Abstract ▼

Ⅳ. Results
1. Characteristic evaluation, occurrence analysis and risk assessment of burcucumbers
- Germination was successional from late April to mid-September and flowers showed the characteristic of indefinite inflorescence and came out from late August to mid-October by day length
- Bot

Ⅳ. Results
1. Characteristic evaluation, occurrence analysis and risk assessment of burcucumbers
- Germination was successional from late April to mid-September and flowers showed the characteristic of indefinite inflorescence and came out from late August to mid-October by day length
- Both occurrence amount and distribution area of burcucumbers have been increased as compared with 2011 that the project has been started. They have shown outbreaks near the stream (40%) and distributed near the streets (27%), vacant lands (21%), farmlands (12%) and so on.
- Vegetation community including burcucumbers showed lower biodiversity of 1.5-2 folds than control
- Nitrogen in soil showed higher content of 1.3-4 folds than control
2. Physiological and ecological research of burcucumbers
- Germination and growth of burcucumbers were degraded in excess moisture condition and these results were corresponded with their common distribution in dry condition of slope (soil moisture around 10%)
- Germination was not related with shading. the initial growth stage was the best in shading of 60% and growth inhibition was taken place in shading of 80% compared with no-shading
- Growth inhibition was observed in mulching with ryes of 3cm
- Germination and growth were inhibited at pH 4 and growth was the best at pH 7
3. Physical control of burcucumbers
- Optimal time for physical control is from early september to mid-october according to germination physiology, flowering and fruitage and twice ofphysical control is the most effective during this period
- Burcucumber seeds of 700-1300 numbers/㎡ were distributed in soil. These seeds were dissipated over 9 years but their life span was estimated about 2-6 years in soil. So, control of them should be conducted over maximum 6 years if they are occurred
- Mulching with 2mm mesh was effective to control burcucumber and inhibited occurrence of them over 98%
4. Chemical control of burcucumbers
- D-limonene and pelargonic acid were selected as final candidates after analysis of various candidates such as an acetic acid
- D-limonene needed high concentration to remove burcucumbers and this result was a disadvantage in economical department
- Pelargonic acid showed effects on them at lower concentration (2%) and risk assessment was also low on environment and body. So, pelargonic acid was suitable for chemical control
- There was a synergistic effect of pelargonic acid and NaCl mixtures. Using this mixtures, pelargonic acid content could be decreased and economical feasibility could be increased
5. Biological control of burcucumbers
- Cercospora citrullina, Pseudocercospora cantuariensis, Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum were separated and identified in Korea and effects of these 3 species as pathogens on burcucumber were presented at first time
- if the host specificity of causative fungus is identified and effects of them are showed as seed infection, it will be effective for selective control against ecological disturbance plants
- Typical symptoms of disease were observed at the injections using the fungus suspension but it is difficult to apply for biological control yet
6. Biomass utilization of burcucumbers
- Seven flavonoids were seperated form burcucumber at first time
- Large-scale extraction method of shikimic acid (material of Tamiflu) was developed using microwave and there was a patent applicaton of the extraction method
- Growth of lettuce seedling increased 17% compared with control after treatment of compost made by burcucumber biomass and there was no damage on crops
7. Building of the total management system
- In the applicable area of eco-friendly mats, selective occurrences of burcuccumbers was dramatically decreased (98%) and it was possible to grow for other plants. Therefore, it will be possible to control them effectively by 2-3 times of simple elimination per year
- If it is possible to use chemical control in the unusable area of eco-friendly mats, at least twice of chemical treatments are needed during the period including early September or mid-October
- In the unusable area of eco-friendly mats and chemical controls, physical control is needed during the period including early September or mid-October. Because frequent remove encourage growth of burcucumbers, it is desirable to maintain the exiting vegetation