A ventilator that is small, lightweight, and portable, yet capable of being quickly adapted to operate in a plurality of different modes and configurations to deliver a variety of therapies to a patient. A porting system having a plurality of sensors structured to monitor a number of parameters with
A ventilator that is small, lightweight, and portable, yet capable of being quickly adapted to operate in a plurality of different modes and configurations to deliver a variety of therapies to a patient. A porting system having a plurality of sensors structured to monitor a number of parameters with respect to the flow of gas, and a number of porting blocks is used to reconfigure the ventilator so that it operates as a single-limb or dual limb ventilator. In the single-limb configuration, an active or passive exhaust assembly can be provided proximate to the patient. The ventilator is capable of operate in a volume or pressure support mode, even in a single-limb configuration. In addition, a power control mechanism controls the supply of power to the ventilator from an AC power source, a lead acid battery, an internal rechargeable battery pack, and a detachable battery pack.
대표청구항▼
1. A ventilator comprising: (a) a housing having an interior and an exterior;(b) an inlet port extending from the exterior to the interior of the housing;(c) a flow generator disposed within the housing and being structured to generate a flow of gas;(d) an outlet port adapted to discharge the flow o
1. A ventilator comprising: (a) a housing having an interior and an exterior;(b) an inlet port extending from the exterior to the interior of the housing;(c) a flow generator disposed within the housing and being structured to generate a flow of gas;(d) an outlet port adapted to discharge the flow of gas from the housing;(e) a patient circuit including: (1) a patient interface, and(2) an exhalation device adapted to provide an exhaust gas flow from the patient circuit to an ambient atmosphere, wherein the patient circuit is in fluid communication with the outlet port and is structured so as to deliver a predetermined inhalation volume of the flow of gas to an airway of a patient during an inspiratory phase of a ventilatory cycle;(f) a controller operatively coupled to the flow generator and adapted to selectively control the inhalation volume of the flow of gas delivered to such a patient taking into account the exhaust gas flow lost during inspiration from the passive exhalation device;(g) a plurality of interior probes disposed within the housing;(h) a porting block coupled to the plurality of interior probes and having at least one active passageway providing fluid communication between at least one of the plurality of interior probes and the exterior of the housing and at least one inactive passageway blocking fluid communication between at least one of the plurality of interior probes and the exterior of the housing; and(i) a sensor disposed within the housing and in fluid communication with the patient circuit via an exterior probe coupled to at least one active passageway of the porting block and to the patient circuit proximate the exhalation device,wherein the ventilator is portable, and wherein the ventilator provides volume control ventilation therapy while enabling the patient to move from one location to another, andwherein the controller is structured to selectively control the inhalation volume of the flow of gas taking into account the exhaust gas flow lost during inspiration from the passive exhalation device based on an output of the sensor. 2. The ventilator of claim 1, wherein the patient circuit is a single-limb circuit comprising a single conduit, wherein the single conduit interconnects the outlet port and the patient interface, and wherein both the inhalation volume of the flow of gas and the exhaust gas flow are transported within at least a portion of the single conduit. 3. The ventilator of claim 2, wherein the exhalation device is: (a) a passive exhaust valve, and wherein the passive exhaust valve is coupled to the single conduit proximate the patient interface, or(b) an orifice, wherein the exhalation gas contains carbon dioxide, and wherein the orifice is structured to flush the carbon dioxide from the patient circuit. 4. The ventilator of claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to detect a leak of the flow of gas in the patient circuit, and wherein, responsive to detecting the leak, the controller selectively adjusts the flow generator to cause the flow of gas to have the inhalation volume which is delivered to the patient during the inspiratory phase of the ventilatory cycle. 5. The ventilator of claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas flow, which is exhaled by the patient during the expiratory phase of the ventilatory cycle, has a tidal volume, and wherein the controller is structured to determine the tidal volume based on the output of the sensor. 6. The ventilator of claim 5, wherein, responsive to determining the tidal volume, the controller selectively adjusts the flow generator to generate a flow of gas having a desired inhalation volume, which is to be delivered to the patient during the inspiratory phase of a subsequent ventilatory cycle. 7. The ventilator of claim 1, wherein the patient interface is (a) a non-invasive patient interface device, or (b) an invasive patient interface device. 8. The ventilator of claim 1, wherein the ventilator weighs less than 5 kilograms. 