Vertical axis wind turbine and method for operating such a turbine
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F03D-003/06
F03D-007/06
F03D-003/00
F03D-003/02
F03D-009/25
H02K-007/18
출원번호
US-0316650
(2015-04-29)
등록번호
US-10132293
(2018-11-20)
우선권정보
CH-0868/14 (2014-06-06)
국제출원번호
PCT/EP2015/059392
(2015-04-29)
국제공개번호
WO2015/185299
(2015-12-10)
발명자
/ 주소
Bahnmüller, Karl
Hug, Hans Thomas
출원인 / 주소
Agile Wind Power AG
대리인 / 주소
The Webb Law Firm
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
10
초록▼
A vertical axis wind turbine includes two or more cells arranged one above the other along a vertical machine axis, in which each of the cells includes a plurality of vertical blades which are arranged within the cell distributed on a concentric circle about the machine axis and which are connected
A vertical axis wind turbine includes two or more cells arranged one above the other along a vertical machine axis, in which each of the cells includes a plurality of vertical blades which are arranged within the cell distributed on a concentric circle about the machine axis and which are connected so as to be able to move together on this circle and which are rotationally fixed with a main shaft, and in which the blades in the cell are each individually mounted so as to be able to rotate about a vertical axis of rotation which in particular runs internally through them. Assigned to each of the blades are means by which the blade is made to adopt, a rotational position, about its axis of rotation, which is predetermined and can be changed at any time.
대표청구항▼
1. A vertical wind turbine, comprising two or more cells, the two or more cells being positioned one above the other along a vertical machine axis, wherein each cell comprises a plurality of vertical blades, the plurality of vertical blades are distributed on a concentric circle inside each cell aro
1. A vertical wind turbine, comprising two or more cells, the two or more cells being positioned one above the other along a vertical machine axis, wherein each cell comprises a plurality of vertical blades, the plurality of vertical blades are distributed on a concentric circle inside each cell around the machine axis, are connected so as to be able to move together on the circle, and are each supported at an end of a radial arm, so that the blades are rotationally fixed with a main shaft, wherein the blades in each cell are each individually mounted so as to be able to rotate about a vertical axis of rotation running internally through the blades, wherein, to each of the blades, means are associated, so that the blade is made to adopt, during circulation about the machine axis and independently of the other blades, a rotational position, about the respective axis of rotation of the blade, in which the rotational position is predetermined and can be changed at any time, and wherein on the end of each radial arm, a respective wind measurement device is fixed. 2. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein each cell comprises a first and second ring, the first and second ring being concentrically positioned with respect to the machine axis, wherein the first and second ring delimit the cell in an upwards and downwards direction, and wherein between the first and the second ring, the blades of each cell are positioned in order to rotate through 360°. 3. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 2, wherein the blades of each cell are rotatably supported at each end on the first and second ring, so that the blades rotate through 360°. 4. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 2, wherein neighboring cells share the first or second ring, respectively. 5. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 2, wherein the means for changing the angular position of the blades are positioned on the rings. 6. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 5, wherein the means for changing the angular position of the blades comprise an electrically driven motor or a hydraulically driven motor. 7. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 6, wherein rotational movement of the electrically driven motor is transmitted by gears to the corresponding blade. 8. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 7, wherein the electrically driven motor is positioned with a motor axis in a plane of the rings, and wherein the rotational movement of the electrically driven motor is transmitted between the gears by a toothed belt. 9. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 7, wherein the electrically driven motor has a motor axis extending perpendicular with respect to a plane of the rings, and wherein an angular gear is interposed for transmitting the rotational movement. 10. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein a lowermost cell has a predetermined distance from a ground surface, and wherein the main shaft is rotatably supported between the lowermost cell and a machine house, in which the machine house is near the ground surface. 11. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 10, wherein the main shaft comprises a plurality of portions, in which the plurality of portions are serially positioned in the axial direction, and wherein the plurality of portions are connected to each other by flanges. 12. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 11, wherein the main shaft comprises a lower cylindrical portion, a middle portion, and an upper cylindrical portion, wherein the middle portion conically widens in an upward direction, and wherein the upper cylindrical portion has an outer diameter, in which the outer diameter is greater than an outer diameter of the lower cylindrical portion. 13. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 12, wherein the lower cylindrical portion supports the rotor of an electrical energy generating generator. 14. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 10, wherein, for rotatably supporting the main shaft, a bearing pin is provided at a lower end of the main shaft and a supporting roller track is provided at an upper end of the main shaft. 15. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 10, wherein an upper bearing of the main shaft, is a supporting roller bearing, absorbs vertical upper reaction wind forces of the main shaft, and is supported by a supporting frame, in which the supporting frame obliquely widens up in a downward direction, on foundations-positioned outside the machine axis, wherein lower axial and radial bearings of the main shaft are housed inside a generator housing, which the generator housing is fixed to upper struts inside the machine house, and wherein the machine house is suspended from the supporting frame. 16. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein on each cell on an upper side and a lower side, the respective wind measurement devices for measuring wind direction and speed are positioned. 17. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein on each cell on an upper side, a lower side, or the upper side and the lower side, at a blade bearing, a force measurement device for measuring a radial and a tangential force direction is provided. 18. A method for operating a vertical wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein an angular position of an individual blade of the wind turbine around a respective axis of rotation of the individual blade is actively controlled, independently from other blades, according to measured values of a relative wind speed, a relative wind flow direction, a rotational speed of the wind turbine, and a position of the individual blades along the circulation of the individual blade around the machine axis, wherein the individual blade is supported at an end of a radial arm, and wherein on the end of the radial arm, a respective wind measurement device is fixed for determining the relative wind flow direction and the relative wind speed with respect to the individual blade. 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein, for a blade angle describing a deviation of the individual blade from a base position, in a tangential direction with respect to a circulation circle around the machine axis, virtual cam discs are provided, which virtual cam discs define a variation of the blade angle with the position of the individual blade on the circulation circle, and wherein an active control of the individual blades is performed according to the virtual cam discs. 20. The method according to claim 19, wherein, for selecting the virtual cam discs used for the active control of the individual blade, a tip-speed ratio of the wind turbine is continually determined, wherein the tip-speed ratio indicates a ratio of a peripheral velocity of the individual blade to wind speed, and wherein according to the determined tip-speed ratio, the virtual cam disc used for active control of the individual blade is selected or different virtual cam discs are exchanged. 21. The method according to claim 19, wherein the virtual cam discs are referenced to a zero position of the wind turbine, and wherein the zero position depends on the relative wind flow direction. 22. The method according to claim 18, wherein for each cell, a wind speed is determined, which the wind speed depends on a height above a ground surface, and wherein the angular position of the individual blades of each cell around the respective axis of rotation of the individual blades is actively controlled according to the wind speed determined for the cell. 23. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 16, wherein the wind measurement device is an ultrasound anemometer. 24. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 6, wherein the rotational movement of the hydraulic motor is directly transmitted to the corresponding blade. 25. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 24, wherein the hydraulically driven motor is positioned with a motor axis in a plane of the rings. 26. The vertical wind turbine according to claim 24, wherein the hydraulically driven motor has a motor axis extending perpendicularaly to a plane of the rings.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (10)
Brulle Robert V. (St. Louis County MO granted to U.S. Department of Energy under the provisions of 42 U.S.C. 2182), Control system for a vertical axis windmill.
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