초록 ▼

연구개발결과
○ 1세부과제 : LSON칩 기반 식물바이러스 국내 분포지도 개발 (1단계)
- 모든 식물바이러스를 한 번에 진단하는 기술 및 시스템 개발
· 식물바이러스 국내 분포지도 작성을 위한 대량 진단시스템 개발
- 식물바이러스 대용량 진단(LSON)칩 활용
· LSON칩을 활용한 신종·돌발 바이러스병 원인구명 및 효과적인 관리대책 확립
· LSON칩을 활용한 종자, 묘목, 구근 등 수출입 검역 관련 식물바이러스 진단
○ 2세부과제 : 미국선녀벌레 기초생태 및 발생예측 모형 연구
- 미

연구개발결과
○ 1세부과제 : LSON칩 기반 식물바이러스 국내 분포지도 개발 (1단계)
- 모든 식물바이러스를 한 번에 진단하는 기술 및 시스템 개발
· 식물바이러스 국내 분포지도 작성을 위한 대량 진단시스템 개발
- 식물바이러스 대용량 진단(LSON)칩 활용
· LSON칩을 활용한 신종·돌발 바이러스병 원인구명 및 효과적인 관리대책 확립
· LSON칩을 활용한 종자, 묘목, 구근 등 수출입 검역 관련 식물바이러스 진단
○ 2세부과제 : 미국선녀벌레 기초생태 및 발생예측 모형 연구
- 미국선녀벌레 월동난에 대한 선형, 비선형 온도 발육예측 모형 (5개) 및 발육 완료 분포 모형 (1개)을 개발하였음
- CLIMEX를 이용하여 미국선녀벌레 국내 지역별 정착위험도를 분석한 결과 영남 5개 지역에서 정착 위험성이 큰 것으로 분석되었음
- 미국선녀벌레 약충에 효과적인 약제를 충체 침지법으로 검토한 결과 델타메스린 등 6종은 2일후에 사망율이 100%에 도달하였음
○ 3세부과제 : 미국선녀벌레의 천적 탐색 및 생물적방제 연구
- 미국선녀벌레의 월동알을 채집하여 알기생성 천적에 의한 기생 및 우화여부를 확인한 결과 알기생성 천적이 발견되지 않았음
- 미국선녀벌레 및 선녀벌레의 약충 기생성 천적 탐색을 위해 노지 수목류 및 단감 과원에서 발생한 미국선녀벌레와 선녀벌레 약충을 채집하여 실험실 내에서 기생여부 조사한 결과, 2011년 8월 2일 충남 예산군에서 채집한 미국선녀벌레 약충에 기생성 천적의 머미 3개체가 발견되었으며 그 중 1개체가 우화하였음
○ 4세부과제 : 제초제 저항성 피속 잡초의 유전적 변이 연구
- 생식형질을 이용하여 국내의 피속(genus Echinochloa) 잡초를 분류, 동정한 결과 8분류군이 분포하는 것으로 밝혀졌음
- 핵산 DNA와 엽록체 DNA의 일부구간 염기서열 분석과 SSR 마커 이용 fragment 분석에 의해 국내의 피속 잡초는 4종으로 분류되는 것이 타당한 것으로 밝혀졌으며 이는 외국이 학자들의 의견과 일치하였음
- 제초제 감수성 및 저항성 피속 잡초를 SSR마커를 이용하여 유전적 다양성을 분석하고 집단구조모델을 이용하여 분석한 결과 국내의 피속잡초는 저항성집단, 감수성 집단, 저항성과 감수성이 혼재된 집단으로 구분되었으며 앞으로 국내에 저항성 집단은 급속도로 확산될 것으로 예측되었음

Abstract ▼

To develop a domestic plant virus distribution map, a total of 41 investigation sites in 18 areas of 8 provinces were selected, considering the cultivation characteristics. From 34 sites, a toal of 175 samples including crops and weeds were collected for analyses of virus infection and examined by e

