Methods and apparatus to improve the accuracy of crediting media exposure through detecting reverberation indicative of spillover are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a reverberation analyzer to identify a quantity of short durations of loudness in an audio signal of media presented by a med
Methods and apparatus to improve the accuracy of crediting media exposure through detecting reverberation indicative of spillover are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a reverberation analyzer to identify a quantity of short durations of loudness in an audio signal of media presented by a media presentation device and calculate a ratio of the quantity of the short durations of loudness to a quantity of durations of loudness in the audio signal of the media, the quantity of the durations of loudness including the quantity of short durations of loudness. The example apparatus also includes a processor and memory in circuit with the processor, the memory including instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to mark the media as un-usable to credit a media exposure when the ratio does not satisfy a loudness ratio threshold.
대표청구항▼
1. An apparatus comprising: a reverberation analyzer to: identify a quantity of short durations of loudness in an audio signal of media presented by a media presentation device;calculate a ratio of the quantity of the short durations of loudness to a quantity of durations of loudness in the audio si
1. An apparatus comprising: a reverberation analyzer to: identify a quantity of short durations of loudness in an audio signal of media presented by a media presentation device;calculate a ratio of the quantity of the short durations of loudness to a quantity of durations of loudness in the audio signal of the media, the quantity of the durations of loudness including the quantity of short durations of loudness;a processor; anda memory in circuit with the processor, the memory including instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: store data denoting the media as un-usable to credit a media exposure based on the audio signal being spillover when the ratio does not satisfy a loudness ratio threshold. 2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the short durations of loudness are identified based on a duration threshold. 3. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the reverberation analyzer is further to: determine the durations of loudness in the audio signal of the media by identifying a first transition when a loudness flag transitions from a quiet-indicator value to a loud-indicator value, and identifying a second transition in the audio signal of the media when the loudness flag transitions from the loud-indicator value to the quiet-indicator value; anddetermine a duration of one of the durations of loudness as a number of samples of the audio signal between the first transition and the second transition. 4. The apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein the loudness flag is set to the quiet-indicator value when a sample of the audio signal satisfies a quiet threshold and a quiet length satisfies a quiet length threshold. 5. The apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein the reverberation analyzer is further to: increment the quiet length when the sample of the audio signal satisfies the quiet threshold; andset the quiet length to zero when the sample of the audio signal does not satisfy the quiet threshold. 6. The apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein the loudness flag is set to the loud-indicator value when a difference between a current sample of the audio signal and a previous sample of the audio signal satisfies a loud threshold. 7. The apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein a sample duration range is incremented at the second transition, the sample duration range corresponding to the number of samples of the audio signal between the first transition and the second transition. 8. An apparatus comprising: means for identifying a quantity of short durations of loudness in an audio signal of media presented by a media presentation device;means for calculating a ratio of the quantity of the short durations of loudness to a quantity of durations of loudness in the audio signal of the media, the quantity of the durations of loudness including the quantity of short durations of loudness; andmeans for detecting the audio signal as being spillover, the means for detecting the audio signal as being spillover to store data denoting the media as un-usable to credit a media exposure when the ratio does not satisfy a loudness ratio threshold, the storing of the data to improve an accuracy of the media exposure credit by excluding media having indications of spillover. 9. The apparatus as defined in claim 8, wherein the short durations of loudness are identified based on a duration threshold. 10. The apparatus as defined in claim 8, further including: means for determining the durations of loudness in the audio signal of the media by identifying a first transition when a loudness flag transitions from a quiet-indicator value to a loud-indicator value, and identifying a second transition in the audio signal of the media when the loudness flag transitions from the loud-indicator value to the quiet-indicator value; andmeans for determining a duration of one of the durations of loudness as a number of samples of the audio signal between the first transition and the second transition. 11. The apparatus as defined in claim 10, wherein the loudness flag is set to the quiet-indicator value when a sample of the audio signal satisfies a quiet threshold and a quiet length satisfies a quiet length threshold. 12. The apparatus as defined in claim 11, further including: means for incrementing the quiet length when the sample of the audio signal satisfies the quiet threshold; andmeans for setting the quiet length to zero when the sample of the audio signal does not satisfy the quiet threshold. 13. The apparatus as defined in claim 10, wherein the loudness flag is set to the loud-indicator value when a difference between a current sample of the audio signal and a previous sample of the audio signal satisfies a loud threshold, the loud threshold being based on a most recent dip value of the audio signal. 14. The apparatus as defined in claim 10, wherein a sample duration range is incremented at the second transition, the sample duration range corresponding to the number of samples of the audio signal between the first transition and the second transition. 15. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed, cause a machine to at least: determine a quantity of short durations of loudness in an audio signal of media presented by a media presentation device;determine a ratio of the quantity of the short durations of loudness to a quantity of durations of loudness in the audio signal of the media, the quantity of the durations of loudness including the quantity of short durations of loudness; andstore data denoting the media as un-usable to credit a media exposure based on the audio signal being spillover when the ratio does not satisfy a loudness ratio threshold, the storing of the data to improve an accuracy of the media exposure credit by excluding media having indications of spillover. 16. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium as defined in claim 15, wherein the short durations of loudness are identified based on a duration threshold. 17. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium as defined in claim 15, wherein the instructions are further to cause the machine to: determine the durations of loudness in the audio signal of the media by identifying a first transition when a loudness flag transitions from a quiet-indicator value to a loud-indicator value, and identifying a second transition in the audio signal of the media when the loudness flag transitions from the loud-indicator value to the quiet-indicator value; anddetermine a duration of one of the durations of loudness as a number of samples of the audio signal between the first transition and the second transition. 18. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium as defined in claim 17, wherein the loudness flag is set to the quiet-indicator value when a sample of the audio signal satisfies a quiet threshold and a quiet length satisfies a quiet length threshold. 19. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium as defined in claim 18, wherein the instructions are further to cause the machine to: increment the quiet length when the sample of the audio signal satisfies the quiet threshold; andset the quiet length to zero when the sample of the audio signal does not satisfy the quiet threshold. 20. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium as defined in claim 17, wherein the loudness flag is set to the loud-indicator value when a difference between a current sample of the audio signal and a previous sample of the audio signal satisfies a loud threshold, the loud threshold being based on a most recent dip value of the audio signal.
