A patient interface for delivery of a supply of pressurized air or breathable gas to an entrance of a patient's airways includes a frame member, a cushion assembly provided to the frame member, and an anterior wall member repeatedly engageable with and disengageable from the cushion assembly. The fr
A patient interface for delivery of a supply of pressurized air or breathable gas to an entrance of a patient's airways includes a frame member, a cushion assembly provided to the frame member, and an anterior wall member repeatedly engageable with and disengageable from the cushion assembly. The frame member includes connectors operatively attachable to a positioning and stabilizing structure. The cushion assembly includes a seal-forming structure and a void defined by an anterior surface of the cushion assembly. The anterior wall member has a predetermined surface area to seal the void of the cushion assembly and form a gas chamber when the anterior wall member and the cushion assembly are engaged. The void of the cushion assembly is sized such that the patient's nose and/or mouth is substantially exposed when the anterior wall member is disengaged from the cushion assembly thereby improving breathing comfort of the patient.
대표청구항▼
1. A patient interface for delivery of a supply of pressurised air or breathable gas to an entrance of a patient's airways, comprising: a frame member including connectors operatively attachable to a positioning and stabilizing structure;a cushion assembly provided to the frame member, the cushion a
1. A patient interface for delivery of a supply of pressurised air or breathable gas to an entrance of a patient's airways, comprising: a frame member including connectors operatively attachable to a positioning and stabilizing structure;a cushion assembly provided to the frame member, the cushion assembly including a seal-forming structure along a posterior side thereof and a peripheral portion along an anterior side thereof,wherein the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly is more rigid than the seal-forming structure,wherein the seal-forming structure is adapted to form a seal with a patient's nose and/or mouth, andwherein the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly forms a void; andan anterior wall member including a peripheral portion repeatedly engageable with and disengageable from the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly, the anterior wall member having a predetermined surface area to seal the void of the cushion assembly and form a gas chamber when the anterior wall member is engaged with the cushion assembly;wherein the void of the cushion assembly is sized such that the patient's nose and/or mouth is substantially exposed when the anterior wall member is disengaged from the cushion assembly thereby improving breathing comfort of the patient. 2. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein either the anterior wall member or the cushion assembly comprises a connection port for connection to a gas delivery tube. 3. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the anterior wall member comprises a connection port for connection to a gas delivery tube. 4. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the seal-forming structure of the cushion assembly is a first type and the anterior wall member is additionally engageable with a seal-forming structure of a cushion assembly of a second type. 5. The patient interface of claim 4, wherein the first type of seal-forming structure serves the patient's nose and mouth and the second type of seal-forming structure only serves the patient's nares. 6. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the peripheral portion of the anterior wall member and the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly are rigid such that engagement between the peripheral portion of the anterior wall member and the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly is not caused by material deformation of the anterior wall member and/or the cushion assembly. 7. The patient interface of claim 6, wherein the peripheral portion of the anterior wall member and the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly are magnetically engageable. 8. The patient interface of claim 7, wherein the peripheral portion of the anterior wall member and the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly has at least one magnet. 9. The patient interface of claim 8, wherein the at least one magnet is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. 10. The patient interface of claim 7, wherein magnetic engagement of the peripheral portion of the anterior wall member and the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly causes a flow generator to supply pressurised respiratory gas to the patient interface via a gas delivery tube, and when the anterior wall member and cushion assembly are disengaged the flow generator ceases the supply of pressurised air to the patient interface. 11. The patient interface of claim 1, further comprising at least one vent provided on the anterior wall member to allow the washout of exhaled carbon dioxide. 12. The patient interface of claim 2, wherein the connection port is connected to a swivel elbow operatively connected to the gas delivery tube. 13. The patient interface of claim 12, further comprising at least one vent provided on the swivel elbow to allow the washout of exhaled carbon dioxide. 14. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the cushion assembly is releasably connected to the frame member. 15. The patient interface of claim 14, wherein the frame member includes an annular side wall that encloses or wraps around the cushion assembly. 16. The patient interface of claim 14, wherein the cushion assembly projects from the frame member so as to be exposed for engagement with the anterior wall member. 17. The patient interface of claim 14, wherein the frame member includes retention features structured to engage or interlock with corresponding retention features provided to the cushion assembly. 18. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the frame member comprises a forehead support. 19. The patient interface of claim 2, wherein the gas delivery tube is permanently connected to the connection port. 20. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the perimeter and/or shape of the anterior wall member is/are predetermined to facilitate alignment of the anterior wall member to the cushion assembly for engagement. 21. The patient interface of claim 20, wherein the shape of the anterior wall member is symmetrical in at least one axis to facilitate alignment and minimise misalignment of the anterior wall member to the cushion assembly for engagement. 22. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the peripheral portion of the anterior wall member and the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly are engageable using an adhesive or a hook-and-loop fastener. 23. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein when the cushion assembly and the anterior wall member are engaged, accidental disengagement caused by tube drag forces is prevented. 24. The patient interface of claim 23, wherein the cushion assembly and the anterior wall member are mechanically and/or magnetically engageable. 25. The patient interface of claim 24, wherein the mechanical and/or magnetic engagement is structured to at least minimize disengagement in a direction of tube drag. 26. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the anterior wall member is disengageable from the cushion assembly by anteriorly moving the anterior wall member from the cushion assembly in a direction substantially parallel to Frankfort horizontal. 27. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the cushion assembly and the anterior wall member are structured to reduce bulk along a sagittal plane. 28. The patient interface of claim 27, wherein the cushion assembly and the anterior wall member are structured to reduce depth of the patient interface or protrusion of the patient interface from the patient's face in an anterior-posterior direction. 29. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the cushion assembly and the anterior wall member are structured to reduce facial footprint in a coronal plane. 30. The patient interface of claim 29, wherein the cushion assembly and the anterior wall member are structured to reduce a surface area projected by the cushion assembly and the anterior wall member on the patient's face. 31. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the void includes an area greater than 381 mm2. 32. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the void includes a height or diameter greater than 22 mm. 33. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the frame member comprises lower headgear connectors adapted to connect to lower side straps of the positioning and stabilizing structure. 34. The patient interface of claim 33, wherein the frame member further comprises a forehead support, the forehead support comprising upper headgear connectors adapted to connect to upper side straps of the positioning and stabilizing structure. 35. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the anterior wall member is magnetically engageable with the cushion assembly. 36. The patient interface of claim 35, wherein magnetic attraction between the anterior wall member and the cushion assembly guides and aligns the anterior wall member to the cushion assembly during engagement. 37. The patient interface of claim 35, wherein magnetic attraction between the anterior wall member and the cushion assembly provides a majority of engagement force to maintain sealing engagement of the anterior wall member to the cushion assembly. 38. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the anterior wall member is engageable with and disengageable from the cushion assembly by moving the anterior wall member posteriorly and anteriorly in a direction substantially parallel to Frankfort horizontal. 39. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein engagement of the anterior wall member with the cushion assembly automatically activates a flow generator to supply pressurised respiratory gas to the patient interface via a gas delivery tube, and disengagement of the anterior wall member from the cushion assembly automatically deactivates the flow generator to cease the supply of pressurised air to the patient interface. 40. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein when the anterior wall member is disengaged from the cushion assembly, breathing comfort of the patient is substantially the same as breathing ambient air without the patient interface donned by the patient. 41. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the cushion assembly and the anterior wall member are connected via a mechanical interlock. 42. The patient interface of claim 41, wherein each side of the anterior wall member includes a cantilevered push button, each push button including a tab adapted to releasably interlock with a respective tab provided to the cushion assembly to releasably retain the anterior wall member to the cushion assembly. 43. The patient interface of claim 41, wherein each side of the cushion assembly includes a cantilevered push button, each push button including a tab adapted to releasably interlock with a respective tab provided to the anterior wall member to releasably retain the anterior wall member to the cushion assembly. 44. The patient interface of claim 1, further comprising a lip seal provided along an edge of the peripheral portion defining the void to provide a seal between the cushion assembly and the anterior wall member when engaged with one another. 45. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the frame member and the anterior wall member are provided in one size, and the one size frame member and anterior wall member are adapted to be selectively engaged with multiple sizes of cushion assemblies. 46. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the anterior wall member is ring-shaped or disk-shaped. 47. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the void is sized to be sufficiently larger than a connection port for connection to a gas delivery tube. 48. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the void comprises a non-circular shape. 49. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the peripheral portion of the anterior wall member and the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly are relatively rigid such that engagement between the peripheral portion of the anterior wall member and the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly provide a hard-to-hard connection. 50. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the peripheral portion of the anterior wall member and the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly comprise a non-circular shape. 51. The patient interface of claim 1, further comprising a swivel elbow including first end portion connected to the anterior wall member and a second end portion adapted to connect to an air delivery tube, the first end portion arranged at an angle relative to the second end portion to direct an axis of air flow to change direction through said angle, and the swivel elbow structured and arranged to swivel relative to the anterior wall member. 52. The patient interface of claim 1, wherein the anterior wall member comprises surface contact with the cushion assembly. 53. A method of donning a patient interface for delivery of a supply of pressurised air or breathable gas to an entrance of a patient's airways, the method comprising: providing a frame member including connectors to a cushion assembly including a seal-forming structure and a void defined by an anterior surface of the cushion assembly, the cushion assembly including a peripheral portion along an anterior side thereof that is more rigid than the seal-forming structure;positioning the cushion assembly against the patient's face using a positioning and stabilizing structure operatively attached to the frame member; andengaging a peripheral portion of an anterior wall member having a predetermined surface area with the peripheral portion of the cushion assembly to seal the void of the cushion assembly and form a gas chamber when the anterior wall member and the cushion assembly are sealingly engaged, the anterior wall member comprising a connection port for connection to a gas delivery tube,wherein the void of the cushion assembly is sized such that the patient's nose and/or mouth is substantially exposed to ambient air when the anterior wall member is disengaged from the cushion assembly. 54. The method of claim 53, further comprising automatically activating a flow generator to supply pressurised respiratory gas to the patient interface via the gas delivery tube when the anterior wall member is engaged with the cushion assembly, and automatically deactivating the flow generator to cease the supply of pressurised air to the patient interface when the anterior wall member is disengaged from the cushion assembly. 55. A patient interface for sealed delivery of a flow of breathable gas at a continuously positive pressure with respect to ambient air pressure to an entrance to the patient's airways including at least entrance of a patient's nares, wherein the patient interface is configured to maintain a therapy pressure in a range of about 4cmH2O to about 30 cmH2O above ambient air pressure in use, throughout the patient's respiratory cycle, while the patient is sleeping, to ameliorate sleep disordered breathing, the patient interface comprising: a cushion assembly including a seal-forming structure adapted to form a seal against the patient's airways;a positioning and stabilising structure to maintain the cushion assembly in sealing contact with an area surrounding an entrance to the patient's airways while maintaining a therapeutic pressure at the entrance to the patient's airways;a frame member to engage the cushion assembly and provide a connection to the positioning and stabilising structure;the cushion assembly including a void defined by an anterior surface of the cushion assembly;an anterior wall member repeatedly engageable with and disengageable from the cushion assembly, the anterior wall member having a predetermined surface area to seal the void of the cushion assembly and form a gas chamber when the anterior wall member and the cushion assembly are engaged,wherein the anterior wall member and the cushion assembly are magnetically engageable; anda swivel elbow including first end portion connected to the anterior wall member and a second end portion adapted to connect to an air delivery tube, the first end portion arranged at an angle relative to the second end portion to direct an axis of air flow to change direction through said angle, and the swivel elbow structured and arranged to swivel relative to the anterior wall member. 56. The patient interface of claim 55, further comprising at least one vent provided on the anterior wall member to allow the washout of exhaled carbon dioxide. 57. A patient interface for sealed delivery of a flow of breathable gas at a continuously positive pressure with respect to ambient air pressure to an entrance to the patient's airways including at least entrance of a patient's nares, wherein the patient interface is configured to maintain a therapy pressure in a range of about 4cmH2O to about 30 cmH2O above ambient air pressure in use, throughout the patient's respiratory cycle, while the patient is sleeping, to ameliorate sleep disordered breathing, the patient interface comprising: a frame member including connectors operatively attachable to a positioning and stabilizing structure;a cushion assembly provided to the frame member, the cushion assembly including a seal-forming structure and a void defined by an anterior surface of the cushion assembly;an anterior wall member repeatedly engageable with and disengageable from the cushion assembly, the anterior wall member having a predetermined surface area to seal the void of the cushion assembly and form a gas chamber when the anterior wall member and the cushion assembly are engaged; anda detachable heat and moisture exchanger (HME/HMX) cartridge positioned within the gas chamber, the HME/HMX cartridge having a length greater than 22 mm;wherein the anterior wall member has a length at least the same as the length of the HME/HMX cartridge to allow the HME/HMX cartridge to be detached via the void defined by the anterior surface of the cushion assembly.
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