Fully-wetted, refractory-free tubeless fluid heating system with negligible thermal expansion stress
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F24H-001/14
F28D-007/00
F28D-007/02
F28D-007/06
F28D-007/12
출원번호
US-0949990
(2015-11-24)
등록번호
US-10240813
(2019-03-26)
발명자
/ 주소
Nett, Carl Nicholas
Waltz, Keith Richard
출원인 / 주소
FULTON GROUP N.A., Inc.
대리인 / 주소
McCormick, Paulding & Huber LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
17
초록▼
A fluid heating system including: a pressure vessel shell including: a first inlet and first outlet; a tubeless heat exchanger core disposed entirely in the pressure vessel shell, the tubeless heat exchanger core including a second inlet and a second outlet; an outlet member, which penetrates the pr
A fluid heating system including: a pressure vessel shell including: a first inlet and first outlet; a tubeless heat exchanger core disposed entirely in the pressure vessel shell, the tubeless heat exchanger core including a second inlet and a second outlet; an outlet member, which penetrates the pressure vessel shell and which connects the second outlet of the tubeless heat exchanger core and an outside of the pressure vessel shell; and a conduit having a first end connected to the second inlet of the tubeless heat exchanger core and a second end disposed on the outside of the pressure vessel shell.
대표청구항▼
1. A fluid heating system comprising: a pressure vessel shell comprising a vessel inlet arranged to receive a production fluid to be heated and vessel outlet arranged to provide heated production fluid, the pressure vessel shell containing the production fluid to be heated;a tubeless heat exchanger
1. A fluid heating system comprising: a pressure vessel shell comprising a vessel inlet arranged to receive a production fluid to be heated and vessel outlet arranged to provide heated production fluid, the pressure vessel shell containing the production fluid to be heated;a tubeless heat exchanger core disposed at least partially within the pressure vessel shell, the tubeless heat exchanger core comprising an inner casing and an outer casing around the inner casing, the inner and outer casings defining therebetween a flow passage for a thermal transfer fluid to flow, the tubeless heat exchanger core further comprising a core inlet arranged to receive the thermal transfer fluid and a core outlet arranged to provide the thermal transfer fluid, the core inlet and outlet being fluidically connected to the flow passage, and at least one of the core inlet and the core outlet being disposed on the inner casing;one or more flow elements disposed within the flow passage arranged to direct the flow of thermal transfer fluid along the flow passage such that a flow volume of the thermal transfer fluid is directed along the flow passage from the core inlet to the core outlet, the flow volume traversing at least once around a perimeter of the heat exchanger core; andwherein each of the outer casing and the inner casing has an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the respective inner surfaces face each other and define therebetween the flow passage for the thermal transfer fluid to flow, and wherein at least a portion of the respective outer surfaces are arranged to be contacted by the production fluid in the pressure vessel, and wherein, in use, the thermal transfer fluid in the heat exchanger core transfers heat from the thermal transfer fluid to the production fluid through at least a portion of both the inner and outer casings. 2. The fluid heating system of claim 1, further comprising: an outlet member, which penetrates the pressure vessel shell and which fluidically connects the core outlet through the pressure vessel shell to provide the thermal transfer fluid outside of the pressure vessel shell; anda conduit fluidically connected to the heat exchanger core, and arranged to provide the thermal transfer fluid to the heat exchanger core, the conduit having a conduit outlet end fluidically connected to the core inlet and a conduit inlet end arranged to receive the thermal fluid. 3. The fluid heating system of claim 2, wherein the conduit is configured to provide the thermal transfer fluid from the conduit inlet, along the conduit to the conduit outlet and the core inlet to the flow passage, and wherein the conduit comprises a conduit outer surface, at least a portion of the conduit outer surface also arranged to be contacted by the production fluid. 4. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the one or more flow elements comprises at least one of: a rib, a ridge, and a deformation of the inner surface of one or both of the inner and outer casing. 5. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the one or more flow elements defines a spiral path along the flow passage. 6. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the pressure vessel shell is configured to contain the production fluid such that substantially all of the outer surfaces of the tubeless heat exchanger core are contacted by the production fluid. 7. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the fluid heating system has a first end and an opposite second end, and wherein the outlet member of the tubeless heat exchanger core and the conduit inlet end are both proximate to the first end of the fluid heating system. 8. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the tubeless heat exchanger core and the pressure vessel shell define a debris region between heat exchanger core and the pressure vessel shell for debris accumulation. 9. The fluid heating system of claim 8, wherein the debris region is distal to the outlet member and distal to the conduit inlet end. 10. The fluid heating system of claim 8, wherein the debris region is between at least one of: a top head of the tubeless heat exchanger core and the pressure vessel shell, the outer casing of the tubeless heat exchanger core and the pressure vessel shell, and a bottom head of the tubeless heat exchanger core and the pressure vessel shell. 11. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger core has a hydrodynamic diameter of 2.5 centimeters to 100 centimeters. 12. