RFID tag and transponder detection in wireless energy transfer systems
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
G06K-019/07
H02J-050/12
H04B-005/00
H02J-050/60
출원번호
US-0287596
(2016-10-06)
등록번호
US-10248899
(2019-04-02)
발명자
/ 주소
Kesler, Morris P.
Alinger, Dustin J.
Twelker, Karl
Atasoy, Oguz
Vora, Shrenik
Katz, Noam
출원인 / 주소
WiTricity Corporation
대리인 / 주소
Fish & Richardson P.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
213
초록▼
The disclosure features wireless power transmitters configured to detect a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, the transmitters including a transmitter resonator, a transmitter impedance matching network coupled to the transmitter resonator, an amplifier coupled to the transmitter impedance m
The disclosure features wireless power transmitters configured to detect a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, the transmitters including a transmitter resonator, a transmitter impedance matching network coupled to the transmitter resonator, an amplifier coupled to the transmitter impedance matching network, a detection subsystem connected to the transmitter resonator, and a controller coupled to the amplifier and to the detection subsystem and configured so that during operation of the transmitter, the controller is configured to control the transmitter resonator, the amplifier, and the impedance matching network to cycle the transmitter between a power transmission mode and a RFID tag detection mode.
대표청구항▼
1. A wireless power transmitter configured to detect a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, the transmitter comprising: a transmitter resonator;a transmitter impedance matching network coupled to the transmitter resonator;an amplifier coupled to the transmitter impedance matching network;a det
1. A wireless power transmitter configured to detect a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, the transmitter comprising: a transmitter resonator;a transmitter impedance matching network coupled to the transmitter resonator;an amplifier coupled to the transmitter impedance matching network;a detection subsystem connected to the transmitter resonator; anda controller coupled to the amplifier and to the detection subsystem and configured so that during operation of the transmitter, the controller is configured to control the transmitter resonator, the amplifier, and the impedance matching network to cycle the transmitter between a power transmission mode and a RFID tag detection mode,wherein in the power transmission mode: the RFID tag detection mode is interrupted; andthe transmitter resonator generates a power magnetic field at a frequency fpower to transfer power to a wireless power receiver;wherein in the RFID tag detection mode: the power transmission mode is interrupted;the transmitter resonator generates at least one detection magnetic field at a frequency between f1 and f2 to excite a RFID tag;the detection subsystem measures a reflected impedance of the transmitter resonator at each frequency; andthe controller determines whether a RFID tag is present in proximity to the transmitter based on the reflected impedance of the transmitter resonator; andwherein f1 and f2 are greater than fpower. 2. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein the detection subsystem measures a real part of the reflected impedance of the transmitter resonator, and wherein the controller determines whether a RFID tag is present in proximity to the transmitter based on the real part of the reflected impedance of the transmitter resonator. 3. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein the detection subsystem measures an imaginary part of the reflected impedance of the transmitter resonator, and wherein the controller determines whether a RFID tag is present in proximity to the transmitter based on the imaginary part of the reflected impedance of the transmitter resonator. 4. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein f1 and f2 are each between 8 MHz and 22 MHz. 5. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein the amplifier provides one or more driving currents corresponding to the frequency of the at least one detection magnetic field to generate the at least one detection magnetic field. 6. The transmitter of claim 5, wherein the transmitter resonator comprises a resonator coil, the transmitter further comprising: a first capacitor C1 connected in series with the resonator coil; andone or more capacitors each connected to C1 through a different associated switch,wherein the controller is configured to activate the transmitter resonator to generate each detection magnetic field by: activating the amplifier to provide a driving current corresponding to a frequency of the detection magnetic field to the transmitter resonator; andclosing one of the associated switches to connect one of the capacitors to C1 through a continuous circuit pathway. 7. The transmitter of claim 5, wherein the transmitter comprises a tunable capacitor connected to the controller, and wherein the controller is configured to activate the transmitter resonator to generate each detection magnetic field by: activating the amplifier to provide a driving current corresponding to a frequency of the detection magnetic field to the transmitter resonator; andadjusting a capacitance value of the tunable capacitor based on the frequency of the detection magnetic field. 8. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein the transmitter resonator comprises a resonator coil and the transmitter comprises a first capacitor C1 connected in series with the resonator coil, wherein the detection subsystem is configured to measure a first voltage across a combination of the first capacitor and the resonator coil and a second voltage across the first capacitor, and wherein the controller is configured to determine the reflected impedance based on the measured first and second voltages. 9. The transmitter of claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to determine a current through the resonator coil based on the second voltage, and to determine the reflected impedance based on the first voltage and the current through the resonator coil. 10. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to determine whether a RFID tag is present in proximity to the transmitter by identifying one or more local maximum values in the reflected impedance of the transmitter resonator at frequencies between f1 and f2. 11. The transmitter of claim 10, wherein the controller is configured to determine whether a RFID tag is present in proximity to the transmitter by determining frequencies associated with the one or more local maximum values, and comparing the determined frequencies to reference information comprising resonance frequencies associated with RFID tags. 12. The transmitter of claim 10, wherein the controller is configured to determine whether a RFID tag is present in proximity to the transmitter by comparing the determined frequencies to one or more threshold frequency values corresponding to resonance frequency limits for RFID tags. 13. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to reduce an amplitude of the power magnetic field if a RFID tag is determined to be present in proximity to the transmitter. 14. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein in a single cycle, the transmitter operates for a first time period t1 in the power transmission mode and for a second time period t2 in the RFID tag detection mode, and wherein t2 is 500 microseconds or less. 15. The transmitter of claim 14, wherein t2 is 300 microseconds or less. 16. The transmitter of claim 14, wherein a total cycle time corresponding to a sum of t1 and t2 is between 0.5 seconds and 2 seconds. 17. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein in the RFID tag detection mode, the controller is configured to adjust a bus voltage in the amplifier to maintain a constant current in the transmitter resonator as each detection magnetic field is generated. 18. A method for detecting a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, the method comprising: operating a wireless power transmitter in a power transmission mode, wherein the operating comprises using a transmitter resonator of the transmitter to generate a power magnetic field at a frequency fpower to transfer power to a wireless power receiver;operating the wireless power transmitter in a RFID tag detection mode, wherein the operating comprises: using the transmitter resonator to generate at least one detection magnetic field at a frequency between f1 and f2 to excite a RFID tag;measuring a reflected impedance of the transmitter resonator at each frequency; anddetermining whether a RFID tag is present in proximity to the transmitter based on the measured reflected impedance of the transmitter resonator; andcycling the wireless power transmitter between the power transmission mode and the RFID tag detection mode,wherein f1 and f2 are greater than fpower. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising measuring a real part of the reflected impedance of the transmitter resonator, and determining whether a RFID tag is present in proximity to the transmitter based on the real part of the reflected impedance of the transmitter resonator. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein f1 and f2 are each between 8 MHz and 22 MHz. 21. The method of claim 18, further comprising activating an amplifier of the wireless power transmitter to provide one or more driving currents corresponding to the frequency of the at least one detection magnetic field to generate the at least one detection magnetic field. 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising, for each detection magnetic field: activating the amplifier to provide a driving current corresponding to a frequency of the detection magnetic field to the transmitter resonator; andconnecting at least one capacitor with a capacitor C1 of the wireless power transmitter through a continuous circuit pathway,wherein C1 is connected in series with a coil of the transmitter resonator. 23. The method of claim 18, wherein the transmitter resonator comprises a resonator coil and the transmitter comprises a first capacitor C1 connected in series with the resonator coil, the method further comprising: measuring a first voltage across a combination of the first capacitor and the resonator coil and a second voltage across the first capacitor; anddetermining the reflected impedance based on the measured first and second voltages. 24. The method of claim 18, further comprising determining whether a RFID tag is present in proximity to the transmitter by: identifying one or more local maximum values in the reflected impedance of the transmitter resonator at frequencies between f1 and f2;determining frequencies associated with the one or more local maximum values; andcomparing the determined frequencies to reference information comprising resonance frequencies associated with RFID tags.
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