System and method for load balancing of intermittent renewable energy for an electricity grid
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F01K-003/02
C01C-001/04
C01B-003/02
C25B-001/04
F03D-009/10
F03D-009/25
F01K-025/10
H02K-007/18
H02P-009/04
출원번호
US-0315476
(2014-06-16)
등록번호
US-10066511
(2018-09-04)
국제출원번호
PCT/EP2014/062584
(2014-06-16)
국제공개번호
WO2015/192877
(2015-12-23)
발명자
/ 주소
Heid, Oliver
Beasley, Paul
Hughes, Timothy
출원인 / 주소
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
대리인 / 주소
Beusse Wolter Sanks & Maire
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
1
초록▼
A system and method for load balancing of intermittent renewable energy for an electricity grid includes a production unit for producing Hydrogen and Nitrogen, a mixing unit to receive and mix the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen, an Ammonia source for receiving and processing the Hydrogen-Nitrogen mixture
A system and method for load balancing of intermittent renewable energy for an electricity grid includes a production unit for producing Hydrogen and Nitrogen, a mixing unit to receive and mix the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen, an Ammonia source for receiving and processing the Hydrogen-Nitrogen mixture, an Ammonia power generator for generating energy for the energy grid, a Hydrogen injection system for extracting a Hydrogen portion from a stage of the system and for adding extracted Hydrogen to the gas stream to be provided to the Ammonia power generator, and a Hydrogen control system for controlling a flow rate of Hydrogen from the Hydrogen injection system to the gas stream to be provided to the Ammonia power generator, the flow rate determined in accordance with a data set which contains information about actual working conditions of the Ammonia power generator and which is received by the Hydrogen control system.
대표청구항▼
1. A system for providing energy for an energy grid based on energy provided by a renewable energy source, comprising an H2-N2-production unit for producing Hydrogen and Nitrogen, wherein the H2-N2-production unit is operated by using the energy provided by the renewable energy source,a mixing unit
1. A system for providing energy for an energy grid based on energy provided by a renewable energy source, comprising an H2-N2-production unit for producing Hydrogen and Nitrogen, wherein the H2-N2-production unit is operated by using the energy provided by the renewable energy source,a mixing unit configured to receive and mix the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen produced by the H2-N2-production unit to form a Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture,an ammonia (NH3) source for receiving and processing the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture for generating a gas mixture containing NH3, wherein the NH3 source comprises an NH3 storage vessel for storing at least a part of the NH3 of the gas mixture containing NH3,an NH3 power generator for generating the energy for the energy grid, wherein the NH3 power generator is fluidly connected to the NH3 storage vessel to receive a gas stream containing NH3 from the NH3 storage vessel and wherein the NH3 power generator comprises a combustion chamber to combust the received NH3 of the gas stream to generate the energy for the energy grid,a Hydrogen injection system (HIS) for extracting a Hydrogen portion from a stage of the system and for adding extracted Hydrogen to the gas stream to be provided to the NH3 power generator,wherein the Hydrogen injection system comprises a Hydrogen control system for controlling an HIS flow rate of Hydrogen from the Hydrogen injection system to the gas stream to be provided to the NH3 power generator, the HIS flow rate being determined in accordance with a data set which contains information about actual working conditions of the NH3 power generator, wherein the data set is received by the Hydrogen control system,wherein the mixing unit is fluidly connected to the H2-N2-production unit to receive the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen produced therein, wherein the mixing unit comprises a temporary storage system for receiving and buffering the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen from the H2-N2-production unit, andwherein the stage at which the Hydrogen portion is extracted is the temporary storage system. 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the Hydrogen control system is further for controlling a stage flow rate of Hydrogen from the stage at which the Hydrogen portion is extracted into the Hydrogen injection system. 3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the controlling by the Hydrogen control system is based on the data set, and wherein the working conditions include at least one of:a status of combustion in the combustion chamber,an NH3 flow rate of NH3 from the NH3 storage vessel,a temperature in the combustion chamber,an actual chemical composition of a gas mixture in the combustion chamber, and/oran actual chemical composition of combustion exhaust gases of the NH3 power generator. 4. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: an NH3-Hydrogen-mixer fluidly connected to the NH3 storage vessel, to the NH3 power generator, and to the Hydrogen injection system and which is configured and arranged to receive and mix NH3 from the NH3 storage vessel and Hydrogen from the Hydrogen injection system to form a NH3-Hydrogen-mixture to be provided to the NH3 power generator. 5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the Hydrogen injection system comprises a Hydrogen extraction unit assigned to the stage of the system from which the Hydrogen portion is extracted, wherein the Hydrogen extraction unit enables a regulation of the portion of Hydrogen to be extracted at the stage. 6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the Hydrogen injection system comprises a plurality of devices for regulating a flow of Hydrogen in the Hydrogen injection system and to the gas stream to be provided to the NH3 power generator. 