초록 ▼

○ 연구결과
본 연구는 강제수영능력을 평가 기준으로 하여 자양강장 효과가 있는 대체의학 제품개발을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 수행되었다. 규칙적인 수영훈련과 더불어 복분자, 향부자, 가시오가피, 삼백초, 음양곽, 어성초의 30% 에탄올 추출물을 4주간 경구 투여(500 mg/Kg body weight)한 후 생쥐의 강제수영능력 및 관련 대사물질들의 농도를 측정하였다. 이중 대조군보다 수영시간이 길었으면서도 피로물질의 축적이 적었던 복분자와 가시오가피 추출물은 운동수행능력 향상 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.
다음으로 규칙적인

○ 연구결과
본 연구는 강제수영능력을 평가 기준으로 하여 자양강장 효과가 있는 대체의학 제품개발을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 수행되었다. 규칙적인 수영훈련과 더불어 복분자, 향부자, 가시오가피, 삼백초, 음양곽, 어성초의 30% 에탄올 추출물을 4주간 경구 투여(500 mg/Kg body weight)한 후 생쥐의 강제수영능력 및 관련 대사물질들의 농도를 측정하였다. 이중 대조군보다 수영시간이 길었으면서도 피로물질의 축적이 적었던 복분자와 가시오가피 추출물은 운동수행능력 향상 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.
다음으로 규칙적인 수영훈련과 더불어 밀리타리스 동충하초, 자포니카, 상황버섯, 영지버섯, 홍삼, 잎새버섯의 30% 에탄올 추출물을 4주간 경구 투여(500 mg/Kg BW)한 후 생쥐의 강제수영능력 및 관련된 혈중 대사물질들의 농도를 측정하였다. 이중 대조군보다 수영시간이 길었으면서도 피로물질의 축적이 적었던 잎새버섯과 자포니카 추출물은 운동수행능력을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
스쿠알렌, 옥타코사놀 및 중쇄지방 보충식이가 흰쥐의 운동수행능력에 미치는 효과를 평가하였다. 강제수영시간은 MCT군과 옥타코사놀군이 대조군 및 스쿠알렌군 보다 길었다(p<0.05). 혈액의 피로요쇼를 분석한 결과 MCT군과 옥타코사놀군은 연장된 운동 기간 동안 근육의 에너지원으로 지방 이용을 증가시켜 포도당을 절약하고, 피로물질인 혈중 암모니아의 축적을 지연함으로써 강제수영능력을 향상시킨 것으로 생각된다.
두 종류의 자양강장용 기능성 식품이 흰쥐의 운동수행능력에 미치는 효과를 평가하였다. EFA군과 EFB군은 대조식이에 4.56% 수준으로 첨가한 보충식이로 총 4주간 사육하였고, 매주 2회 수영 적응 훈련을 하였다. 운동수행능력은 강제수영능력으로 평가하였으며, 실험종료 후 각 군을 다시 두 군으로 나누어 한 군에서는 90분간 강제 수영 후에, 다른 한 군에서는 탈진 때까지의 강제수영시간을 측정한 후에 각각 채혈 및 간과 골격근을 적출하여 관련된 대사 물질의 함량을 분석하였다. 강제 수영시간은 운동 대조군 보다 EFA군과 EFB군에서 유의하게 증가하였고(p<0.05), 비복근의 무게는 EFB군이 EC군에 비해 높았다(p<0.05).90분간 강제수영 후 혈중 암모니아 농도가 EFB군이 EC군에 비해 낮았다(p<0.05). 한편 탈진 때까지의 강제수영 후 EFA군과 EFB군의 lactate 농도는 EC군과의 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았고, EFA군과 EFB군의 유리지방산의 농도는 EC군 보다 낮았다(p<0.05). 결론적으로 EFA군과 EFB군은 연장된 운동 기간 동안 에너지원으로 지방 이용을 증가시켜 포도당을 절약하고 피로물질의 축적을 지연함으로써 강제수영능력을 향상시킨 것으로 사료된다.
