A reciprocating piston engine is disclosed having a first inner magnetic field unit comprising a first inner magnetic field unit arranged on a first crank arm of a crankshaft including a magnetizable material, and a stationary first outer magnetic field unit. The first inner magnetic field unit and
A reciprocating piston engine is disclosed having a first inner magnetic field unit comprising a first inner magnetic field unit arranged on a first crank arm of a crankshaft including a magnetizable material, and a stationary first outer magnetic field unit. The first inner magnetic field unit and the first outer magnetic field unit together form a first electromechanical converter. The first crank arm has a first securing surface on a face which points radially outwards with respect to a crankshaft axis and which is opposite a first connecting rod bearing. A first counterweight is fixed to the first securing surface in a formfitting manner in the radial direction, said first counterweight including a non-magnetizable material. The first magnetic field unit is arranged on a counterweight face pointing radially outwards with respect to the crankshaft axis.
대표청구항▼
1. A reciprocating-piston engine, having a cylinder block,a crank chamber which is formed at least partially in the cylinder block,a crankshaft comprises a magnetizable material and is arranged within the crank chamber so as to be rotatable about a geometric crankshaft axis,at least one first connec
1. A reciprocating-piston engine, having a cylinder block,a crank chamber which is formed at least partially in the cylinder block,a crankshaft comprises a magnetizable material and is arranged within the crank chamber so as to be rotatable about a geometric crankshaft axis,at least one first connecting rod which is mounted rotatably in a first connecting-rod bearing of the crankshaft and which, during rotation of the crankshaft, performs a connecting-rod movement in a geometric connecting-rod movement space,a first inner magnetic field unit, said first inner magnetic field unit being arranged on a first crank web, which is axially adjacent to the first connecting-rod bearing in relation to the crankshaft axis, of the crankshaft in such a way that the first inner magnetic field unit points radially outward in relation to the crankshaft axis and, during rotation of the crankshaft, circulates around the crankshaft axis on a geometric first circular path which is axially adjacent to the connecting-rod movement space, anda first outer magnetic field unit which is arranged in static fashion in the crank chamber so as to be radially spaced apart from the first circular path,wherein the first inner magnetic field unit and the first outer magnetic field unit are arranged and designed such that, together, they form a first electromechanical converter, an electric motor or an electrical generator,wherein,the first crank web has a first fastening surface on a side which points radially outward in relation to the crankshaft axis and which is situated opposite the first connecting-rod bearing,a first balancing weight is fixed in positively locking fashion in a radial direction to the first fastening surface,the first balancing weight comprises a non-magnetizable material, andthe first inner magnetic field unit is arranged on a side, which points radially outward in relation to the crankshaft axis, of the first balancing weight. 2. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein,the first inner magnetic field unit is pushed into a first linear guide, which extends in an axial direction and which fixes the first inner magnetic field unit in positively locking fashion in a radial direction and circumferential direction in relation to the crankshaft axis, on the first balancing weight and is fixed axially there. 3. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein,the first balancing weight comprises at least one, or combinations, of the following non-magnetizable materials: cast-iron, austenitic cast iron, gray cast iron;high-grade steel;carbon fiber, sintered carbon fiber;ceramic material;aluminum. 4. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in any one of claims 1, wherein, the first inner magnetic field unit has the shape of a circular-arc-shaped inner ring section which surrounds the first crank web and which has a geometric first axis which lies on the crankshaft axis, and,the circular-arc-shaped inner ring section extends with a first center angle (α) of greater than 135°. 5. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in claim 4, wherein, the circular-arc-shaped inner ring section extends with a first center angle (α) of 360°, andthe first inner magnetic field unit has the shape of a closed circular inner ring surrounding the first crank web. 6. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in any one of claims 1, wherein, the first outer magnetic field unit has the shape of a circular-arc-shaped outer ring section which surrounds the first circular path of the first inner magnetic field unit with a radial spacing and which has a geometric second axis which lies on the crankshaft axis, and,the circular-arc-shaped outer ring section extends with a second center angle (β) of greater than 135°. 7. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in claim 6, wherein, the circular-arc-shaped outer ring section extends with a second center angle (β) of 360°, andthe first outer magnetic field unit has the shape of a closed circular outer ring which surrounds the first circular path of the first inner magnetic field unit with a radial spacing. 8. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in any one of claims 1, wherein,the first inner magnetic field unit is permanently magnetic andis in the form of a first inner permanent magnet unit. 9. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in claim 8, wherein,the first inner permanent magnet unit has first permanent magnets arranged in a line with one another in a circle-circumferential direction in relation to the crankshaft axis, in such a way that the magnetic polarity of the first permanent magnets alternates in the circle-circumferential direction such that a magnetic alternating field is generated during rotation of the crankshaft, wherein, the first permanent magnets are arranged adjacent to one another, along the circular-arc-shaped inner ring section, and have north poles (N) pointing in a common circumferential direction, orthe first permanent magnets are arranged adjacent to one another, along the circular-arc-shaped inner ring section, and have poles (N, S) of alternating polarity orientation pointing in a radial direction. 10. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in any one of claims 1, wherein,the first inner magnetic field unit is electromagnetic andis in the form of a first inner coil unit. 11. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in claim 10, wherein,the first inner coil unit has first coils which are arranged in a line with one another in a circle-circumferential direction in relation to the crankshaft axis, the first coil axes of which first coils run radially in relation to the crankshaft axis, wherein, the first coils are arranged and/or interconnected such that the magnetic polarity of the first coils alternates in the circle-circumferential direction, such that a magnetic alternating field is generated during rotation of the crankshaft, orat least one first coil which extends in a circle-circumferential direction and the first coil axis of which runs in the circle-circumferential direction, or at least one first coil, the first coil axis of which runs parallel to the crankshaft axis. 12. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in claim 11, wherein, the first inner coil unit has at least one additional coil which is electrically connected to the at least one first coil,a permanently magnetic or electromagnetic lateral magnetic field unit is arranged in static fashion in the crank chamber (2) axially adjacent to the first circular path of the first inner coil unit, andthe at least one additional coil and the lateral magnetic field unit are arranged relative to one another, in axially opposed positions with respect to one another in relation to the crankshaft axis, and designed, such that, during rotation of the crankshaft about the crankshaft axis, said at least one additional coil and lateral magnetic field unit together form an electrical generator for the supply of electrical voltage to the at least one first coil. 13. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in claim 12, wherein, the at least one additional coil has an additional-coil axis running parallel to the crankshaft axis, orthe at least one additional coil is formed by multiple additional coils arranged in a line with one another in a circle-circumferential direction, with additional coil axes running parallel to the crankshaft axis,wherein, the lateral magnetic field unit is electromagnetic and is formed by multiple lateral coils arranged in a line with one another in a circle-circumferential direction, with lateral-coil axes running parallel to the crankshaft axis. 14. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in any one of claims 1, wherein,the first outer magnetic field unit is electromagnetic andis in the form of a first outer coil unit. 15. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in claim 14, wherein,the first outer coil unit has second coils which are arranged in a line with one another in a circle-circumferential direction and the second coil axes of which run radially in relation to the crankshaft axis, orat least one second coil which extends in a circle-circumferential direction and the second coil axis of which runs in the circle-circumferential direction, or at least one second coil, the second coil axis of which runs parallel to the crankshaft axis. 16. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in claim 10, wherein,the first outer magnetic field unit is permanently magnetic andis in the form of a first outer permanent magnet unit. 17. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in claim 16, wherein,the first outer permanent magnet unit has second permanent magnets arranged in a line with one another in a circle-circumferential direction in relation to the crankshaft axis, in such a way that the magnetic polarity of the second permanent magnets alternates in the circle-circumferential direction such that a magnetic alternating field is generated during rotation of the crankshaft, wherein, the second permanent magnets are arranged adjacent to one another along the circular-arc-shaped inner ring section, and have north poles (N) pointing in a common circumferential direction, orthe second permanent magnets are arranged adjacent to one another along the circular-arc-shaped inner ring section, and have poles (N, S) of alternating polarity orientation pointing in a radial direction. 