7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the H2-N2-production unit comprises a Hydrogen electrolyzer for producing the Hydrogen, wherein the Hydrogen electrolyzer is configured to receive water and energy produced by the renewable energy source and to produce the Hydrogen by electrolysis, andan air separation unit for producing the Nitrogen, wherein the air separation unit is configured to receive air and energy produced by the renewable energy source and to produce the Nitrogen by separating the received air. 8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the stage at which the Hydrogen portion is extracted is the Hydrogen electrolyzer. 9. The system according to claim 1, wherein the mixing unit comprises: a mixer fluidly connected to the H2-N2-production unit for receiving the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen and for mixing the received Hydrogen and Nitrogen to form the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture, anda compressor for compressing the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the mixer to form a compressed Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture to be directed to the NH3 source. 10. The system according to claim 1, wherein the NH3 source comprises an NH3 reaction chamber configured to receive the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the mixing unit and to process the received Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture to form the gas mixture containing NH3 anda separator for receiving the gas mixture containing NH3 from the NH3 reaction chamber,wherein the separator is configured to separate NH3 from the gas mixture containing NH3 such that NH3 and a remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture are produced, andwherein the separator is fluidly connected to the NH3 storage vessel to direct the produced NH3 to the NH3 storage vessel. 11. The system according to claim 10, wherein the separator is fluidly connected to the mixing unit to direct the remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the separator to the mixing unit, such that the remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture is mixed in the mixing unit with the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen from the H2-N2-production unit to form the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture to be received by the NH3 source. 12. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: a main control unit for controlling the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or the generation of energy with the NH3 power generator. 13. The system according to claim 12, wherein the main control unit is configured and arranged such that the controlling of the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or of the generation of energy with the NH3 power generator depends on an actual power demand in the energy grid and/or on an amount of energy currently generated by the renewable energy source. 14. The system according to claim 12, wherein the main control unit is configured to reduce the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or increase the generation of energy during periods of low renewable energy input from the renewable energy source, andincrease the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or reduce the generation of energy during periods of high renewable energy input from the renewable energy source. 15. The system according to claim 1, further comprising an energy distribution unit which is configured to receive the energy provided by the renewable energy source and to distribute the energy to the energy grid and/or to the H2-N2-production unit, wherein the energy distribution depends on an energy demand situation in the energy grid. 16. A method for providing energy for an energy grid based on energy provided by a renewable energy source, the method comprising: using at least a part of the energy from the renewable energy source to produce Hydrogen and Nitrogen a H2-N2-production unit, wherein the H2-N2 production unit is part of a system for providing the energy for the energy grid based on the energy provided by the renewable energy source,mixing the produced Hydrogen and Nitrogen in a mixing unit to form a Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture,processing the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture in an ammonia (NH3) source to generate a gas mixture containing NH3 and storing NH3 of the gas mixture containing NH3 in a NH3 storage vessel,extracting a Hydrogen portion from a stage of the system into a Hydrogen injection system,providing NH3 from the NH3 storage vessel and mixing NH3 with Hydrogen from the Hydrogen injection system to form a NH3-Hydrogen-mixture,providing the NH3-Hydrogen-mixture to a combustion chamber of an NH3 power generator and combusting the provided NH3-Hydrogen-mixture in the combustion chamber for generating the energy for the energy grid, andcontrolling by a Hydrogen control system a Hydrogen injection system (HIS) flow rate of Hydrogen from the Hydrogen injection system to be mixed with the NH3 provided from the NH3 storage vessel, the HIS flow rate determined by the Hydrogen control system in accordance with a data set which contains information about actual working conditions of the NH3 power generator, wherein the data set is received by the Hydrogen control system,wherein the gas mixture containing NH3 is directed to a separator which separates NH3 from the gas mixture containing NH3 such that the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and a remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture are produced, andwherein the remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture is re-compressed and the re-compressed remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture is mixed with the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the mixing unit to form the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture to be received by the NH3 source. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the Hydrogen control system further controls a stage flow rate of Hydrogen from the stage at which the hydrogen portion is extracted into the Hydrogen injection system. 18. The method according to claim 16, wherein the controlling by the Hydrogen control system is based on the data set, and wherein the working conditions include at least one of:a status of combustion in the combustion chamber,an NH3 flow rate of NH3 from the NH3 storage vessel,a temperature in the combustion chamber,an actual chemical composition of a gas mixture in the combustion chamber, and/oran actual chemical composition of combustion exhaust gases of the NH3 power generator. 19. The method according to claim 16, wherein the remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture is mixed in the mixing unit with the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen from the H2-N2-production unit to form the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture to be received by the NH3 source. 20. The method according to claim 16, wherein a main control unit of the system controls the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or the generation of energy with the NH3 power generator. 21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the main control unit controls the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or the generation of energy with the NH3 power generator at least depending on an actual power demand in the energy grid and/or on an amount of energy currently generated by the renewable energy source. 22. The method according to claim 20, wherein the main control unit reduces the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or increases the generation of energy during periods of low renewable energy input from the renewable energy source, andincreases the generation of the NH3 to be stored in the NH3 storage vessel and/or reduces the generation of energy during periods of high renewable energy input from the renewable energy source. 23. A system for providing energy for an energy grid based on energy provided by a renewable energy source, comprising an H2-N2-production unit for producing Hydrogen and Nitrogen, wherein the H2-N2-production unit is operated by using the energy provided by the renewable energy source,a mixing unit configured to receive and mix the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen produced by the H2-N2-production unit to form a Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture,an ammonia (NH3) source for receiving and processing the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture for generating a gas mixture containing NH3, wherein the NH3 source comprises an NH3 storage vessel for storing at least a part of the NH3 of the gas mixture containing NH3,an NH3 power generator for generating the energy for the energy grid, wherein the NH3 power generator is fluidly connected to the NH3 storage vessel to receive a gas stream containing NH3 from the NH3 storage vessel and wherein the NH3 power generator comprises a combustion chamber to combust the received NH3 of the gas stream to generate the energy for the energy grid,a Hydrogen injection system (HIS) for extracting a Hydrogen portion from a stage of the system and for adding extracted Hydrogen to the gas stream to be provided to the NH3 power generator,wherein the Hydrogen injection system comprises a Hydrogen control system for controlling an HIS flow rate of Hydrogen from the Hydrogen injection system to the gas stream to be provided to the NH3 power generator, the HIS flow rate being determined in accordance with a data set which contains information about actual working conditions of the NH3 power generator, wherein the data set is received by the Hydrogen control system,wherein the NH3 source comprises:an NH3 reaction chamber configured to receive the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the mixing unit and to process the received Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture to form the gas mixture containing NH3, anda separator for receiving the gas mixture containing NH3 from the NH3 reaction chamber,wherein the separator is configured to separate NH3 from the gas mixture containing NH3 such that NH3 and a remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture are produced, andwherein the separator is fluidly connected to the NH3 storage vessel to direct the produced NH3 to the NH3 storage vessel, the system for providing the energy for the energy grid based on energy provided by the renewable energy source further comprising:a re-processing unit (RPU) for re-processing the remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture with a re-compressor and an RPU mixer,wherein the re-compressor is fluidly connected to the separator to receive and compress the remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the separator,wherein the RPU mixer is fluidly connected to the re-compressor to receive the compressed remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the re-compressor,wherein the RPU mixer is fluidly connected to the mixing unit to receive the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the mixing unit, andwherein the RPU mixer is configured to mix the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the mixing unit and the compressed remaining Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture from the re-compressor to form the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture to be provided to the NH3 source.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (1)
Belokon, Alexander; Senkevich, Mikhail; Touchton, George L., Electrical power generation system and method.
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