아래 내용은 treadmill을 사용한 지구력 운동부하실험에 관한 연구결과이다. 생후 6주령의 Sprague Dawley계 수컷 흰쥐를 다음의 여덟 군으로 분류하였다(n=6): 비운동대조군(Sedentary control group; SC), 운동대조군(Exercised control group; EC), 복분자군(Exercised Bokbunja supplemented group; EB), 삼백초군(Exercised Sambaekcho supplemented group; ES), 어성초군(Exercised Eursungcho supplemented group; EE), 오가피군(Exercised Orgapi supplemented group; EO), 음양곽군(Exercised Umyangkak supplemented group; EU) 및 향부자군(Exercised Hyangbuja supplemented group; EH). 각 실험식이는 식물체의 에탄올추출물 30 g/Kg 수준으로 일반식이에 첨가하여 제조하였고, EC군과 다른 식이첨가군은 점증부하운동법에 준해 트레이드밀에서 4주간 지구력 운동훈련을 실시하였다. 탈진 시까지의 지구력 운동지속시간을 측정한 결과, EC군의 경우 76±2분으로 나타나 SC군(23±1분)보다 230% 유의하게 더 높았으며(p<0.01), ES군의 경우 222±31분으로 EC군에 비해서 190% 유의적으로 증가해서 가장 높은 값을 나타냈다(p<0.01). 한편, EO군의 탈진시까지 주행시간은 119±11분으로, 그리고 EH군의 주행시간은 122±22분으로 나타나, EC군에 비해 43∼46분 정도 유의적으로 더 길게 나타났다(p<0.05). 피로요소의 분석결과로 부터 삼백초, 오가피 및 향부자는 근육 glycogen 절약효과를 가지며 에너지대사와 관련된 근육 효소의 활성을 증가시킴으로써 운동훈련을 받은 흰쥐의 지구력운동 수행능력을 향상시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 해석하였다.
다음으로, 밀리타리스, 상황버섯, 영지버섯, 잎새버섯, 자포니카 및 홍삼의 효과를 연구하였다. 홍삼 첨가식이는 운동훈련에 단련된 흰쥐의 지구력운동 수행능력을 향상시키는 가장 효과가 있는 것으로 사료되며, 영지버섯의 첨가식이도 홍삼과 더불어 혈중 피로회복에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 생각된다.
한편, 옥타코사놀, 스쿠알렌, MCT는 근육 glycogen 절약효과를 가지며 에너지대사와 관련된 근육 효소의 활성을 증가시킴으로써 운동훈련을 받은 흰쥐의 지구력운동 수행능력을 향상시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다
또한, 민간에서 보신식품으로 널리 이용되어 온 용봉탕 및 생사탕이 흰쥐의 지구력 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향을 평가하는 연구를 수행하였는데 이들은 효과가 없었다.
이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 운동수행능력 향상에 탁월한 효능이 있었던 원료를 선정하여 두 종류의 복합물을 디자인하였으며, 디자인된 복합물의 섭취가 흰쥐의 지구력 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 생후 6주령의 Sprague Dawley계 수컷 흰쥐를 다음의 네군으로 분류하였다(n=16): 비운동대조군(Sedentary control group; SC), 운동대조군(Exercised control group; EC), 복합물 A군(Exercised formula A supplemented group;EA) 및 복합물 B군(Exercised formula B supplemented group; EB). 각 실험식이군은 다시 운동부하실험 방법에 따라 탈진 시까지 주행운동부하군(Part Ⅰ), 그리고 1시간 주행운동부하군(Part Ⅱ)으로 나누어 실험하였다(n=8). 실험식이는 복합물 A 또는 B를 45.6 g/Kg 수준으로 일반식이에 첨가하여 제조하였고, 운동훈련을 받은 군은 점증부하운동법에 준해 트레이드밀에서 4주간 지구력 운동훈련을 실시하였다. 탈진 시까지 지구력 운동지속시간을 측정한 결과(Part Ⅰ), EC군의 경우 108±8분으로 SC군(39±5분)에 비해 177% 유의적으로 더 길었고(p<0.01), EA군 및 EB군은 EC군에 비해 각각 19% 및 20% 더 길었다. 혈청 creatine kinase 활성은 EC군에 비해 EA군에서 유의하게 더 높았고(p<0.05), 근육 lactate dehydrogenase 활성은 EA 또는 EB군 모두 EC군에 비해 유의하게 더 높았다(p<0.01). 근육 glycogen 농도는 군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 한편, 일정시간(1시간) 주행운동부하 실험을 실시한 후 측정된 혈청 암모니아농도는 EA군에서 EC군에 비해 유의하게 더 높았고 (p<0.05), 혈청 lactate 농도는 EA 또는 EB군에서 EC군에 비해 낮은 경향을 보였으나, 유의성은 없었다. 근육 citrate synthase 활성은 EA군에서 EC군에 비해 유의하게 더 높았다(p<0.0). 이상의 결과들을 종합해 볼 때, Formula A와 B는 모두 지구력운동 수행능력 향상효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다.
