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The window substantially has the shape of a dome. The optical observation device includes means of optical conjugation of the observed field with a plane of observation and means for relatively orienting the observation plane with respect to said field. Optical correction means are provided so as to

The window substantially has the shape of a dome. The optical observation device includes means of optical conjugation of the observed field with a plane of observation and means for relatively orienting the observation plane with respect to said field. Optical correction means are provided so as to correct aberration defects. According to the device, system, and method, said optical correction means are arranged between said windows and said relative orientation means in such a way that said optical correction means form an optical system with said window, which is at least substantially afocal.

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1. A method for correcting aberration defects in an optical viewing device having a substantially dome-shaped optical window and a viewing plane, wherein the aberration defects are created by the optical window, the method comprising: providing a prism assembly in the optical viewing device behind t

1. A method for correcting aberration defects in an optical viewing device having a substantially dome-shaped optical window and a viewing plane, wherein the aberration defects are created by the optical window, the method comprising: providing a prism assembly in the optical viewing device behind the optical window, the prism assembly being operable to provide a viewing field behind the optical window;placing a corrective lens between the optical window and the prism assembly, wherein the corrective lens is configured to correct the aberration defects created by the optical window; andproviding a plurality of lenses between the prism assembly and the viewing plane to optically conjugate the viewing field provided by the prism assembly;wherein the combination of the optical window, the corrective lens, and the prism assembly creates a substantially afocal optical system in the optical viewing device; andwherein the corrective lens, the prism assembly, and the plurality of lenses are centered on a linear optical axis X-X′ defined in the optical viewing device between the optical window and the viewing plane. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the prism assembly comprises at least two prisms optically configured to orient the viewing field for light received through the optical window and the corrective lens. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising placing at least two corrective lenses between the optical window and the prism assembly. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the corrective lens has an optical power which is substantially equal in magnitude and opposite in sign to that of the optical window. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the optical window and the corrective lens are respectively divergent and convergent. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the optical window and the corrective lens are integrally formed. 7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising providing a support for the corrective lens in the optical viewing device. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing a laser as an optical source. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising providing a sensor arranged at the level of the viewing plane behind the plurality of lenses. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein impulsions from the laser are reflected from a target and detected by the sensor arranged at the level of the observation plane. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the sensor is an optical sensor. 12. An optical viewing device for observing a field on a viewing plane through an optical window with substantially the shape of a dome, comprising: at least one optical conjugation lens configured for optically conjugating the field being observed on the viewing plane;a relative orientation assembly configured for orienting the field with respect to the viewing plane; andat least one optical correction lens configured to correct aberration defects created by the optical window within the optical viewing device;wherein the at least one optical correction lens is arranged between the optical window and the relative orientation assembly so that the at least one optical correction lens forms, together with the optical window and the relative orientation assembly, an at least substantially afocal optical system in the optical viewing device; andwherein the at least one optical conjugation lens, the relative orientation assembly, and the at least one optical correction lens are centered on a linear optical axis X-X′ defined in the optical viewing device between the optical window and the viewing plane. 13. The optical viewing device of claim 12, wherein the at least one optical correction lens is mounted on a support that is integral with the optical viewing device. 14. The optical viewing device of claim 12, wherein the at least one optical correction lens is mounted on a removable support within the optical viewing device. 15. The optical viewing device of claim 12, wherein the at least one optical conjugation lens is located between the relative orientation assembly and the viewing plane. 16. The optical viewing device of claim 12, wherein the relative orientation assembly comprises two prisms independently rotationally mounted around the linear optical axis (X-X′) of the optical viewing device so as to orient an observation direction for the viewing plane, with respect to the field being observed, through the prisms. 17. A process to correct aberration defects within an optical viewing device for observing a field through an optical window with substantially a dome shape, the process comprising: providing optical conjugation means for the field being observed with a viewing plane in the optical viewing device;providing relative orientation means for the viewing plane with respect to said field; andproviding an optical correction lens configured so as to correct said aberration defects;wherein said optical correction lens is disposed between said window and said relative orientation means so that said optical correction lens forms together with said optical window and said relative orientation means, an at least substantially afocal optical system in said optical viewing device; andwherein said optical conjugation means, said relative orientation means, and said optical correction lens along centered on a linear optical axis X-X′ defined in the optical viewing device between said optical window and said viewing plane. 18. The process according to claim 17, wherein the optical correction lens has an optical power substantially equal in magnitude and opposite in sign to that of the optical window. 19. The process according to claim 18, wherein the optical window and the optical correction lens are respectively divergent and convergent.