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein an aspect ratio of the flow passage of the tubeless heat exchanger core is 10 to 100, wherein the aspect ratio is a ratio of a height of the flow passage to a width of the flow passage, wherein the height is a distance between opposite surfaces of a same flow element and is measured normal to a first flow element surface, and wherein the width of the flow passage is measured from the inner surface of the inner casing to the inner surface of the outer casing. 13. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the inner casing and the outer casing of the tubeless heat exchanger core has a thickness of 0.5 centimeters to 5 centimeters. 14. The fluid heating system of claim 1, further comprising a body cover disposed on the pressure vessel shell. 15. The fluid heating system of claim 14, wherein the fluid heating system is configured to have a temperature of an outer surface of the body cover of less than 65° C., wherein a dimension between an outer surface of the pressure vessel and an inner surface of the body cover is less than 3 centimeters. 16. The fluid heating system of claim 14, wherein the body cover surrounds at least a top surface and a side surface the pressure vessel shell, and wherein a refractory material is not present between the body cover and the pressure vessel shell. 17. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the inner casing is coaxial with the outer casing. 18. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the production fluid contacts substantially all of the outer surfaces of the inner and outer casings of the heat exchanger core, and the production fluid and the thermal transfer fluid each independently comprise a liquid, a gas, or a combination thereof. 19. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the production fluid and the thermal transfer fluid each independently comprise water, a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C30 hydrocarbon, air, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, or a combination thereof. 20. In the fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the production fluid comprises liquid water, steam, a thermal fluid, a glycol, or a combination thereof. 21. The fluid heating system of claim 2, wherein the conduit further comprises a burner assembly disposed in the conduit. 22. The fluid heating system of claim 2, further comprising a blower in fluid communication with the conduit. 23. The fluid heating system of claim 2, wherein a pressure drop between the first end of the conduit and the core outlet is greater than 3 kiloPascals. 24. The fluid heating system of claim 2, wherein the conduit comprises an elbow comprising a first turn and a second turn. 25. The fluid heating system of claim 24, wherein the first turn comprises an angle of 5 degrees to 60 degrees, relative to a direction of an axis of the conduit between a first end of the conduit and the first turn, and wherein the first turn is in a direction perpendicular to the core inlet. 26. The fluid heating system of claim 24, wherein the second turn comprises a compound angle, and wherein the second turn is in a direction from the first turn to the core inlet. 27. The fluid heating system of claim 2, wherein the conduit intersects the core inlet at angle of 85 degrees to 45 degrees, relative to tangent of the core inlet. 28. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the thermal transfer fluid does not contact the pressure vessel shell. 29. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the flow passage is contained entirely within the pressure vessel shell. 30. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger core comprises a top head and a bottom head, and wherein the inner casing and outer casing are disposed between the top head and the bottom head. 31. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the inner casing and outer casing are both cylindrical. 32. The fluid heating system of claim 2, wherein at least a portion of the conduit is coaxial with the tubeless heat exchanger core. 33. The fluid heating system of claim 2, wherein the outlet member mechanically attaches the core outlet to the pressure vessel shell to provide rigid mechanical support for the heat exchanger core and to minimize longitudinal thermal stresses on the heat exchanger core within the pressure vessel. 34. The fluid heating system of claim 2, wherein the conduit is mechanically attached to the pressure vessel shell so as to minimize longitudinal thermal stresses on the heat exchanger core within the pressure vessel. 35. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein the core inlet is disposed on the inner casing. 36. The fluid heating system of claim 1, wherein a temperature of an outer surface of the pressure vessel shell is less than 165° C. 37. A fluid heating system comprising: a pressure vessel shell comprising a vessel inlet arranged to receive a production fluid to be heated and vessel outlet arranged to provide heated production fluid, the pressure vessel shell containing the production fluid to be heated;a tubeless heat exchanger core disposed at least partially within the pressure vessel shell, the tubeless heat exchanger core comprising an inner casing and an outer casing around the inner casing, the inner and outer casings defining therebetween a flow passage for a thermal transfer fluid to flow, the tubeless heat exchanger core further comprising a core inlet arranged to receive the thermal transfer fluid and a core outlet arranged to provide the thermal transfer fluid, the core inlet and outlet being fluidically connected to the flow passage and at least one or the core inlet and the core outlet being disposed on the inner casing;one or more flow elements disposed within the flow passage arranged to direct the flow of thermal transfer fluid along the flow passage such that a flow volume of the thermal transfer fluid is directed along the flow passage from the core inlet to the core outlet, the flow volume traversing at least once around a perimeter of the heat exchanger core;wherein each of the outer casing and the inner casing has an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the respective inner surfaces face each other and define therebetween the flow passage for the thermal transfer fluid to flow, and wherein at least a portion of the respective outer surfaces are arranged to be contacted by the production fluid in the pressure vessel, and wherein, in use, the thermal transfer fluid in the heat exchanger core transfers heat from the thermal transfer fluid to the production fluid through at least a portion of both the inner and outer casings; andan outlet member, which penetrates the pressure vessel shell and which fluidically and mechanically attaches the core outlet to the pressure vessel shell to allow the thermal transfer fluid to exit the pressure vessel shell, to provide mechanical support for the tubeless heat exchanger core, and to minimize longitudinal thermal stress on the heat exchanger core within the pressure vessel. 