To develop a domestic plant virus distribution map, a total of 41 investigation sites in 18 areas of 8 provinces were selected, considering the cultivation characteristics. From 34 sites, a toal of 175 samples including crops and weeds were collected for analyses of virus infection and examined by electron microscopy and LSON chip. Although electron microscopic observation detected some filamentous and rod-shaped particles in the collected samples, LSON chip method could not detect any diagnostic viruses. To collect virus-infected plants, 157 samples of various weeds were collected from the areas surrounding oriental melon cultivating fields in Seongju, Gyeongsangbuk-do, where occurred high-pathogenic Tobamovirus(rod-shaped virus) and examined by electron microscopy and LSON chip. As a result, virus particles were not detected in the collected. In 2013, around the areas cultivating pepper mixed-infected with five viruses including Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV), Broad bean virus 2(BBWV2), and P epper mottle virus(PepMoV), 270 weeds collected from 3 investigation sites in Taean and 335 weeds from 4 sites in Cheongyang were collected and examined by electron microscopy, LSON chip and RT-PCR. As the same results obtained by the surveys in 2011 and 2012, viruses were not detected. Therefore, virus detection system in host, vectors and intermediate hosts is required to be established and there is a need to expand the investigation area.
For efficient diagnostic system using LSON chip, the LSON chip ver. 2 consisting two sets of 3,978 probes per 16 blocks designed against 540 species of plant viruses was upgraded to the LSON Chip Ver. 3 comprising 3 sets of 3,954 probes per 12 blocks. The LSON chip ver. 3 can diagnose three independent samples simultaneously, increasing cost efficiency. To establish a high-throughput diagnostic system for mapping the distribution of plant viruses, it was examined to be effective to extract RNA by mixing each 40 mg of ten samples for LSON chip diagnosis. In this study, Tomato chlorotic virus (ToCV) and Plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV), belonging to the virus members requiring national management, were firstly reported in tomato and lily, respectively, through LSON chip diagnosis.
This study was conducted to reveal the basic ecology and to develop the forcasting models of M etcalfa pruinosa immature development. The developmental times of overwintering eggs of M . pruinosa were investigated at 12.5∼35℃ temperature regimes on five times (11th April, 16th April, 22nd April, 26th April and 2nd May). Overwintering eggs were successfully developed on each tested temperature regimes except 12.5℃ and 3 5℃ on 4th incubation date (26th April). The developmental time was longest at 15℃ (49.6 days) and shortest at 30℃ (13.3 days). Nymphs almost did not develop to the adult stage from 15℃ to 32.5℃ temperature regimes. The relationships between developmental rate and temperature were fitted by a linear model and four nonlinear models (Briere 1, Lactin 2, Logan 6, and modified Sharpe & DeMichele). The lower threshold temperature of overwintering egg was 10.1℃ and the thermal constant of overwintering egg was 252.5DD. Nonlinear models were best fitted (r² = 0.99) for overwintering egg development. The distribution of completion of overwintering eggs development was described by 2-parameter Weibull function (r² = 0.76). The CLIMEX^® (version 3.0) (Sutherst et al., 2007) program was applied to predict M . pruinosa' s potential geographical distribution in Korean peninsula and identify areas at risk. The southern-east parts of Korea (Gumi-si, Pohang-si, Yeongcheon-si, Yeongdeok-gun and Daegu-si) were provide the most suitable climate for M . pruinosa' s development. In 2003, the climate condition was the best to estabilish for invasive M . pruinosa population. Direct insecticidal effect of pesticides (14 registered insecticide) was tested for M . pruinosa nymphs by dipping method. Among them, deltamethrin, dinotefuran, ethofenprox, α-cypermethrin, fenthion, methidathion showed 100% mortality at two days after treatment.
Metcalfa pruinosa is native to North America and has been known for damaging on forest trees, orchard and citrus trees, grape and other vines, numerous shrubs, and some herbs. This insect was firstly founded in Korea, 2009 and damaged sweet persimmon, bean, corn and grape, on as well as forest trees. As its damage is spreaded, biological control is needed for continuous suppression of M . pruinosa population. For investigation of parasitic natural enemies of M . pruinosa, egg and nymph of M . pruinosa were collected in Incheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheongbuk-do, Chungcheongnam-do and Gyeongsangnamdo from February to September, 2011. Collected individuals were observed whether parasitized or not under microscope. The parasitized egg of M . pruinosa by parasitic wasp was not found in collected eggs. However, we found three parasitized mummies of M . pruinosa nymphs in Yesan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do on August 2^nd. Only one parasitoid was emerged from three mummies.
The genus Echinochloa is one of major problematic weeds in Korea occurring mostly at paddy field and damp places. There are seven taxa distributed in Korea. This study was attempted to distinguish the difficult species of Echinochloa by investigating their major morphological characteristics, including plant height, length of nodes, length of panicles, the number of panicle branches, the angle of panicle branches, length of awns, and length and width of leaves. Seven taxa were identified based on suggested morphological characters. There are, however, no obvious discriminating morphological characters for Echinochloa crus-galli, including var. crus-galli, var. praticola, and var. echinata investigated. There seems to have many natural hybridization events occurred in E. crus-galli. Many different intermediate forms of Echinochloa crus-galli were found in nature. To better understand the genus, molecular approach was applied. Phylogenies derived from sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spac r (ITS) and external transcribe spacer and chloroplast DNA trnL intron, trnL-F intergenic spacer and matK regions revealed only four species of Echinochloa. This results was supported by the UPGMA phylogram generated using SSR fragment analysis. Taxa showing continuos morphological spectrum should be treated as one species. It could be a E. crus-galli complex. The Korean Echinochloa, therefore, should be summarized with four species, i.e., E. oryzicola, E. crus-galli, E. esculenta, and E. oryzoides. The steady reliance on the Acetyl-CoA carboxylase and acetolactate synthase inhibiting herbicides for its control has led the resistance to them. Seven SSR markers were applied to assess the genetic diversity between resistant and susceptible E. crus-galli and E. oryzicola from 12 populations in Korea. UPGMA dendrogram generated two distinct clades. One was consisted of Echinochloa from three populations, which were resistant and differentiated from the susceptible populations, and the other contained the rest of all the individuals. Structure model supported two clades. Based on these data, we can estimate that herbicide resistant populations were mixed with susceptible populations and gradually evolutionized in the paddy field of Korea.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 요약문 ... 3
• SUMMARY ... 6
• 목차 ... 9
• 제 1 장 서 론 ... 10
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 13
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 16
• 1절 LSON칩 기반 식물바이러스 국내분포지도 개발 (1단계) ... 16
• 2절 미국선녀벌레 기초생태 및 발생예측 모형 연구 ... 29
• 3절 미국선녀벌레의 천적 탐색 및 생물적 방제 연구 ... 49
• 4절 제초제저항성 피속잡초의 유전적 변이 연구 ... 52
• 제 4 장 연구개발목표 달성도 및 대외기여도 ... 69
• 1. 목표대비 달성도 ... 69
• 2. 정량적 성과 ... 70
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 71
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 72
• 제 7 장 기타 중요 변동사항 ... 73
• 제 8 장 가과학기술종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구장비 현황 ... 74
• 제 9 장 참고문헌 ... 75
• 끝페이지 ... 81