아래는 인체시험에 관한 연구결과이다. 개소주와 위약 투여에 따른 운동수행력의 변화는 통계적으로 유의한 차가 나타나지 않았다(p>.05). 개소주군의 경우, 투여전과 투여후 통계적으로 유의한 차는 나타나지 않았으나(p>.05), 투여전에 비해 투여후에 운동시간이 1분 22초연장되었다. 위약군의 경우, 투여전과 투여후 거의 동일한 운동 시간을 기록하였으며, 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다(p>.05). 개소주군과 위약군에서의 투여 전과 투여 후 암모니아 농도에서만 안정 시와 운동종료 시, 운동종료 시와 회복 30분 후에서 유의한 차가 나타났을뿐(p<.05), 운동수행력, 젖산, 무기인산, 요산, pH에서는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p>.05). 따라서, 개소주의 복용으로 인한 운동수행에 대한 효능 및 피로요인에 미치는 영향은 미비하다고 할 수 있다.
연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 복합 기능성 보조제의 투여 전․후 운동수행력과 혈중피로 요소의 농도 차이를 비교․분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 지구성 운동수행 시간은 투여 전․후에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<.05). 복합 기능성보조제 투여후 운동수행시간이 투여 전에 비해 10.7% 증가되었다. 둘째, 혈중 피로요소(Lactate, Ammonia, Phosphorus, pH, 5-HT)의 농도 변화는 투여 전․후에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때, 복합 기능성 보조제 투여 후 운동 수행 시간이 투여 전과 비교하여 10.7% 증가된 운동수행을 하였음에도 불구하고, 투여 전․후의 운동수행 시 모든 시기에서 혈중 피로물질 축적이 유의한 차이가 없게 나타난 것은, 복합 기능성 보조제 투여가 최대하 운동강도에서 혈중 피로물질의 축적을 저하시켰기 때문이다. 따라서, 인체실험 결과 한국식품개발연구원에서 개발한 복합 기능성보조제 투여는 지구성 운동수행력 증진과 최대하 운동강도에서 인체의 피로를 지연시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract ▼

IV. Results and Recommendation
Adaptogenic activity of medicinal plant extracts was studied based on the forced-swimming time of mice administered each extract. Mice were regularly trained and administered ethanolic extract(500 mg/kg body weight) of Rubus coreanus Miquel, Cyperus rotundus Linn.,

IV. Results and Recommendation
Adaptogenic activity of medicinal plant extracts was studied based on the forced-swimming time of mice administered each extract. Mice were regularly trained and administered ethanolic extract(500 mg/kg body weight) of Rubus coreanus Miquel, Cyperus rotundus Linn., Acanthopanax sessiliflorus, Saururus chinensis Baili, Epimedium koreanum Nakai, Houttuynia cordata Thunb. for 4 weeks, and then their swimming time and fatigue factors were measured. Forced-swimming time until exhaustion was significantly longer(p<0.05) in R. coreanus group, but shorter(p<0.05) in S. chinensis group than that of control. Lactate levels of plasma did not significantly differ between a control and each treatment group. Plasma lactate level tended to be lower in R. coreanus group, but not significant. Plasma ammonia levels of R. coreanus and A. sessiliflorus groups were significantly lower as compared to a control group(p<0.05). Glycogen contents in liver and muscle did not show significant differences between a control and each treatment. It could be concluded that extracts of R. coreanus and A. sessiliflorus which endowed mice with longer swimming time and less accumulation of fatigue factors contributed to the improvement of athletic activity of an experimental animal.
