water vapor;introducing the reduced stream to a reduction separator; andseparating the non-condensing gases from the water vapor in the reduction separator to produce the membrane feed and a waste water stream, wherein the membrane feed comprises the non-condensed gases, wherein the non-condensed gases comprise hydrogen sulfide, and wherein the waste water stream comprises condensed water. 4. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of: supplying a sweep air feed to the permeate side of the membrane;collecting the hydrogen sulfide that permeates the membrane in the sweep air feed to produce a hydrogen sulfide enriched air; andintroducing the hydrogen sulfide enriched air to a sulfur recovery unit, the sulfur recovery unit configured to produce the SRU tail stream. 5. The method of claim 4 further comprising the steps of: introducing an acid gas feed to an enrichment unit, wherein the acid gas feed comprises hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide;allowing the hydrogen sulfide to separate from the carbon dioxide to produce an enriched feed and a carbon dioxide rich stream, wherein the enriched feed comprises hydrogen sulfide, wherein the carbon dioxide rich stream comprises carbon dioxide; andintroducing the enriched feed to the sulfur recovery unit. 6. The method of claim 5 further comprising the steps of: introducing an acid gas feed to an enrichment unit, wherein the acid gas feed comprises hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide;introducing a membrane recycle to the enrichment unit, wherein the membrane recycle comprises hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide;allowing the hydrogen sulfide to separate from the carbon dioxide in the enrichment unit to produce an enriched feed and a carbon dioxide rich stream, wherein the enriched feed comprises hydrogen sulfide, wherein the carbon dioxide rich stream comprises carbon dioxide;supplying the carbon dioxide rich stream to the permeate side of the membrane of hydrogen sulfide membrane unit;collecting the hydrogen sulfide that permeates through the membrane to the permeate side in the carbon dioxide rich stream to produce the membrane recycle; andintroducing the enriched feed to a sulfur recovery unit, the sulfur recovery unit configured to produce the SRU tail gas stream. 7. The method of claim 1 further comprising the steps of: forming a hydrogen sulfide recycle stream from the hydrogen sulfide that permeates the membrane of the hydrogen sulfide membrane unit, wherein the hydrogen sulfide recycle stream comprises hydrogen sulfide. 8. The method of claim 7 further comprising the steps of: mixing the hydrogen sulfide recycle stream with an air feed to form a diluted recycle stream, where the diluted recycle stream comprises hydrogen sulfide and air; andintroducing the diluted recycle stream to a sulfur recovery unit, the sulfur recovery unit configured to produce the SRU tail gas stream. 9. The method of claim 7 further comprising the steps of: introducing the hydrogen sulfide recycle stream to an enrichment unit;introducing an acid gas feed to the enrichment unit, wherein the acid gas feed comprises hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide;allowing the hydrogen sulfide to separate from the carbon dioxide in the enrichment unit to produce an enriched feed and a carbon dioxide rich stream, wherein the enriched feed comprises hydrogen sulfide, wherein the carbon dioxide rich stream comprises carbon dioxide; andintroducing the enriched feed to a sulfur recovery unit, the sulfur recovery unit configured to produce the SRU tail gas stream. 10. The method of claim 7 further comprising the steps of: mixing the hydrogen sulfide recycle stream with an acid gas feed to produce a mixed feed, wherein the mixed feed comprises hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide; andintroducing the mixed feed to an enrichment unit; andallowing the hydrogen sulfide to separate from the carbon dioxide in the enrichment unit to produce an enriched feed and a carbon dioxide rich stream, wherein the enriched feed comprises hydrogen sulfide, wherein the carbon dioxide rich stream comprises carbon dioxide. 11. The method of claim 7 further comprising the steps of: introducing an acid gas feed to an enrichment unit, where the acid gas feed comprises hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide;allowing the hydrogen sulfide to separate from the carbon dioxide in the enrichment unit to produce an enriched feed and carbon dioxide rich stream, where the enriched feed comprises hydrogen sulfide, where the carbon dioxide rich stream comprises carbon dioxide;mixing the hydrogen sulfide recycle stream with the enriched feed to produce a mixed enriched feed; andintroducing the mixed enriched feed to a sulfur recovery unit, the sulfur recovery unit configured to produce the SRU tail gas stream. 