A thermal management system includes at least one vapor compression system (VCS) that is configured to cool portions of the vehicle. The VCS circulates a fluid therethrough to cool the portions of the vehicle through heat exchange. At least one reverse air cycle machine (RACM) couples to VCS through
A thermal management system includes at least one vapor compression system (VCS) that is configured to cool portions of the vehicle. The VCS circulates a fluid therethrough to cool the portions of the vehicle through heat exchange. At least one reverse air cycle machine (RACM) couples to VCS through a first heat exchanger. The RACM is configured to receive ram air. The RACM expands the ram air. Heat from the fluid circulating through the VCS is transferred to the expanded ram air through the first heat exchanger.
대표청구항▼
1. A thermal management system that is configured to cool portions of a vehicle, the thermal management system comprising: at least one vapor compression system (VCS) that is configured to cool the portions of the vehicle, wherein the at least one VCS circulates a fluid therethrough to cool the port
1. A thermal management system that is configured to cool portions of a vehicle, the thermal management system comprising: at least one vapor compression system (VCS) that is configured to cool the portions of the vehicle, wherein the at least one VCS circulates a fluid therethrough to cool the portions of the vehicle through heat exchange; andat least one reverse air cycle machine (RACM) that couples to the at least one VCS through a first heat exchanger, wherein the at least one RACM comprises: a first turbine;a second turbine;a first compressor;a second compressor;a first branching conduit in fluid communication with an inlet conduit and the first and second turbines, wherein the ram air is split into a first ram air stream and a second ram air stream within the first branching conduit;a first turbine conduit in fluid communication with the first turbine, wherein the first ram air stream passes into the first turbine conduit;a second turbine conduit in fluid communication with the second turbine, wherein the second ram air stream passes into the second turbine conduit; anda merging conduit in fluid communication with the first and second turbine conduits and an exchange inlet conduit, wherein the first and second ram air streams are merged within the merging conduit,wherein the at least one RACM is configured to receive ram air, wherein the at least one RACM expands the ram air, and wherein heat from the fluid circulating through the at least one VCS is transferred to the ram air that is expanded through the first heat exchanger. 2. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the at least one RACM further comprises: a second branching conduit in fluid communication with an exchange outlet conduit and the first and second compressors, wherein the ram air is split into a third ram air stream and a fourth ram air stream within the second branching conduit;a first compressor conduit in fluid communication with the first compressor, wherein the third ram air stream passes into the first compressor conduit;a second compressor conduit in fluid communication with the second compressor, wherein the fourth ram air stream passes into the second compressor conduit; anda merging conduit in fluid communication with the first and second compressor conduits and an outlet conduit, wherein the third and fourth ram air streams are merged within the merging conduit. 3. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the first turbine, the second turbine, the first compressor, and the second compressor are coupled to a common shaft. 4. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the at least one RACM comprises a motor coupled to one or more of the first turbine, the second turbine, the first compressor, or the second compressor. 5. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the first and second turbines are configured to expand the ram air and at least partially drive the first and second compressors. 6. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the first and second compressors are configured to compress the ram air after the heat from the at least one VCS is transferred to the ram air, and wherein the ram air is exhausted from the vehicle after the first and second compressors compress the ram air. 7. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the thermal management system refrains from utilizing bleed air from an engine of the vehicle. 8. The thermal management system of claim 1, further comprising a second heat exchanger that couples the at least one VCS to a ram air conduit that connects to a ram air inlet, wherein heat from the fluid circulating through the at least one VCS is also transferred to the ram air flowing through the ram air conduit through the second heat exchanger. 9. The thermal management system of claim 1, further comprising a second heat exchanger that couples the at least one VCS to a fuel line that connects a fuel tank to an engine of the vehicle, wherein heat from the fluid circulating through the at least one VCS is also transferred to fuel flowing through the fuel line through the second heat exchanger. 10. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the at least one VCS comprises at least two parallel VCS units. 11. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the at least one RACM comprises at least two parallel RACMs. 12. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the at least RACM comprises one or more first valves configured to control a flow of ram air through a heat exchange circuit that includes the first exchanger, and wherein the at least one VCS comprises one or more second valves configured to control a flow of the fluid through the at least one VCS. 13. The thermal management system of claim 12, further comprising a control unit operatively coupled to the one or more first valves and the one or more second valves, wherein the control unit selectively controls the one or more first valves and the one or more second valves. 