The tonic effect of Cordyceps militaris(CM), Paecilomyces japonia(PJ), Phellinus linteus(PL), Ganoderma lucidum(GL), Grifola frondosa(GF) and Panax ginseng(PG) was examined based on the forced-swimming capacity and the change of biochemical parameters in ICR mice. The treatment groups were orally administered medicinal plant extracts(500 mg/kg/day), while the control group received distilled water for 4 weeks. The swimming times to exhaustion were longer in the CM, PJ and GF groups than in the control group(p<0.05). Plasma TG levels were lower in the treatment groups than in the control group. Plasma glucose levels were not significantly different between a control and each treatment group except the PG group. Plasma lactate and ammonia levels of the PJ and GF groups were lower than those of the control group(p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the content of liver and gastrocnemius muscle glycogen between a control and each treatment group. In conclusion, PJ and GF extracts enhanced the forced swimming capacity of mice by increasing fat utilization and by delaying the accumulation of plasma lactate and ammonia.
This study was performed to evaluate effects of squalene, octacosanol and midium-chain triglyceride(MCT) on the forced-swimming capacity and the related biochemical parameters in SD rats. Treatment groups fed the diet supplemented with squalene or octacosanol of 0.75%, or substituted 60% of soybean oil by MCT respectively for 4 weeks. All groups were trained 2 times per week regularly to be accustomed to swim. After 4 weeks, each group was divided into two subgroups; one swam for 90 min(90-min subgroup) and the other swam until exhaustion(all-out subgroup). Plasma was collected and liver and gastrocnemius muscle were dissected out after swimming. Among the 90-min subgroups, plasma glucose and ammonia levels of octacosanol and MCT groups were significantly lower than those of other two groups(p<0.05), but FFA level was not different. Meanwhile, after swimming until exhaustion, plasma glucose and ammonia levels of octacosanol and MCT groups were not different from those of other two groups, but plasma FFA level of octacosanol and MCT groups was significantly lower than that of control group(p<0.05). Swimming time until exhaustion was significantly longer in the octacosanol and MCT groups compared to other two groups(p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the glycogen content of liver and gastrocnemius muscle among other groups except squalene group. In conclusion, octacosanol and MCT groups enhanced the forced swimming capacity of rats by sparing the glycogen with increase of fat utilization and by delaying the accumulation of plasma lactate and ammonia during prolonged exercise.
Next study was performed to evaluate effects of extract of terrapin and snake on the forced-swimming capacity and the related biochemical parameters in SD rats. Treatment groups fed the diet supplemented with terrapin extract of 5% or snake extract of 1% respectively for 4 weeks. All groups were trained 2 times per week regularly to be accustomed to swimming. After 4 weeks, each group was divided into two subgroups; one swam for 90 min(90-min subgroup) and the other swam until exhaustion(all-out subgroup). Plasma was collected and liver and gastrocnemius muscle were dissected out after swimming. No significant difference was observed in the swimming time until exhaustion among the groups. After swimming for 90 min, the fatigue factors of plasma were not significantly different among the groups, but citrate synthase activity of gastrocnemius muscle were significantly higher in the snake-supplemented group than in the control group(p<0.05). After swimming until exhaustion, plasma glucose level was significantly lower(p<0.001) but plasma lactate and ammonia levels were significantly higher(p<0.05) in the snake-supplemented group than in the control group. Glycogen content of gastrocnemius muscle was also significantly higher in the snake-supplemented group than in the control group(p<0.05). In conclusion, extracts of terrapin and snake did not enhance the forced swimming capacity of rats. Rather, snake extract might reduce the endurance excercise performance by accumulating fatigue factor.