12. The method of claim 7, further comprising the steps of: introducing an acid gas feed to a carbon dioxide membrane unit, the carbon dioxide membrane unit comprising a carbon dioxide-selective membrane, where the acid gas feed comprises carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide;allowing the acid gas feed to contact a feed side of the carbon dioxide-selective membrane such that carbon dioxide permeates through the carbon dioxide-selective membrane to a permeate side;collecting the carbon dioxide that permeates the carbon dioxide-selective membrane to form a carbon dioxide permeate, where the carbon dioxide permeate comprises carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide;collecting feed gases that fail to permeate the carbon dioxide-selective membrane to form a hydrogen sulfide retentate, where the hydrogen sulfide retentate comprises hydrogen sulfide;introducing the carbon dioxide permeate to an enrichment unit;allowing the hydrogen sulfide to separate from the carbon dioxide in the enrichment unit to produce an enriched feed and carbon dioxide rich stream, where the enriched feed comprises hydrogen sulfide, where the carbon dioxide rich stream comprises carbon dioxide;mixing the hydrogen sulfide recycle stream, the enriched feed and the hydrogen sulfide retentate to produce a hydrogen sulfide rich feed; andintroducing the hydrogen sulfide rich feed to a sulfur recovery unit, the sulfur recovery unit configured to produce the SRU tail gas stream. 13. The method of claim 7 further comprising the steps of: mixing the hydrogen sulfide recycle stream and an acid gas feed to produce a mixed feed, wherein the mixed feed comprises hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide;introducing the mixed feed to a carbon dioxide membrane unit, the carbon dioxide membrane unit comprising a carbon dioxide-selective membrane;allowing the acid gas feed to contact a feed side of the carbon dioxide-selective membrane such that carbon dioxide permeates through the carbon dioxide-selective membrane to a permeate side,collecting the carbon dioxide that permeates the carbon dioxide-selective membrane to form a carbon dioxide permeate;collecting feed gases that fail to permeate the carbon dioxide-selective membrane to form a hydrogen sulfide retentate, where the hydrogen sulfide retentate comprises hydrogen sulfide;introducing the carbon dioxide permeate to an enrichment unit to produce an enriched feed and a carbon dioxide rich stream, wherein the enriched feed comprises hydrogen sulfide, wherein the carbon dioxide rich stream comprises carbon dioxide;mixing the enriched feed and the hydrogen sulfide retentate to produce a combined feed; andintroducing the combined feed to a sulfur recovery unit, the sulfur recovery unit configured to produce the SRU tail gas stream. 14. A method for removing sulfur-containing compounds from a sulfur recovery unit (SRU) tail gas stream, the method comprising the steps of: introducing the SRU tail gas stream to a reducing unit to produce a membrane feed, the reducing unit configured to reduce the sulfur-containing compounds to hydrogen sulfide;introducing the membrane feed to an acid gas membrane unit to produce an acid gas retentate, the acid gas membrane unit comprising an acid gas-selective membrane;allowing the membrane feed to contact the acid gas-selective membrane such that acid gases permeate the acid gas-selective membrane to a permeate side;supplying a steam feed to the permeate side of the acid gas-selective membrane, wherein the steam feed comprises a low pressure de-aerated steam;collecting the acid gases that permeate the acid gas-selective membrane in the steam feed to produce an acid gas permeate, wherein the acid gas permeate comprises acid gases and water vapor;collecting the retentate gases that fail to permeate the membrane in an acid gas retentate, wherein the acid gas retentate comprises the retentate gases;introducing the acid gas permeate to a water condenser, the water condenser configured to separate water vapor from the acid gases;allowing the water vapor to condense in the water condenser to produce a sour water stream and an acid gas rich stream, wherein the sour water stream comprises condensed water and the acid gas rich stream comprises acid gases, wherein the acid gases comprise carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide;introducing the acid gas rich stream to an enrichment unit;allowing the hydrogen sulfide to separate from the carbon dioxide in the enrichment unit to produce an enriched feed and a carbon dioxide rich stream, where the enriched feed comprises hydrogen sulfide, where the carbon dioxide rich stream comprises carbon dioxide;introducing the enriched feed to a sulfur recovery unit, the sulfur recovery unit configured to produce the SRU tail gas stream. 