38. The fluid heating system of claim 37, wherein the core inlet is disposed on the inner casing. 39. The fluid heating system of claim 37, wherein the heat exchanger core is arranged to thermally expand longitudinally within the pressure vessel shell without causing additional longitudinal stresses on the heat exchanger core due to such longitudinal thermal expansion. 40. The fluid heating system of claim 37, wherein the heat exchanger core is arranged to thermally expand longitudinally within the pressure vessel shell without causing additional stresses on any mechanical connections between the heat exchanger core and the pressure vessel shell due to such longitudinal thermal expansion. 41. The fluid heating system of claim 37, further comprising a conduit fluidically connected to the heat exchanger core, and arranged to provide the thermal transfer fluid to the heat exchanger core, the conduit having a conduit outlet end fluidically connected to the core inlet and a conduit inlet end arranged to receive the thermal fluid, and wherein the conduit inlet is mechanically attached to the pressure vessel shell to minimize longitudinal thermal stresses on the heat exchanger core within the pressure vessel. 42. The fluid heating system of claim 41, wherein the conduit is configured to provide the thermal transfer fluid from the conduit inlet, along the conduit to the conduit outlet and the core inlet to the flow passage, and wherein the conduit comprises a conduit outer surface, at least a portion of the conduit outer surface also arranged to be contacted by the production fluid. 43. The fluid heating system of claim 37, wherein the one or more flow elements comprises at least one of: a rib, a ridge, and a deformation of the inner surface of one or both of the inner and outer casing. 44. The fluid heating system of claim 37, wherein the one or more flow elements defines a spiral path along the flow passage. 45. The fluid heating system of claim 37, wherein the heat exchanger core has a hydrodynamic diameter of 2.5 centimeters to 100 centimeters. 46. The fluid heating system of claim 37, wherein an aspect ratio of the flow passage of the tubeless heat exchanger core is 10 to 100, wherein the aspect ratio is a ratio of a height of the flow passage to a width of the flow passage, wherein the height is a distance between opposite surfaces of a same flow element and is measured normal to a first flow element surface, and wherein the width of the flow passage is measured from the inner surface of the inner casing to the inner surface of the outer casing. 47. The fluid heating system of claim 37, wherein a temperature of an outer surface of the pressure vessel shell is less than 165° C. 48. A fluid heating system comprising: a pressure vessel shell comprising a vessel inlet arranged to receive a production fluid to be heated and vessel outlet arranged to provide heated production fluid, the pressure vessel shell containing the production fluid to be heated;a tubeless heat exchanger core disposed at least partially within the pressure vessel shell, the tubeless heat exchanger core comprising an inner casing and an outer casing around the inner casing, the inner and outer casings defining therebetween a flow passage for a thermal transfer fluid to flow, the tubeless heat exchanger core further comprising a core inlet arranged to receive the thermal transfer fluid and a core outlet arranged to provide the thermal transfer fluid, the core inlet and outlet being fluidically connected to the flow passage and at least one of the core inlet and the core outlet being disposed on the inner casing;one or more flow elements disposed within the flow passage arranged to direct the flow of thermal transfer fluid along the flow passage such that a flow volume of the thermal transfer fluid is directed along the flow passage from the core inlet to the core outlet, the flow volume traversing at least once around a perimeter of the heat exchanger core;wherein the one or more flow elements comprises at least one of: a rib, a ridge, and a deformation of the inner surface of one or both of the inner and outer casing; andwherein each of the outer casing and the inner casing has an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the respective inner surfaces face each other and define therebetween the flow passage for the thermal transfer fluid to flow, and wherein at least a portion of the respective outer surfaces are arranged to be contacted by the production fluid in the pressure vessel, and wherein, in use, the thermal transfer fluid in the heat exchanger core transfers heat from the thermal transfer fluid to the production fluid through at least a portion of both the inner and outer casings. 49. The fluid heating system of claim 48, wherein the core inlet is disposed on the inner casing. 50. The fluid heating system of claim 48, wherein the heat exchanger core has a hydrodynamic diameter of 2.5 centimeters to 100 centimeters. 51. The fluid heating system of claim 48, wherein an aspect ratio of the flow passage of the tubeless heat exchanger core is 10 to 100, wherein the aspect ratio is a ratio of a height of the flow passage to a width of the flow passage, wherein the height is a distance between opposite surfaces of a same flow element and is measured normal to a first flow element surface, and wherein the width of the flow passage is measured from the inner surface of the inner casing to the inner surface of the outer casing. 52. The fluid heating system of claim 48, wherein the one or more flow elements defines a spiral path along the flow passage.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (17)
Schlesch Ronald D. ; Gaines Michael H., Annular tube heat exchanger.
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