Final study was performed to evaluate effects of two types of formulas designed for commercial product on the forced-swimming capacity and the related biochemical parameters in SD rats. Ingredients used for the formulas were selected based on our previous experiments. Treatment groups fed the diet supplemented with formula A(EFA group) or B(EFB group) of 4.56% respectively for 4 weeks. All groups were trained 2 times per week regularly to be accustomed to swim. After 4 weeks, each group was divided into two subgroups; one swam for 90 min(90-min subgroup) and the other swam until exhaustion(all-out subgroup). Plasma was collected and liver and skeletal muscle were dissected out after swimming. Forced-swimming time until exhaustion was significantly longer(p<0.05) in EFA and EFB groups than that of exercised control group. Skeletal muscle weight of the EFB group was significantly higher than that of the exercised control group(p<0.05). Among the 90-min subgroups, plasma ammonia level of EFB group was significantly lower than that of exercise control group(p<0.05). Meanwhile, among the all-out subgroups, plasma lactate levels were not significantly different between a exercised control and each treatment group, but plasma free fatty acid level of EFA and EFB group was significantly lower than that of exercised control group(p<0.05). In conclusion, EFA and EFB groups enhanced the forced swimming capacity of rats by increasing fat utilization and by delaying the accumulation of plasma fatigue factor, and the effects tended to be better in EFB group than in the EFA group.
The following results were based on running endurance of rats in a treadmill. The first study was attempted to examine effects of dietary supplementation of Sambaekcho, Orgapi, or Hyangbuja on endurance exercise performance in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of eight groups(n=6); sedentary control group(SC), exercise-trained control group(EC), exercised Bokbunja supplemented group(EB), exercised Sambaekcho supplemented group(ES), exercised Eursungcho supplemented group(EE), exercised Orgapi supplemented group(EO), exercised Umyangkak supplemented group(EU), and exercised Hyangbuja supplemented group(EH). Rats were fed experimental diets supplemented with ethanol extracts of various plants at the level of 30 g/kg. Rats of exercised group performed exercise training for 4 weeks in a rodent treadmill. EC rats ran 230% longer on a treadmill until exhaustion than SC rats(76±2 vs 23±1 min, p<0.01), while ES, EO, or EH rats ran 190%, 57%, or 61% longer than the value for EC rats (p<0.01, p<0.05, or p<0.05, respectively). EE, EB, EO, or EH rats exhibited significantly elevated the creatine kinase activity compared to that for EC rats(p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.05, respectively) under rested state. Serum ammonia concentration was not significantly different among groups. Serum lactate concentration was significantly increased in supplemented group except EH group compared to the value for EC group(p<0.01). Serum glucose concentration was significantly higher in ES rats compared to the value for EC group(p<0.05), and inorganic phosphate concentration was not significantly affected by dieting supplemented with the exception of EU rats. Muscle glycogen concentration was lowered in EC groups compared to the value for SC group(5.39±0.75 vs 8.31±1.60 mg/g tissue). Although ES, EO, or EH rats ran significantly longer until exhausted, their gastrocnemius muscle glycogen concentration under rested state was not significantly different from that of EC rat(in EO, or EH rats) but significantly higher than that of EC rats(in the ES　rats, p<0.05). Muscle lactate dehydrogenase activity were not significantly different among groups. Dietary supplementation of Hyangbuja significantly elevated citrate synthase activity in the muscle of exercise-trained rats. These results indicate that the ergogenic properties of Sambaekcho, Orgapi, or Hyangbuja are exerted by sparing muscle glycogen stores in the muscle of trained rats during an endurance running.
