A vacuum chamber (2) for a direct air capture process and enclosing an interior space (13) for housing an adsorber structure (1) is given comprising a contiguous circumferential wall structure (115) along an axis (15), which circumferential wall structure (115) in an axial direction is closed by an
A vacuum chamber (2) for a direct air capture process and enclosing an interior space (13) for housing an adsorber structure (1) is given comprising a contiguous circumferential wall structure (115) along an axis (15), which circumferential wall structure (115) in an axial direction is closed by an inlet and an outlet axial wall (116), respectively. Both axial walls (116) comprise at least one closing stainless steel lid (6) allowing for, in an open position, gas to be circulated through the vacuum chamber (2) for passing an adsorber structure (1), and, in a closed position, to close the interior space (13) and to allow evacuation of the interior space (13) down to pressure of 500 mbarabs or less.
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1. A vacuum chamber for a direct air capture process and enclosing an interior space for housing an adsorber structure comprising a contiguous circumferential wall structure arranged around an axis, which circumferential wall structure in an axial direction is closed by an inlet and an outlet axial
1. A vacuum chamber for a direct air capture process and enclosing an interior space for housing an adsorber structure comprising a contiguous circumferential wall structure arranged around an axis, which circumferential wall structure in an axial direction is closed by an inlet and an outlet axial wall, respectively, both axial walls comprising at least one circular closing lid allowing for,in an open position, gas to be circulated through the vacuum chamber for contacting the adsorber structure, andin a closed position, to close the interior space and to allow evacuation of the interior space down to a pressure of 500 mbarabs, and less,wherein at least one of said axial walls is provided with a circular opening with a contact ring portion, which circular opening can be closed in a gas tight manner by said circular closing lid in the form of a single circular steel lid plate, having a thickness in the range of 4-12 mm and having a diameter in the range of 0.5-1.5 m and larger than said circular opening and in a closed state contacting said contact ring in an axial direction,wherein said contact ring on its axial surface facing said lid plate in closed position, is provided with a full perimeter circular elastic sealing element. 2. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein the lid is a circular steel plate, with a diameter in the range 0.75-1.25 m, and/or with a thickness in the range of 6-10 mm. 3. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein the lid is a flap valve actuated with an actuation mechanism located exclusively at the face of the lid opposite to the interior space, wherein in the open position the lid is brought into a position where its plane is aligned and essentially coinciding with said axis. 4. The vacuum chamber according to claim 3, wherein the actuation mechanism comprises a drive lever. 5. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein the axial walls and the lids in their open state allow for a flow cross-section which is at least 20% of the flow cross-section as defined by the contiguous circumferential wall structure. 6. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein said circumferential wall structure has a rectangular or square cross-section and being formed by four planar steel plates with a thickness in the range of 2-8 mm, each with an axial length in the range of 0.6-2.0 m or 0.7-1.8 m, and each with a width in the range of 0.6-1.8 m, andwherein each steel plate, on its side facing away from the interior space, is provided with a plurality of axially extending ribbing elements, which ribbing elements are attached to the respective steel plate, andwherein axial walls and the lids in their open state allow for a flow cross-section which is at least 20% of the flow cross-section as defined by the contiguous circumferential wall structure. 7. The vacuum chamber according to claim 6, wherein the width of the steel plate is in the range of 1.2-1.7 m or in the range of 1.2-1.6 m, and/orwherein the axial length of the steel plates is in the range of 1.4-1.7 m or in the range of 1.4-1.6 m, and/orwherein the joints between the respective steel plates are welded seams and/orwherein the thickness of the steel plates of the circumferential wall structure is in the range of 2-8 mm, or in the range of 3-5 mm, and/orwherein the steel plates, at their axial edges, are provided with attachment flanges extending radially outwardly, andwherein the ribbing elements are, with their axial ends, attached to these attachment flanges and/orwherein the steel plates are stainless steel plates. 8. The vacuum chamber according to claim 6, wherein every 15-35 cm, measured in a circumferential direction, one ribbing element is arranged on the respective steel plate, and/orwherein each ribbing element is provided as a pultruded, bent or welded T-profile, L-profile or a 7-profile comprising a stiffening section attached to the respective steel plate. 