An improved exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system comprises combustion chambers divided into a first portion and a second portion. An intake valve and an exhaust valve are associated with each combustion chamber. An intake manifold is in fluid communication with the combustion chambers through resp
An improved exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system comprises combustion chambers divided into a first portion and a second portion. An intake valve and an exhaust valve are associated with each combustion chamber. An intake manifold is in fluid communication with the combustion chambers through respective intake valves. A first exhaust manifold is in fluid communication with said first portion of combustion chambers through respective exhaust valves. A second exhaust manifold is in fluid communication with said second portion of combustion chambers through respective exhaust valves. An EGR exhaust valve is associated with each combustion chamber in said second portion. An EGR manifold is in fluid communication with each combustion chamber in said second portion through respective EGR exhaust valves and with said at least one intake manifold.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for exhaust gas recirculation in an internal combustion engine comprising: (a) dividing combustion chambers in said internal combustion engine into a first portion and a second portion of combustion chambers, the first portion of combustion chambers having a first plurality of combustion
1. A method for exhaust gas recirculation in an internal combustion engine comprising: (a) dividing combustion chambers in said internal combustion engine into a first portion and a second portion of combustion chambers, the first portion of combustion chambers having a first plurality of combustion chambers and the second portion of combustion chambers having a second plurality of combustion chambers, each of the first plurality of combustion chambers having first and second exhaust valves, and each of the second plurality of combustion chambers having a third exhaust valve and an EGR exhaust valve;(b) communicating exhaust gases from the first plurality of combustion chambers to a first exhaust manifold through said first and second exhaust valves associated with said first plurality of combustion chambers;(c) communicating exhaust gases from each combustion chamber of the second plurality of combustion chambers to: a second exhaust manifold through said third exhaust valve, andan EGR manifold through said EGR exhaust valve, the third exhaust valve being separate from the EGR exhaust valve; and(d) communicating exhaust gases from said EGR manifold to at least one intake manifold. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: (a) restricting flow of exhaust gases out of said second exhaust manifold. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: (a) communicating exhaust gases from said first exhaust manifold to a first turbine inlet of a turbine;(b) communicating exhaust gases from said second exhaust manifold to a second turbine inlet of said turbine, said second turbine inlet having a smaller flow area than said first turbine inlet; and(c) compressing a gaseous mixture comprising oxygen with energy imparted to said turbine by said exhaust gases. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising at least one of: (a) regulating pressure between said second exhaust manifold and said first exhaust manifold wherein a portion of said exhaust gases in said second exhaust manifold are directed towards said first turbine inlet; and(b) regulating pressure between said second exhaust manifold and said second turbine inlet. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising: (a) regulating pressure between said EGR manifold and said at least one intake manifold. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising at least one of: (a) regulating pressure between said EGR manifold and an exit of said second exhaust manifold; and(b) regulating EGR rate by variably actuating said separate second third exhaust valves and said EGR exhaust valves to control pressure in said second exhaust manifold. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: (a) introducing a hydrocarbon fuel into said exhaust gases from said EGR manifold forming an exhaust gas-fuel mixture;(b) reforming said exhaust gas-fuel mixture to produce at least hydrogen; and(c) communicating said hydrogen and said exhaust gases to said at least one intake manifold. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising: (a) reforming said exhaust gas-fuel mixture to produce carbon monoxide. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: (a) compressing intake air with a turbine-compressor unit;(b) mixing exhaust gases with said compressed intake air; and(c) cooling said mixture of said exhaust gases and said compressed intake air prior to introducing said mixture to said at least one intake manifold. 