15. The method of claim 14 further comprising the steps of: introducing the acid gas retentate to a feed side of a hydrogen sulfide membrane unit, the hydrogen sulfide membrane unit comprising a membrane;allowing the acid gas retentate to contact the membrane such that hydrogen sulfide permeates the membrane to a permeate side;supplying a sweep air feed to the permeate side of the membrane;collecting the hydrogen sulfide that permeates membrane in the sweep air feed to produce a sulfur recovery unit feed; andintroducing the sulfur recovery unit feed to the sulfur recovery unit. 16. An apparatus to remove sulfur-containing compounds from a sulfur recovery unit tail gas stream, the apparatus comprising: a reducing unit, the reducing unit configured to reduce the sulfur-containing compounds to hydrogen sulfide to produce a membrane feed; anda hydrogen sulfide membrane unit fluidly connected to the reducing unit, the hydrogen sulfide membrane unit comprising a membrane, wherein the membrane feed contacts a feed side of the membrane such that hydrogen sulfide present in the membrane feed permeates through the membrane to a permeate side, wherein the retentate gases that fail to permeate the membrane exit the hydrogen sulfide membrane unit as a stack feed. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the reducing unit comprises: a reduction reactor, the reduction reactor configured to react sulfur-containing compounds present in the SRU tail gas stream and a reducing agent to produce a reduced stream, where the reduced stream comprises hydrogen sulfide and water vapor;a reduction separator, the reduction separator configured to condense the water vapor in the reduced stream to produce a waste water stream and the membrane feed. 18. The apparatus of claim 16 further comprising: an enrichment unit fluidly connected to a sulfur recovery unit, the enrichment unit configured to produce an enriched feed; andthe sulfur recovery unit, the sulfur recovery unit fluidly connected to the reducing unit, the sulfur recovery unit configured to produce the SRU tail gas stream. 19. The apparatus of claim 18 further comprising: a carbon dioxide membrane unit in fluid communication with the enrichment unit, the carbon dioxide membrane unit comprising a carbon dioxide-selective membrane, the carbon dioxide membrane unit configured to produce a carbon dioxide permeate and a hydrogen sulfide retentate. 20. An apparatus to remove sulfur-containing compounds from a sulfur recovery unit tail gas stream, the apparatus comprising: a reducing unit, the reducing unit configured to reduce the sulfur-containing compounds to hydrogen sulfide to produce a membrane feed; andan acid gas membrane unit fluidly connected to the reducing unit, the acid gas membrane unit comprising an acid gas-selective membrane, wherein the membrane feed contacts a feed side of the acid gas-selective membrane such that acid gases permeate through the acid gas-selective membrane to a permeate side, wherein the retentate gases that fail to permeate the acid gas-selective membrane exit the acid gas membrane unit as an acid gas retentate. 21. The apparatus of claim 20 further comprising: an enrichment unit fluidly connected to a sulfur recovery unit, the enrichment unit configured to produce an enriched feed; andthe sulfur recovery unit, the sulfur recovery unit fluidly connected to the reducing unit, the sulfur recovery unit configured to produce the SRU tail gas stream. 22. The apparatus of claim 21 further comprising: a carbon dioxide membrane unit in fluid communication with the enrichment unit, the carbon dioxide membrane unit comprising a carbon dioxide-selective membrane, the carbon dioxide membrane unit configured to produce a carbon dioxide permeate and a hydrogen sulfide retentate. 23. The apparatus of claim 20 further comprising a hydrogen sulfide membrane unit fluidly connected to the acid gas membrane unit, the hydrogen sulfide membrane unit comprising a membrane, wherein the acid gas retentate contacts a feed side of the membrane such that hydrogen sulfide permeates through the membrane to a permeate side, wherein the retentate gases that fail to permeate the membrane exit the hydrogen sulfide membrane as a stack feed.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (20)
Baker Richard W. (Palo Alto CA) Lokhandwala Kaaeid A. (Menlo Park CA), Acid gas fractionation process.
Wijmans Johannes G. (Menlo Park CA) Kaschemekat Jrgen (Palo Alto CA) Baker Richard W. (Palo Alto CA), Membrane process and apparatus for removing a component from a fluid stream.
Kaschemekat Jrgen (Palo Alto CA) Baker Richard W. (Palo Alto CA) Wijmans Johannes G. (Menlo Park CA), Process for removing condensable components from gas streams.
Kaschemekat Jrgen (Palo Alto CA) Baker Richard W. (Palo Alto CA) Wijmans Johannes G. (Menlo Park CA), Process for removing condensable components from gas streams.
Kokkonen Kari (Tampere FIX) Tuominiemi Seppo (Pirkkala FIX) Alppi Hannu (Tampere FIX) Kenakkala Timo (Tampere FIX), Process for the removal of sulfur dioxide from hot flue gases.
Baker Richard W. ; Lokhandwala Kaaeid A. ; Gottschlich Douglas ; Jacobs Marc L., Separation process combining condensation, membrane separation and flash evaporation.
Ballaguet, Jean-Pierre R.; Vaidya, Milind M.; Duval, Sebastien A.; Harale, Aadesh; Khawajah, Anwar H.; Tammana, Veera Venkata R., Sulfur recovery process for treating low to medium mole percent hydrogen sulfide gas feeds with BTEX in a Claus unit.
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