9. The ventilator of claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to account for known/intended leaks and unknown/unintended leaks using different compensation techniques. 10. The ventilator of claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to selectively operate the ventilator among a plurality of different modes including a first mode for providing pressure support ventilation therapy to the patient and a second mode for providing volume control ventilation therapy to the patient. 11. The ventilator of claim 10, further comprising a first patient circuit including a passive exhalation device and a second patient circuit including an active exhalation device, wherein the ventilatory cycle includes an expiratory phase, and wherein the outlet port of the ventilator is structured to be selectively connected to one of the first patient circuit to provide passive exhalation during the expiratory phase of the ventilatory cycle, and the second patient circuit to provide active exhalation during the expiratory phase of the ventilatory cycle. 12. The ventilator of claim 10, further comprising: a first power connection being electrically connectable to an alternating current (AC) power source,a second power connection being electrically connectable to a lead acid battery,an internal rechargeable battery pack disposed within the interior of the housing,a detachable battery pack removably coupled to the exterior of the housing, anda power control mechanism structured to control the supply of power to the ventilator from a corresponding at least one of the AC power source, the lead acid battery, the internal rechargeable battery pack, and the detachable battery pack. 13. The ventilator of claim 10, wherein the patient circuit of the ventilator is structured to selectively include one of a passive exhalation device and an active exhalation device, and wherein the passive exhalation device and the active exhalation device can be exchanged. 14. A method of ventilating a patient using a ventilator in accordance with, the method comprising: (a) providing a ventilator comprising: (1) a housing having an interior and an exterior,(2) an inlet port extending from the exterior to the interior of the housing,(3) a flow generator disposed within the housing and being structured to generate a flow of gas,(4) an outlet port adapted to discharge the flow of gas from the housing, and(5) a patient circuit including: (i) a patient interface, and(ii) an exhalation device adapted to provide an exhaust gas flow from the patient circuit to an ambient atmosphere, and(6) a controller operatively coupled to the flow generator,(7) a plurality of interior probes disposed within the housing,(8) a porting block coupled to the plurality of interior probes and having at least one active passageway providing fluid communication between at least one of the plurality of interior probes and the exterior of the housing and at least one inactive passageway blocking fluid communication between at least one of the plurality of interior probes and the exterior of the housing;(9) a sensor disposed within the housing and in fluid communication with the patient circuit via an exterior probe coupled to at least one active passageway of the porting block and to the patient circuit proximate the exhalation device; and(b) generating a flow of gas from a flow generator, wherein the flow of gas is selectively controlled by the controller;(c) delivering the flow of gas to an airway of a patient during an inspiratory phase of a ventilatory cycle such that a predetermined inhalation volume of gas is delivered to the airway during the inspiratory phase, wherein the ventilator is portable, and wherein the ventilator provides volume control ventilation therapy while enabling the patient to move from one location to another; and(d) discharging a portion of an exhaust gas flow to the atmosphere using the passive exhalation device of the patient circuit, andwherein the flow of gas is selectively controlled by the controller taking into account the portion of the exhaust gas flow discharged to the atmosphere and based on an output of the sensor. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the patient circuit is a single-limb circuit comprising a single conduit, wherein the single conduit interconnects an outlet port of the ventilator to a patient interface of the patient circuit, and wherein the method further comprises transporting both the inhalation volume of the flow of gas and an exhalation gas within the single conduit. 16. The method of claim 14, further comprising: (a) determining if a leak exists, and(b) if a leak does exist, then selectively adjusting the flow generator to cause the flow of gas to have the inhalation volume that is delivered to the patient during the inspiratory phase of the ventilatory cycle. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising: differentiation between known/intended leaks and unknown/unintended leaks; andaccounting for known/intended leaks and unknown/leaks using different compensation techniques via the controller. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein the method further comprises: (a) determining a tidal volume, and(b) responsive to determining the tidal volume, selectively adjusting the flow generator to generate a flow of gas having a desired inhalation volume, which is to be delivered to the patient during the inspiratory phase of a subsequent ventilatory cycle.
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