14. A thermal management method of cooling portions of a vehicle, the thermal management method comprising: cooling the portions of the vehicle with at least one vapor compression system (VCS), wherein the cooling operation comprises circulating a fluid the at least one VCS to cool the portions of the vehicle through heat exchange; andreceiving ram air with at least one reverse air cycle machine (RACM) that couples to the at least one VCS through a first heat exchanger, wherein the at least one RACM comprises a first turbine, a second turbine, a first compressor, a second compressor, a first branching conduit in fluid communication with an inlet conduit and the first and second turbines, a first turbine conduit in fluid communication with the first turbine, a second turbine conduit in fluid communication with the second turbine, and a merging conduit in fluid communication with the first and second turbine conduits and an exchange inlet conduit, wherein the ram air is split into a first ram air stream and a second ram air stream within the first branching conduit, wherein the first ram air stream passes into the first turbine conduit, wherein the second ram air stream passes into the second turbine conduit, and wherein the first and second ram air streams are merged within the merging conduit;expanding the ram air with the at least one RACM; andtransferring heat from the fluid circulating through the at least one VCS to the ram air that is expanded through the first heat exchanger. 15. A reverse air cycle machine (RACM) comprising: a first turbine;a second turbine;a first compressor;a second compressor;a first branching conduit in fluid communication with the first and second turbines, wherein the first branching conduit is configured to split an air stream into a first air stream and a second air stream;a first turbine conduit in fluid communication with the first turbine, wherein the first turbine conduit is configured to receive the first air stream;a second turbine conduit in fluid communication with the second turbine, wherein the second turbine conduit is configured to receive the second air stream; anda merging conduit in fluid communication with the first and second turbine conduits, wherein the merging conduit is configured to merge the first and second ram air streams. 16. The RACM of claim 15, further comprising: a second branching conduit in fluid communication with the first and second compressors, wherein the second branching conduit is configured to split the air stream into a third air stream and a fourth air stream;a first compressor conduit in fluid communication with the first compressor, wherein the first compressor conduit is configured to receive the third air stream;a second compressor conduit in fluid communication with the second compressor, wherein the second compressor conduit is configured to receive the fourth air stream; anda merging conduit in fluid communication with the first and second compressor conduits, wherein the third and fourth air streams are merged within the merging conduit. 17. The RACM of claim 15, wherein the first turbine, the second turbine, the first compressor, and the second compressor are coupled to a common shaft. 18. A thermal management system that is configured to cool portions of a vehicle, the thermal management system comprising: at least one vapor compression system (VCS) that is configured to cool the portions of the vehicle, wherein the at least one VCS circulates a fluid therethrough to cool the portions of the vehicle through heat exchange; andat least one reverse air cycle machine (RACM) that couples to the at least one VCS through a first heat exchanger, wherein the at least one RACM is configured to receive ram air, wherein the at least one RACM expands the ram air, wherein heat from the fluid circulating through the at least one VCS is transferred to the ram air that is expanded through the first heat exchanger, wherein the at least one RACM comprises: a first turbine;a second turbine;a first compressor;a second compressor, wherein the first turbine, the second turbine, the first compressor, and the second compressor are coupled to a common shaft;a first branching conduit in fluid communication with an inlet conduit and the first and second turbines, wherein the ram air is split into a first ram air stream and a second ram air stream within the first branching conduit;a first turbine conduit in fluid communication with the first turbine, wherein the first ram air stream passes into the first turbine conduit;a second turbine conduit in fluid communication with the second turbine, wherein the second ram air stream passes into the second turbine conduit;a first merging conduit in fluid communication with the first and second turbine conduits and an exchange inlet conduit, wherein the first and second ram air streams are merged within the first merging conduit;a second branching conduit in fluid communication with an exchange outlet conduit and the first and second compressors, wherein the merged ram air is split into a third ram air stream and a fourth ram air stream within the second branching conduit;a first compressor conduit in fluid communication with the first compressor, wherein the third ram air stream passes into the first compressor conduit;a second compressor conduit in fluid communication with the second compressor, wherein the fourth ram air stream passes into the second compressor conduit; anda merging conduit in fluid communication with the first and second compressor conduits and an outlet conduit, wherein the third and fourth ram air streams are merged within the merging conduit. 19. The thermal management method of claim 14, wherein the at least one RACM further comprises a second branching conduit in fluid communication with an exchange outlet conduit and the first and second compressors, a first compressor conduit in fluid communication with the first compressor, a second compressor conduit in fluid communication with the second compressor, and a merging conduit in fluid communication with the first and second compressor conduits and an outlet conduit, wherein the ram air is split into a third ram air stream and a fourth ram air stream within the second branching conduit, wherein the third ram air stream passes into the first compressor conduit, wherein the fourth ram air stream passes into the second compressor conduit, and wherein the third and fourth ram air streams are merged within the merging conduit.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (7)
Jonqueres Michel, Air cycle environmental control system with vapor cycle system assisted condensation.
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