9. The vacuum chamber according to claim 6, wherein the ribbing elements are steel profiles with a wall thickness in the range of 1.5-7 mm, and/orwherein the ribbing elements comprise a stiffening section with recesses separating attachment sections attached to the respective steel plate, said recesses having an axial extension in the range of 30-100 mm, and/orwherein the ribbing elements comprise a stiffening section with recesses separating attachment sections attached to the respective steel plate, andwherein a length of said attachment sections is in the range of 10-50 mm. 10. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the axial walls is provided as a steel dome structure or a stainless steel dome structure, wherein at a circular interface between the dome structure and a cylindrical tubular extension the respective lid seals the vacuum chamber, and/orwherein the dome structure is constructed of four essentially planar sections which are bent to form ramps and welded together to form a truncated trapezoidal cone, andwherein the outermost faces of this dome structure simultaneously form the flange used to seal against the circumferential wall structure. 11. The vacuum chamber according to claim 10, wherein the dome structure has a wall thickness in the range of 3-12 mm or 3-8 mm, and wherein an axial cylindrical tubular extension is made of steel or stainless steel, and wherein it has a wall thickness in the range of 2-5 mm. 12. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein it comprises an adsorber structure in the form of a densely packed array of laterally spaced apart containers comprising a carrier structure with chemical moieties allowing for adsorption of carbon dioxide under ambient atmospheric pressure and ambient atmospheric temperature and allowing for desorption of the captured carbon dioxide under elevated temperature with respect to ambient atmospheric temperature and/or reduced pressure with respect to ambient atmospheric pressure. 13. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein it has a thermal mass per unit volume of the vacuum chamber of less than 250 kJ/K/m3, and/orwherein the pressure drop over the unit in the absence of the adsorber structure is less than 100 Pa, and/orwherein the air flow volume per unit volume of the vacuum chamber is in the range of 2000-10,000 m3/h/m3, and/orwherein the void volume excluding the internal void volume of the adsorber structure is in a range of 20-45% and/orwherein the vacuum chamber further comprises flushing gas and/or steam introduction elements. 14. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein it comprises further inlet/outlet elements for attaching at least one vacuum pump and/or for the extraction of gases and/or liquids from the vacuum chamber and/or for the introduction of further process media, including water and/or steam and/orwherein it further comprises propulsion elements for moving air through circular openings of the axial walls and into the vacuum chamber. 15. Use of a vacuum chamber according to claim 1 for a direct carbon dioxide capture process involving cycling between adsorption of carbon dioxide at ambient atmospheric temperature and under ambient atmospheric pressure and desorption of the carbon dioxide at reduced pressure below ambient atmospheric pressure. 16. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein both of said axial walls is provided with a circular opening with a contact ring portion, which circular opening can be closed in a gas tight manner in each case by a circular closing lid in the form of a single circular stainless steel lid plate, having a thickness in the range of 4-12 mm and having a diameter in the range of 0.5-1.5 m and larger than said circular opening and in a closed state contacting said contact ring in an axial direction, wherein said contact ring on its axial surface facing said lid plate in closed position, is provided with a full perimeter circular elastic sealing element. 17. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein the lid is a circular stainless steel plate with a diameter in the range 0.75-1.25 m, and/or with a thickness in the range of 7-10 mm,wherein the diameter of the lid is a factor 105-145 larger than its thickness, andwherein the lid is further free from any stiffening element apart from attachment elements for attaching the mechanism and for actuating and controlling the lid. 18. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein the lid is a flap valve actuated with an actuation mechanism located exclusively at the face of the lid opposite to the interior space, wherein in the open position the lid is brought into a position where its plane is aligned and essentially coinciding with said axis, and wherein the actuation mechanism is a double-lever based actuation mechanism. 19. The vacuum chamber according to claim 3, wherein the actuation mechanism comprises a drive lever, driven via a driveshaft at its first end about a first axis by a motor, attached at its second end forming a second axis to a first end of a front lever, wherein the second end of said front lever is tiltably, around a tilt axis of the lid, attached to a portion of the lid located essentially on or near said axis, and wherein in the position in which the lid is closed the drive lever and the front lever are aligned essentially along a straight line parallel or are essentially collinear with said axis. 20. The vacuum chamber according to claim 3, wherein there is provided a control lever which with a first end is rotatable about a spatially fixed third axis and with a second end is rotatably attached to a first end of a coupling lever as well as to a first end of a tilt lever, wherein the second end of said tilt lever is tiltably attached to the lid at a position offset from the attachment of the front lever around a fourth axis, and wherein the second end of said coupling lever is, with its second end, tiltably attached and rotatable around said second axis. 21. The vacuum chamber according to claim 20, wherein the first, second, third and fourth axes are all arranged parallel and all of them orthogonal to the axis of the vacuum chamber. 