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There is described, inter alia, a coated bead comprising: (a) a granule; (b) a first layer coated over the granule, the first layer comprising a first amount of an active pharmaceutical ingredient comprising a central nervous system stimulant; and (c) a second layer coated over the first layer, the

There is described, inter alia, a coated bead comprising: (a) a granule; (b) a first layer coated over the granule, the first layer comprising a first amount of an active pharmaceutical ingredient comprising a central nervous system stimulant; and (c) a second layer coated over the first layer, the second layer being present in an amount sufficient to substantially delay release of the active pharmaceutical ingredient in the first layer until after the coated bead reaches a distal intestine portion of a subject to whom the coated bead is administered; and (d) the third layer coated over the second layer, the third layer comprising a second amount of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, the third layer being configured to permit substantially immediate release of the active pharmaceutical ingredient comprised therein. Embodiments related to a solid oral pharmaceutical composition are also described.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A plurality of coated beads, wherein each coated bead comprises: (a) a granule;(b) a first layer coated over the granule, the first layer comprising a first amount of methylphenidate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;(c) an inner controlled release coating over the first layer and an

1. A plurality of coated beads, wherein each coated bead comprises: (a) a granule;(b) a first layer coated over the granule, the first layer comprising a first amount of methylphenidate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;(c) an inner controlled release coating over the first layer and an outer delayed release coating coated over the inner controlled release coating; and(d) an immediate release layer comprising a second amount of methylphenidate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof coated over the outer delayed release coating, the immediate release layer providing immediate release of the second amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein the plurality of the coated beads has the following in vitro methylphenidate dissolution profile: Time Methylphenidate (hours)(% dissolved)1NLT 15%4 18-38%8 35-55%1268-9816NLT 68when tested according to the USP paddle method, 100 rpm at 37° C.; (i) starting with 900 ml simulated gastric fluid for 2 hours, (ii) followed by 900 ml phosphate buffer pH 6.0 for 4 hours, and (iii) for the 7th hour onwards, 900 ml of phosphate buffer pH 7.4; USP Acceptance Table 2; and wherein the plurality of beads provides, in a fed state, an in vivo methylphenidate Tmax0-4 of about 3 hours and a methylphenidate Tmax8-16 of about 13.5 hours. 2. The plurality of coated beads of claim 1, wherein the inner controlled release coating is selected from the group consisting of an ethylcellulose polymer, a cellulose ether, a polyethylene oxide, a polyvinyl alcohol derivate, a methacrylic acid copolymer, a polyethylene glycol, a polyglycolic acid, a polylactic acid, a polycaprolactone, a poly(n-hydroxybutyrate), a polyamino acid, a poly(amide-enamine), a polyester, an ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), a polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), a poly (acrylic acid) (PAA), a poly (methacrylic acid) (PMAA), and mixtures of any two or more thereof. 3. The plurality of coated beads of claim 1, wherein the inner controlled release coating is present in an amount of about 3% to about 16% by weight of the coated bead. 4. The plurality of coated beads of claim 1, wherein the outer delayed release coating comprises an anionic copolymer based on methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid present in a ratio of 7:3:1, respectively. 5. The plurality of coated beads of claim 1, wherein the outer delayed release coating is present in an amount of from about 3% to about 20% by weight, of the coated bead. 6. The plurality of coated beads of claim 1, wherein the first amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and the second amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, together, provide a total amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the coated bead, and wherein the first amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises from about 70% to about 99% by weight of the total amount of the methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 7. The plurality of coated beads of claim 1, wherein the granule is selected from the group consisting of: a sugar sphere, a microcrystalline cellulose granule, a silica granule, a starch granule, a lactose granule, a calcium carbonate granule, and a mannitol-polyvinylpyrrolidone granule. 8. An oral solid pharmaceutical composition comprising a plurality of coated beads, wherein each coated bead comprises: (a) a granule;(b) a first layer coated over the granule, the first layer comprising a first amount of methylphenidate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;(c) an inner controlled release coating coated over the first layer and an outer delayed release coating coated over the inner controlled release coating; and(d) an immediate release layer comprising a second amount of methylphenidate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, coated over the outer delayed release coating, the immediate release layer providing immediate release of the second amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein the plurality of coated beads has the following in vitro methylphenidate dissolution profile: TimeMethylphenidate (hours)(% dissolved) 1NLT 15% 4 18-38% 8 35-55%1268-9816NLT 68 when tested according to the USP paddle method, 100 rpm, at 37° C.; (i) starting with 900 ml simulated gastric fluid for 2 hours, (ii) followed by 900 ml phosphate buffer pH 6.0 for 4 hours, and (iii) for the 7th hour onwards, 900 mL of phosphate buffer pH 7.4; USP Acceptance Table 2; and wherein the oral solid pharmaceutical composition provides, in a fed state, an in vivo methylphenidate Tmax0-4 of about 3 hours and a methylphenidate Tmax8-16 of about 13.5 hours. 9. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, which is in the form of a capsule comprising the plurality of coated beads. 10. The plurality of coated beads of claim 1, wherein the inner controlled release coating comprises ammonio methacrylate copolymer, Type B USP/NF. 11. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein the inner controlled release coating comprises ammonio methacrylate copolymer, Type B USP/NF. 12. The plurality of coated beads of claim 1, wherein the outer delayed release coating comprises poly(methyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) 7:3:1. 13. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein the outer delayed release coating comprises poly(methyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) 7:3:1. 14. The plurality of coated beads of claim 1, wherein (i) the inner controlled release coating comprises ammonio methacrylate copolymer, Type B USP/NF and (ii) the outer delayed release coating comprises poly(methyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) 7:3:1. 15. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein (i) the inner controlled release coating comprises ammonio methacrylate copolymer, Type B USP/NF and (ii) the outer delayed release coating comprises poly(methyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) 7:3:1. 