Next study was attempted to examine effects of dietary supplementation of red ginseng or medicinal mushrooms on endurance exercise performance in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of eight groups (n=6); sedentary control group(SC), exercise-trained control group(EC), Exercised Cordyceps militaris supplemented group(EM), Exercised Phellinus linteus supplemented group(ES), Exercised Garnoderma lucidem supplemented group(EY), Exercised Grifola frondosa supplemented group(EI), Exercised Paecilomyces japonica supplemented group(EJ) and Exercised Panax red ginseng supplemented group(EH). Rats were fed experimental diets supplemented with ethanol extracts of red ginseng or medicinal mushrooms at the level of 30 g/kg for 4 weeks. Rats of exercised group performed exercise training for 4 weeks in a rodent treadmill. EC rats(83±7 min) ran longer than SC rats(27±12 min, p<0.01) until exhausted, while EH rats ran 124% longer than the value for EC rats(p<0.01). Serum ammonia concentration was si nificantly increased in supplemented groups compared to the value for EC group with the exception of EY group. Serum lactate concentration was significantly increased in supplemented groups with the exception of EH group compared to the value for EC group(p<0.01). Muscle glycogen concentration was significantly lowered in EC groups compared to the value for SC group(p<0.01). Probably due to the loss of glycogen storage during the endurance exercising performance until all-out. However, muscle glycogen concentration was significantly increased in EH groups compared to the value for EC group(p<0.05). Activity of muscle citrate synthase and lactate dehydrogenase were not significantly different among groups. In conclusion, these results indicate that dietary supplementation of Panax red ginseng is effective in enhancing endurance exercising performance of trained rats.
The third study was performed to evaluate effects of octacosanol, squalene, or MCT on the running performance and related biochemical parameters of exercise-trained rats under exhaustion. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of the five groups; sedentary control group(SC), exercise-trained control group(EC), exercise-trained and octacosanol supplemented group(EO), exercise trained and squalene supplemented group(ES), and exercise-trained and MCT supplemented group(EM). Five groups were raised on control, octacosanol(0.75%) supplemented diet, squalene(0.75%)-supplemented diet, or MCT(6%) supplemented diet with(or without for SC rats) exercise training for 4 weeks. EC rats run 184% longer on the treadmill until exhausted than the SC rats (p<0.01), while EO, ES, or EM rats run 46%, 181%, or 187% longer than the value of that for EC rats(p<0.05, p<0.01, or p<0.01, respectively). Under the exhausted state which immediately followed the running performance test, EO rats exhibited significantly elevated plasma ammonia and lactate concentrations, ES rats exhibited significantly elevated plasma inorganic phosphorous concentration, and EM rats exhibited significantly elevated plasma ammonia and inorganic phosphorous concentrations compared to the values for EC rats(p<0.05). Although EO, ES, and EM rats run significantly longer until exhausted, their gastrocnemius muscle glycogen concentration under exhausted state was not significantly different from that of EC rats (in the EO and ES rats) but significantly higher than that of EC rats(in the EM rats, p<0.05). Dietary supplementation of octacosanol, squalene, or MCT significantly elevated the creatine kinase activity in plasma, citrate synthase activity in muscle, and lactate dehydrogenase activity(not significant in EO group) in muscle of exercise-trained rats. These results suggest the ergogenic properties of octacosanol, squalene, or MCT sparing muscle glycogen stores and increasing oxidative capacity in the muscle of exercise-trained rats.
The forth study was attempted to examine effects of well-known invigorant foods such as snake soup or Trionyx sinesis soup on endurance exercise performance in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of eight groups(n=8); sedentary control group(SC), exercised control group(EC), exercised snake soup supplemented group(ES), and exercised Trionyx sinesis soup supplemented group(ET). Rats were fed experimental diets supplemented with snake soup or Trionyx sinesis soup at the level of 10 g/kg or 50 g/kg, respectively. Rats of exercised group performed exercise training for 4 weeks in a rodent treadmill. EC rats(164±31 min) ran longer than SC rats(33±6 min, p<0.01) until exhausted. ES rats(159±23 min) and ET rats(125±11 min) ran 4% and 24% shorter than the value for EC rats. Serum ammonia and lactate levels were not significantly different among groups. Serum creatine kinase activity was significantly lower in ES and ET rats compared to the value for EC rats(p<0.01). Muscle glycogen concentration was significantly lower in EC rats compared to the value for SC rats(4.8±0.8 vs 6.9±0.9 mg/g tissue, p<0.01). Muscle citrate synthase activity was significantly higher in ES rats compared to the value for EC rats. These results indicate that traditionally used invigorating foods such as snake and Trionyx sinesis were not effective in enhancing endurance exercise performance of trained rats.