22. The vacuum chamber according to claim 3, wherein the actuation mechanism comprises: a drive lever, driven via a driveshaft at its first end about a first axis by a motor, attached at its second end forming a second axis to a first end of a front lever,wherein the second end of said front lever is tiltably, around a tilt axis of the lid, attached to a portion of the lid located essentially on or near said axis,wherein in the position in which the lid is closed the drive lever and the front lever are aligned essentially along a straight line parallel or are essentially collinear with said axis,wherein there is provided a control lever which with a first end is rotatable about a spatially fixed third axis and with a second end is rotatably attached to a first end of a coupling lever as well as to a first end of a tilt lever,wherein the second end of said tilt lever is tiltably attached to the lid at a position offset from the attachment of the front lever around a fourth axis,wherein the second end of said coupling lever is, with its second end, tiltably attached and rotatable around said second axis, andwherein there is provided a pair of guide levers, offset towards both sides with respect to an arrangement of said central arrangement drive lever, front lever, coupling lever, control lever and tilt lever,wherein said guide levers are rotatable around a spatially fixed lower rotation axis with their first end and with their second end are rotatably attached around an upper rotation axis to the lid, andwherein the upper rotation axis and the tilt axis are arranged collinearly. 23. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein the axial walls and the lids in their open state allow for a flow cross-section which is in the range of 25-50%, of the flow cross-section as defined by the contiguous circumferential wall structure. 24. The vacuum chamber according to claim 5, wherein the circumferential wall structure has a rectangular or square cross-section and is formed by four planar stainless steel plates, with a thickness in the range of 2-8 mm, each with an axial length in the range of 0.6-2.0 m or 0.7-1.8 m, and each with a width in the range of 0.6-1.8 m, and wherein each steel plate, on its side facing away from the interior space, is provided with a plurality of axially extending ribbing elements, which ribbing elements are attached to the respective steel plate, section and/or point wise,wherein the axial walls and the lids in their open state allow for a flow cross-section which is in the range of 25-50%, of the flow cross-section as defined by the contiguous circumferential wall structure. 25. The vacuum chamber according to claim 24, wherein the plurality of attachment sections are separated by a plurality of recesses of the ribbing elements, where there is no contact between the ribbing elements and the respective steel plate or wherein the circumferential wall structure has a circular cross-section and is formed by one single or a sequence of curved steel plates, with a thickness in the range of 2-8 mm, with an axial length in the range of 0.7-1.8 m. 26. The vacuum chamber according to claim 6, wherein the width of the steel plates is in the range of 1.2-1.6 m, and/or wherein the axial length of the steel plates is in the range of 1.4-1.6 m, and/or wherein the joints between the respective steel plates are welded seams and/orwherein the thickness of the steel plates of the circumferential wall structure is in the range of 3-5 mm, and/orwherein the steel plates, at their axial edges, are provided with attachment flanges extending radially outwardly, andwherein the ribbing elements are, with their axial ends, attached to these attachment flanges, by welding seams. 27. The vacuum chamber according to claim 6, wherein every 20-30 cm, measured in a circumferential direction, one ribbing element is arranged on the respective steel plate, wherein the ribbing elements on a respective steel plate are essentially equally distributed along the circumference, and/or wherein each ribbing element is provided as a pultruded, bent or welded T-profile, L-profile or a 7-profile comprising a stiffening section attached to the respective steel plate, in case of recesses via attachment sections, at one lateral edge and at the opposite lateral edge attached to or adjoining to a transverse section,wherein the radial height of the stiffening section in a radial direction is in the range of 4-15 cm, or in the range of 5-7 cm, andwherein the circumferential width of the transverse section is in the range of 2-10 cm, or in the range of 3-7 cm. 28. The vacuum chamber according to claim 6, wherein the ribbing elements are steel profiles with a wall thickness in the range of 2-5 mm, and/orwherein the ribbing elements comprise a stiffening section with recesses separating attachment sections attached to the respective steel plate, said recesses having an axial extension of the recesses is in the range of 50-80 mm and/or wherein the ribbing elements are stainless steel profiles, and/orwherein the ribbing elements comprise a stiffening section with recesses separating attachment sections attached to the respective steel plate, wherein the length of said attachment sections is in the range of 20-40 mm, andwherein this length is equal to the weld seam length of the attachment to the respective steel plate or stainless steel plate. 29. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the axial walls is provided as a steel dome structure, with an axial cylindrical tubular extension forming an inlet or outlet channel, respectively, wherein at the circular interface between the dome structure and the cylindrical tubular extension the respective lid seals, at a contact ring, the vacuum chamber, and/or wherein the dome structure comprises flat sections at straight edges of the respective steel plates, wherein in the region of the flat sections there is further provided one or a multitude of exterior stiffening ribs attached to the flat sections and to a flange section of the dome structure for attachment to the circumferential wall structure, and wherein further the dome structure comprises curved sections converging towards the edges formed between adjacent steel plates or stainless steel plates, wherein said curved sections can be formed by deep drawing or by a plurality of individual, essentially wedge-shaped flat sections sequentially tilted with respect to each otherand/or wherein the dome structure is constructed of four essentially planar sections which are bent to form ramps and welded together to form a truncated trapezoidal cone, wherein the outermost faces of this dome structure simultaneously form the flange used to seal against the circumferential wall structure. 30. The vacuum chamber according to claim 10, wherein the dome structure has a wall thickness in the range of 4-7 mm, and wherein the axial cylindrical tubular extension is made of steel or stainless steel, and wherein it has a wall thickness in the range of 3-5 mm. 31. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein it comprises an adsorber structure in the form of a densely packed array of laterally spaced apart containers comprising a carrier structure with chemical moieties allowing for adsorption of carbon dioxide under ambient atmospheric pressure and ambient atmospheric temperature and allowing for desorption of the captured carbon dioxide under elevated temperature with respect to ambient atmospheric temperature and/or reduced pressure with respect to ambient atmospheric pressure andwherein the adsorber structure is sealed with respect to said circumferential wall structure such that air passing through the vacuum chamber is forced to essentially exclusively pass through the adsorber structure, andwherein the sealing is achieved by profiles attached to the interior side of the circumferential wall structure against which the adsorber structure directly or indirectly abuts and/or is at least partly achieved by providing, in the bottom region of the chamber, at least one elevated extraction port for the removal of water in a floor section of the circumferential wall providing under operation for an elevated water pool level on the floor of the chamber sealing the adsorber structure in the bottom region of the vacuum chamber. 32. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein it has a thermal mass per unit volume of the vacuum chamber of less than 170 kJ/K/m3, and/orwherein the pressure drop over the unit in the absence of the adsorber structure is less than 30 Pa, and/orwherein the air flow volume per unit volume of the vacuum chamber is in the range of 4000-8000 m3/h/m3, and/orwherein the void volume excluding the internal void volume of the adsorber structure is in a range of 25-35%, and/orwherein the vacuum chamber further comprises flushing gas and/or steam introduction elements, in the form of distributor elements on the side of the adsorber structure which is opposite to a gas and/or water extraction port of the vacuum chamber. 33. The vacuum chamber according to claim 1, wherein it comprises further inlet/outlet elements for attaching at least one vacuum pump and/or for the extraction of gases and/or liquids from the vacuum chamber and/or for the introduction of further process media, including water and/or steam and/orwherein it further comprises propulsion elements for moving air through circular openings of the axial walls and into the vacuum chamber,wherein at each axial end on both sides of the adsorber structure a connection for attaching a vacuum is provided, and/orwherein air propulsion elements are provided such that they pull air through the vacuum chamber. 34. Use according to claim 15 for a direct carbon dioxide capture process involving cycling between adsorption of carbon dioxide at ambient atmospheric temperature and under ambient atmospheric pressure and desorption of the carbon dioxide at reduced pressure below ambient atmospheric pressure, at a pressure level of at most 500 mbarabs, and/or at an increased sorbent material temperature of 90-120° C.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (5)
Thies Edward J. (Detroit MI) Michlin Norman (Southfield MI), Adsorbent cartridge for the exhaust of diazo process machines.
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