18. The reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in any one of claims 1, further comprising: a second inner magnetic field unit, said second inner magnetic field unit being arranged on a second crank web, which is axially adjacent to the first connecting-rod bearing and which is situated axially opposite the first crank web, of the crankshaft in such a way that the second inner magnetic field unit points radially outward in relation to the crankshaft axis and, during rotation of the crankshaft, circulates around the crankshaft axis on a geometric second circular path which is axially adjacent to the connecting-rod movement space, anda second outer magnetic field unit which is arranged in static fashion in the crank chamber so as to be radially spaced apart from the second circular path, in such a way that the second outer magnetic field unit and the second inner magnetic field unit together form a second electromechanical converter, wherein the connecting-rod movement space of the at least one first connecting rod extends in an axial intermediate space between the first circular path and the second circular path,the second crank web has a second fastening surface on a side which points radially outward in relation to the crankshaft axis and which is situated opposite the first connecting-rod bearing,a second balancing weight is fixed in positively locking fashion in a radial direction to the second fastening surface,the second balancing weight comprises a non-magnetizable material, andthe second inner magnetic field unit is arranged on a radially outwardly pointing side of the second balancing weight, wherein, the second inner magnetic field unit corresponds to the first inner magnetic field unit, and/orthe second outer magnetic field unit corresponds to the first outer magnetic field unit, and/orthe second balancing weight corresponds to the first balancing weight. 19. A system comprising: the reciprocating-piston engine as claimed in claim 1,a chargeable and dischargeable electrical energy store,an electrical control unit, anda crankshaft sensor for detecting a position of the crankshaft, wherein the control unit is electrically interconnected with the electrical energy store, with the first electromechanical converter and with the second electromechanical converter, and designed, such that the reciprocating-piston engine can be switched between an electric-motor operating mode, in which the crankshaft can be driven with electric motor action by virtue of the electrical energy store being discharged, anda generator operating mode, in which the electrical energy store can be charged by virtue of the crankshaft being mechanically driven, by virtue of the crankshaft being driven with combustion engine action by way of the reciprocating-piston engine, and the reciprocating-piston engine has an electrically actuable variable outlet valve drive for at least one first outlet valve which is assigned to a first combustion chamber of a first piston which is coupled to the at least one first connecting rod, said electrically actuable variable outlet valve drive being designed such that the at least one first outlet valve can be opened regardless of the position of the crankshaft, wherein, the control unit is interconnected with the crankshaft sensor and with the variable outlet valve drive, and designed, such that, in the electric-motor operating mode, the at least one first outlet valve is opened in a position range of the crankshaft in which the first piston is situated in a compression stroke. 20. The system, as claimed in claim 19, comprising: the reciprocating-piston engine,a chargeable or dischargeable electrical energy store,an electric power control element anda crankshaft sensor for detecting a position of the crankshaft, wherein the reciprocating-piston engine has a first piston, which is assigned to the first electromechanical converter and to the second electromechanical converter and which is coupled to the at least one first connecting rod, anda second piston, which is assigned to a third electromechanical converter, the latter corresponding to the first electromechanical converter, and which is coupled to at least one second connecting rod which is mounted rotatably in a second connecting-rod bearing of the crankshaft, and the power control element is electrically interconnected with the electrical energy store, with the first electromechanical converter and with the third electromechanical converter, and designed, such that, in an electric-motor operating mode, the crankshaft can be driven with electric motor action with adjustable power by virtue of the electrical energy store being discharged, or,in a generator operating mode, the electrical energy store can be charged with adjustable power by virtue of the crankshaft being mechanically driven, by virtue of the crankshaft being driven with combustion engine action by way of the reciprocating-piston engine, wherein, the power control element is electrically interconnected with the electrical energy store, with the first electromechanical converter, with the third electromechanical converter and with the crankshaft sensor, and designed, such thatthe power is distributed to the first electromechanical converter with a first power fraction and to the third electromechanical converter with a second power fraction, the distribution of the power to the first electromechanical converter and to the third electromechanical converter is performed in a manner dependent on the position of the crankshaft, and,the distribution of the power is performed in a manner dependent on the position of the crankshaft in such a way that inertia forces and torques of relatively high order, of second order, arising as a result of the movement of the crankshaft, of the at least one first connecting rod, of the at least one second connecting rod, of the first piston and/or of the second piston are reduced or compensated.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (7)
Lindsley Nathaniel, Alternator with permanent magnet rotor having primary magnets and blocking-pole magnets.
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