16. The plurality of coated beads of claim 6, wherein the first amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises from about 78% to about 82% by weight of the total amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 17. The plurality of coated beads of claim 16, wherein the first amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises about 80% by weight of the total amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and the second amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises about 20% by weight of the total amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 18. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein the inner controlled release coating is selected from the group consisting of an ethylcellulose polymer, a cellulose ether, a polyethylene oxide, a polyvinyl alcohol derivate, a methacrylic acid copolymer, a polyethylene glycol, a polyglycolic acid, a polylactic acid, a polycaprolactone, a poly(n-hydroxybutyrate), a polyamino acid, a poly(amide-enamine), a polyester, an ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), a polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), a poly (acrylic acid) (PAA), a poly (methacrylic acid) (PMAA), and mixtures of any two or more thereof. 19. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein the inner controlled release coating comprises about 3% to about 16% of the coated bead, by weight. 20. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein the outer delayed release coating comprises an anionic copolymer based on methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid present in a ratio of 7:3:1, respectively. 21. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein the outer delayed release coating is present in an amount of from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of the coated beads. 22. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein the first amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and the second amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, together, provide a total amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in each bead and wherein the first amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises from about 70% to about 99% by weight of the total amount of the methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in each bead. 23. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 22, wherein the first amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises from about 78% to about 82% by weight of the total amount of the methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in each bead. 24. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 23, wherein the first amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises about 80% by weight of the total amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and the second amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises about 20% by weight of the total amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 25. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein the granule is selected from the group consisting of: a sugar sphere, a microcrystalline cellulose granule, a silica granule, a starch granule, a lactose granule, a calcium carbonate granule, and a mannitol-polyvinylpyrrolidone granule. 26. A plurality of coated beads, wherein each coated bead comprises: a core comprising a first amount of methylphenidate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;an inner controlled release coating coated over the core and an outer delayed release coating coated over the inner controlled release coating; andan immediate release layer comprising a second amount of methylphenidate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, coated over the outer delayed release coating,the immediate release layer providing immediate release of the second amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein the plurality of the coated beads has the following in vitro methylphenidate dissolution profile: Time Methylphenidate(hours)(% dissolved)1NLT 15%4 18-38%8 35-55%1268-9816NLT 68 when tested according to the USP paddle method, 100 rpm at 37° C.; (i) starting with 900 ml simulated gastric fluid for 2 hours, (ii) followed by 900 ml phosphate buffer pH 6.0 for 4 hours, and (iii) for the 7th hour onwards, 900 ml of phosphate buffer pH 7.4; USP Acceptance Table 2; and wherein the plurality of beads provides, in a fed state, an in vivo methylphenidate Tmax0-4 of about 3 hours and a methylphenidate Tmax8-16 of about 13.5 hours. 27. The plurality of coated beads of claim 26, wherein the first amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises about 80% by weight of the total amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and the second amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises about 20% by weight of the total amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 28. An oral solid pharmaceutical composition comprising the plurality of coated beads of claim 26. 29. An oral solid pharmaceutical composition comprising a plurality of coated beads, wherein each coated bead comprises: (a) a granule;(b) a first layer coated over the granule, the first layer comprising a first amount of methylphenidate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;(c) an inner controlled release coating coated over the first layer and an outer delayed release coating coated over the inner controlled release coating, wherein the inner controlled release coating is present in an amount of about 3% to about 16% by weight of the coated bead and wherein the outer delayed release coating is present in an amount of from about 3% to about 20% by weight of the coated bead; and(d) an immediate release layer comprising a second amount of methylphenidate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, coated over the outer delayed release coating, the immediate release layer providing immediate release of the second amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;wherein the first amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and the second amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, together, provide a total amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in each coated bead, and wherein the first amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises about 80% by weight of the total amount of the methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises about 20% by weight of the total amount of methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in each bead;wherein the plurality of coated beads has the following in vitro methylphenidate dissolution profile: TimeMethylphenidate(hours)(% dissolved) 1NLT 15% 4 18-38%  8 35-55%1268-9816NLT 68 when tested according to the USP paddle method, 100 rpm, at 37° C.; (i) starting with 900 ml simulated gastric fluid for 2 hours, (ii) followed by 900 ml phosphate buffer pH 6.0 for 4 hours, and (iii) for the 7th hour onwards, 900 mL of phosphate buffer pH 7.4; USP Acceptance Table 2; and wherein the oral solid pharmaceutical composition provides, in a fed state, an in vivo methylphenidate Tmax0-4 of about 3 hours and a methylphenidate Tmax8-16 of about 13.5 hours. 30. The oral solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 29, wherein the outer delayed release coating is poly(methyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) 7:3:1 and the inner controlled release coating is ammonio methacrylate copolymer, Type B USP/NF.