연구과제 타임라인
LOADING...
LOADING...
LOADING...
LOADING...
LOADING...
이 특허에 인용된 특허 (195)
James,Terry L., Accelerometer for data collection and communication.
Dougherty Robert A. (Ozona FL), Apparatus and method for injecting an ancillary signal into a low energy density portion of a color television frequency.
Dimitrova Nevenka ; Mc Gee Thomas ; Elenbaas Jan Hermanus ; Leyvi Eugene ; Ramsey Carolyn ; Berkowitz David, Apparatus and method for locating a commercial disposed within a video data stream.
Green, Marilynn P.; Wang, Shu-Shaw, Apparatus, and associated method, for determining geographical positioning of a mobile station operable in a radio communication system.
Lu Daozheng (Buffalo Grove IL) Shagrin Ceril T. (Palm Harbor FL) Thomas William L. (Clearwater FL) Lee Morris (Buffalo Grove IL) Bernard Bruce (Mundelein IL) Zhang Jia (Mundelein IL), Audience measurement system and method.
Fried, Eric P; Sabarathinam, Suresh, Audio device volume manager using measured volume perceived at a first audio device to control volume generation by a second audio device.
Nevenka Dimitrova ; Thomas McGee ; Lalitha Agnihotri, Automatic signature-based spotting, learning and extracting of commercials and other video content.
Freeman Michael J. (Sands Point NY), Closed circuit television system having seamless interactive television programming and expandable user participation.
Brooks Jon R. (Silver Spring MD) Jensen James M. (Columbia MD) McConochie Roberta M. (Annapolis MD) Osborn Susan V. (Columbia MD) Pearl Amy E. (Washington DC) Schmidt Carole M. (New Carrollton MD) Se, Compliance incentives for audience monitoring/recording devices.
Marks, Richard L.; Mao, Xiadong; Zalewski, Gary M., Computer image and audio processing of intensity and input devices for interfacing with a computer program.
Faerber Nelson A. (2900 14th St. N. Naples FL 33940) Bonner Edgar L. (Taylorsville NC), Editing method and apparatus for commercials during video recording.
McGee,Thomas; Agnihotri,Lalitha; Dimitrova,Nevenka; Jasinschi,Radu Serban, Family histogram based techniques for detection of commercials and other video content.
Jerry Iggulden, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING A VIDEOTAPE RECORDER IN REAL-TIME TO AUTOMATICALLY IDENTIFY AND SELECTIVELY SKIP SEGMENTS OF A TELEVISION BROADCAST SIGNAL DURING RECORDING OF THE TELEVISION SIGN.
Coronado, Juan Alonso; Krueger, Russell Bernard; Lara, Christina Ann; Peterson, Beth Ann; Somoza, Xavier Edgar; Taylor, Aaron Eugene, Management of a reserve forever device.
Fardeau Michel (Les Milles FRX) Briend Michel (Roquevaire FRX) Tommasi Marc (Ventabren FRX) Galant Serge (Aix-en-Provence FRX), Method and apparatus for automatically identifying a program including a sound signal.
Fardeau Michel (Les Milles FRX) Briend Michel (Roquevaire FRX) Tommasi Marc (Ventabren FRX) Galant Serge (Aix-en-Provence FRX), Method and apparatus for automatically identifying a program including a sound signal.
Fardeau Michel,FRX ; Briend Michel,FRX ; Tommasi Marc,FRX ; Galant Serge,FRX, Method and apparatus for automatically identifying a program including a sound signal.
Nafeh John (Portola Valley CA), Method and apparatus for classifying patterns of television programs and commercials based on discerning of broadcast au.
Mizushima, Koichiro, Method and apparatus for concurrently estimating respective directions of a plurality of sound sources and for monitoring individual sound levels of respective moving sound sources.