Final study was performed to evaluate effects of formulations designed for a commercial product on endurance performance exercise. Ingredients used for these formulas were selected among most effective dietary supplements originated from plants and animals tested previous years. Male Sprague- Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of eight groups(n=16); sedentary control group(SC), exercised control group(EC), exercised formula A supplemented group(EA), and exercised formula B supplemented group(EB). Rats were fed experimental diets supplemented with formula A or B at the level of 46.5 g/kg. Rats of exercised group performed exercise training for 4 weeks in a rodent treadmill. Rats raised on each experimental diet for 4 weeks had been randomly divided into two groups, and underwent exercise loading test until exhausted(Part I)(n=8) or exercise loading test for 1 h(Part II)(n=8) on a treadmill. EC rats(108±8 min) ran significantly longer than the SC rats(39±5 min) until exhausted(p<0.01), and EA or EB rats ran 19% or 20% longer than EC rats, respectively. Serum ammonia and lactate concentrations measured immediately following the exercise loading test until exhaustion were not significantly different among groups. Serum creatine kinase activity was significantly higher in EA rats(p<0.05) than in EC rats. Muscle lactate dehydrogenase activity was significantly higher in formula A or B rats compared to EC rats(p<0.01). Following the 1 h running workout(Part II), serum ammonia concentration was significantly higher in EA rats compared to EC rats(p<0.05). Muscle glycogen concentration following a 1 h running test was not significantly different among groups. Muscle citrate synthase activity was significantly higher in EA rats(p<0.05) than in EC rats. These results indicate that both formula A and B appear to be effective in enhancing endurance exercise performance of trained rats.
This is the result of the first human study. There was no significant difference in the exercise performance whether taking Gaesoju or not(p>0.05). In case of Gaesoju supplementation group, there was no significant difference in exercise performance time before and after the complex ergogenic aids supplementation(p>0.05), but the time with supplementation showed an increase of 88 seconds in comparison with pre-supplementation. In case of control group, the exercise performance time was similar regardless of supplementation, there was no significant difference in that(p>0.05). In blood fatigue factors, only Ammonia concentration showed significant difference between the resting period and the end of exercise, the end of exercise and the period of 30 minutes recovery(p<0.05), there was no significant difference in lactate, ammonia, phosphate, pH, and 5-HT(p>0.05). Consequently, taking Gaesoju has little effect on exercise performance and fatigue factors.
Analysis exercise performance and blood fatigue factors before and after the complex ergogenic aids supplementation showed following result. First, there was significant difference in the exercise performance time(p<0.05). After taking the complex ergogenic aids, the time was increased 10.7%. Second, there was no significant difference in the level of fatigue factors(lactate, ammonia, phosphate, pH, 5-HT) in blood. These result are saying that Although the period time was increased 10.7%, the level of fatigue factors in blood has no significant decrease in two test. These result show that the complex ergogenic aids supplementation may decrease accumulation of blood fatigue factors in sub-maximal intensity. Therefore, this study showed that the complex ergogenic aids supplementation created by Korea Food Research Institute have an effect on enhancing endurance exercise performance and delaying fatigue in sub-maximal intensity.