10. An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system for an internal combustion engine comprising: (a) a plurality of combustion chambers divided into a first portion of combustion chambers and a second portion of combustion chambers, each of the first portion of combustion chambers having first and second exhaust valves, and each of the second portion of combustion chambers having third and fourth exhaust valves;(b) at least one intake valve associated with each combustion chamber;(c) at least one intake manifold in fluid communication with said plurality of combustion chambers through respective intake valves;(d) a first exhaust manifold in fluid communication with each combustion chamber of said first portion of combustion chambers through said first and second exhaust valves for receiving exhaust gases;(e) a second exhaust manifold in fluid communication with each combustion chamber of said second portion of combustion chambers through said third exhaust valve for receiving exhaust gases;(f) an EGR manifold in fluid communication with each combustion chamber of said second portion of combustion chambers through said fourth exhaust valve for receiving exhaust gases and in fluid communication for supplying exhaust gases with said at least one intake manifold for supplying exhaust gases. 11. The internal combustion engine of claim 10, further comprising: (a) a turbine-compressor apparatus comprising a turbine and a compressor, said turbine driving said compressor and comprising first and second exhaust inlets, said second exhaust inlet having a smaller flow area than said first exhaust inlet, said first exhaust manifold in fluid communication with said first exhaust inlet and said second exhaust manifold in fluid communication with said second exhaust inlet, said intake manifold in fluid communication with said compressor for receiving a compressed gaseous mixture comprising oxygen. 12. The internal combustion engine of claim 11, further comprising: (a) a pressure regulator between said second exhaust manifold and said first exhaust manifold operable to reduce pressure in said second exhaust manifold and said EGR manifold. 13. The internal combustion engine of claim 11, further comprising: (a) a pressure regulator in an exhaust flow path after said turbine for varying back pressure in said first exhaust manifold, said second exhaust manifold and said EGR manifold. 14. The internal combustion engine of claim 11, further comprising: (a) a pressure regulator between said second exhaust manifold and said second exhaust inlet of said turbine. 15. The internal combustion engine of claim 10, further comprising: (a) an EGR cooler and an EGR valve, said EGR cooler connecting said EGR manifold with said EGR valve, and said EGR valve in fluid communication with said intake manifold. 16. The internal combustion engine of claim 10, wherein a conduit near an exit of said second exhaust manifold has a restriction therein. 17. The internal combustion engine of claim 10, further comprising: (a) a pressure regulator between said EGR manifold and said second exhaust manifold. 18. The internal combustion engine of claim 10, wherein each said third exhaust valve in respective combustion chambers of said second portion is connected with a variable valve actuation apparatus. 19. The internal combustion engine of claim 10, further comprising: (a) a reforming catalyst comprising an inlet and an outlet, said inlet in fluid communication with said EGR manifold for receiving exhaust gases therefrom, said outlet in fluid communication with said intake manifold; and(b) a fuel injector configured to introduce gaseous fuel into said exhaust gases upstream of said reforming catalyst. 20. The internal combustion engine of claim 10, further comprising: (a) a turbine-compressor unit receiving exhaust gases from said first and second exhaust manifolds;(b) a charge air cooler receiving compressed air from said turbine-compressor unit; and(c) an adjustable valve between said EGR manifold and upstream of said charge air cooler, wherein said exhaust gases are communicated through said adjustable valve and mixed with said compressed air such that said mixture is cooled by said charge air cooler. 21. An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system for an internal combustion engine, said internal combustion engine containing a first plurality of combustion chambers and a second plurality of combustion chambers, each of the first plurality of combustion chambers having first and second exhaust valves associated with said first plurality of combustion chambers, and each of the second plurality of combustion chambers having third and fourth exhaust valves associated with said second plurality of combustion chambers; said exhaust gas recirculation system comprising: an intake valve associated with each combustion chamber of said first and second plurality of combustion chambers;an intake manifold in fluid communication with each combustion chamber of said first and second plurality of combustion chambers through respective intake valves;a first exhaust manifold;a first exhaust port associated with each first exhaust valve of the first plurality of combustion chambers;a second exhaust port associated with each second exhaust valve of the first plurality of combustion chambers, respective first and second exhaust ports connecting said first exhaust manifold to respective combustion chambers of said first plurality of combustion chambers;a third exhaust port associated with each third exhaust valve of the second plurality of combustion chambers;a fourth exhaust port associated with each fourth exhaust valve of the second plurality of combustion chambers;a second exhaust manifold connected to each combustion chamber in said second plurality of combustion chambers through said third exhaust port; andan EGR manifold connected to each combustion chamber in said second plurality of combustion chambers through said fourth exhaust port, said EGR manifold in fluid communication with said intake manifold for supplying exhaust gases.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (7)
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