Iggulden Jerry (Santa Clarita CA) McFarland Alan (North Hollywood CA), Method and apparatus for controlling a videotape player to automatically scan past recorded commercial messages.
Iggulden Jerry, Method and apparatus for controlling a videotape recorder in real-time to automatically identify and selectively skip segments of a television broadcast signal during recording of the television sign.
Zurlinden Everett V. (Dunedin FL), Method and apparatus for determining audience viewing habits by jamming a control signal and identifying the viewers com.
Iggulden Jerry (Santa Clarita CA) Fields Kyle (El Corado Hills CA) McFarland Alan (North Hollywood CA) Wu Jung-ming (Acton MA), Method and apparatus for eliminating television commercial messages.
Aijala Victor A. (Arnold MD) Cohen Gerald B. (Gaithersburg MD) Jensen James M. (Columbia MD) Lynch Wendell D. (Silver Spring MD) Urbi Juan C. (Laurel MD), Method and apparatus for encoding/decoding broadcast or recorded segments and monitoring audience exposure thereto.
Blum Dieter W. (104-969 Jervis Street Vancouver ; B.C. V6E 2B7 CAX), Method and apparatus for identifying and eliminating specific material from video signals.
Aras Caglan M. ; Griffin Luther B. ; Lai Fuyung ; Stagg Arthur James ; Sy Kian-Bon Kho, Method and apparatus for monitoring audio-visual materials presented to a subscriber.
Lamb Robert G. (3121 U.S. Highway 64 Apex NC 27502) Economos Andrew M. (2 Edgemont Scarsdale NY 10583) Mazer Elliot F. (6501 Farallon Way Oakland CA 94611), Method and apparatus for recognizing broadcast information using multi-frequency magnitude detection.
Xanthos, James; McDowell, Mark; Stead, Graham; Khalil, Joseph; Helinski, David; Kitchell, Joseph, Method and system for measuring data quality of service in a wireless network using multiple remote units and a back end processor.
Heller Alan C. (San Antonio TX) Fox Christopher W. (San Antonio TX), Method for receiving and transmitting optical data and control information to and from remotely located receivers and tr.
Lee, Morris; Nelson, Daniel; Headley, Weston, Methods and apparatus for using location information to manage spillover in an audience monitoring system.
Lee, Morris; Nelson, Daniel; Headley, Weston, Methods and apparatus for using location information to manage spillover in an audience monitoring system.
Mears, Paul M.; Ramaswamy, Arun, Methods and apparatus to adaptively select sensor(s) to gather audience measurement data based on a variable system factor and a quantity of data collectable by the sensors.
Wright, David H.; Wilson, Scott; Schwerer, Ron; Heffernan, Ronan, Methods and apparatus to detect commercial advertisements associated with media presentations.
Wheeler, Henry B.; Lu, Daozheng; Kempter, Paul C.; Feininger, William A., Methods and apparatus to monitor reception of programs and content by broadcast receivers.
Schwartz Bruce V. ; Boyle Stephen S. ; King Peter F. ; Martin ; Jr. Bruce K., Reducing perceived latency in servicing user requests on low-bandwidth communication channels.
Crystal, Jack C.; Jensen, James M.; Krug, William K.; Lynch, Wendell D.; Neuhauser, Alan R.; Flanagan, III, Eugene L., Research data gathering with a portable monitor and a stationary device.
de Clerq,Stephan; Chambers,Christopher; Scott,Wayne; Yuh,Allen; Arling,Paul D.; Lilleness,Robert, System and method for controlling device location determination.
Bolle, Rudolf Maarten; Hampapur, Arun, System and method for measuring similarity between a set of known temporal media segments and a one or more temporal media streams.
Copriviza Robert C. (Tarzana CA) Dubin Arnold M. (Calabasas CA) Ackerman Edward B. (Encino CA) Wood Jackson B. (Tarzana CA) Eakins Jeffrey S. (Claremont CA) Harmon David D. (Torrance CA), System and method for monitoring video program material.
Ceresoli, Carl D.; Layman, Bruce E.; Birger, Alexander; Kvetny, Mikhail; Smychkovich, Boris, System and method for obtaining comprehensive vehicle radio listener statistics.
Mabey Kent W. (West Jordan UT) Boska Joseph M. (Columbia MD) Richards Stephen L. (Gallatin MO), System and methods for monitoring TV viewing system including a VCR and/or a cable converter.
Kutzik David M. (Philadelphia PA) Glascock Anthony P. (Newtown Square PA) Chute Douglas L. (Devon PA) Hewett Thomas T. (Wallingford PA) Hornum Barbara G. (Philadelphia PA), System for generating periodic reports, generating trend analysis, and intervention in accordance with trend analysis fr.
Kolessar,Ronald S.; Jensen,James M.; Zhang,Jack K.; Wood,Courtney Lewis; Flanagan, III,Eugene L., Systems and methods for gathering data concerning usage of media data.
Kiefl John B. (17 Castlethorpe Crescent Nepean ; Ontario CAX K2G 5P6), Television viewer monitoring system including portable data meter for each viewer.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.