목차 Contents

• 제출문 ... 1
• 요약문 ... 2
• SUMMARY ... 13
• CONTENTS ... 25
• 목 차 ... 29
• 제1장 식물체 추출물이 마우스의 운동수행 능력에 미치는 영향: 복분자, 향부자, 오가피, 삼백초, 음양곽 및 어성초의 효과 비교 ... 32
• 제1절 서론 ... 32
• 제2절 재료 및 방법 ... 34
• 제3절 결과 및 고찰 ... 37
• 제4절 참고문헌 ... 45
• 제2장 식물체 추출물이 마우스의 운동수행 능력에 미치는 영향: 밀리타리스 동충하초, 눈꽃 동충하초, 상황버섯, 영지버섯, 홍삼 및 잎새버섯 효과 비교 ... 48
• 제1절 서론 ... 48
• 제2절 재료 및 방법 ... 50
• 제3절 결과 및 고찰 ... 55
• 제4절 참고문헌 ... 61
• 제3장 스쿠알렌, 옥타코사놀 및 중쇄지방 보충식이가 흰쥐의 강제수영능력에 미치는 영향 ... 64
• 제1절 서론 ... 64
• 제2절 재료 및 방법 ... 65
• 제3절 결론 및 고찰 ... 69
• 제4절 참고문헌 ... 79
• 제4장 용봉탕과 생사탕(生蛇湯)이 흰쥐의 강제수영능력에 미치는 영향 ... 81
• 제1절 서론 ... 81
• 제2절 재료 및 방법 ... 83
• 제3절 결과 및 고찰 ... 88
• 제4절 참고문헌 ... 132
• 제5장 자양강장용 기능성 식품이 흰쥐의 강제수영능력에 미치는 영향 ... 135
• 제1절 서론 ... 135
• 제2절 재료 및 방법 ... 137
• 제3절 결과 및 고찰 ... 142
• 제4절 참고문헌 ... 171
• 제6장 삼백초, 오가피 및 향부자 추출물의 지구력운동 수행능력 향상효과 및 작용기작 규명 ... 175
• 제1절 서론 ... 175
• 제2절 재료 및 방법 ... 177
• 제3절 결과 및 고찰 ... 181
• 제4절 참고문헌 ... 202
• 제7장 홍삼, 동충하초 및 기능성 버섯의 지구력운동 수행능력 향상효과 및 작용기작 규명 ... 205
• 제1절 서론 ... 205
• 제2절 재료 및 방법 ... 207
• 제3절 결과 및 고찰 ... 212
• 제4절 참고문헌 ... 228
• 제8장 스쿠알렌, 중쇄지방, 옥타코사놀의 지구력운동 수행능력 향상효과 및 작용기작 규명 ... 231
• 제1절 서론 ... 231
• 제2절 재료 및 방법 ... 233
• 제3절 결과 및 고찰 ... 237
• 제4절 참고문헌 ... 253
• 제9장 용봉탕 및 뱀탕의 지구력운동 수행능력 향상효과 및 작용기작 규명 ... 255
• 제1절 서론 ... 255
• 제2절 재료 및 방법 ... 256
• 제3절 결과 및 고찰 ... 260
• 제4절 참고문헌 ... 272
• 제10장 최종 formulation의 지구력운동 수행능력 향상 효과 및 작용기작 규명 ... 274
• 제1절 서론 ... 274
• 제2절 재료 및 방법 ... 277
• 제3절 결과 및 고찰 ... 283
• 제4절 참고문헌 ... 307
• 제11장 개소주가 운동수행능력에 미치는 효과에 대한 인체시험 ... 312
• 제1절 서론 ... 312
• 제2절 연구 방법 ... 314
• 제3절 연구 결과 ... 317
• 제4절 결론 ... 323
• 제5절 참고문헌 ... 323
• 제12장 복합 기능성보조제 투여가 지구성 운동수행력과 혈중 피로요소에 미치는 효과에 관한 인체시험 ... 326
• 제1절 서론 ... 326
• 제2절 연구 방법 ... 329
• 제3절 연구 결과 및 고찰 ... 332
• 제4절 결론 ... 337
• 제5절 참고문헌 ... 337
• 끝페이지 ... 340