보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
한국농촌경제연구원 Korea Rural Economic Institute |
연구책임자 |
김병률
|
참여연구자 |
전창곤
,
박성진
,
채상현
|
보고서유형 | 연차보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2016-12 |
주관부처 |
국무조정실 The Office for Government Policy Coordination |
등록번호 |
TRKO201700008980 |
DB 구축일자 |
2017-10-28
|
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.23000/TRKO201700008980 |
초록
▼
< 요약 및 시사점 > 농산물 산지유통체계 국제비교와 시사점
○ 우리나라의 공동판매 비율이 유럽이나 일본에 비해 낮은 이유는 역사적으로 볼 때 농가들이 공동판매에 제도적 또는 의무적으로 참여할 수 있도록 유인하는 시스템이 부족했기 때문임.
○ 일본의 정교하고 발전된 공동계산제 방식을 적극적으로 도입하여 다양한 농가의 수요를 반영하고, 가급적 생산자조직의 공동판매체제에 농민들을 적극 유인할 필요가 있음.
○ 영세한 지역농협 단위의 공동판매를 지양하고, 전문화·규모화된 연합판매방식의 기업적 마케팅을
< 요약 및 시사점 > 농산물 산지유통체계 국제비교와 시사점
○ 우리나라의 공동판매 비율이 유럽이나 일본에 비해 낮은 이유는 역사적으로 볼 때 농가들이 공동판매에 제도적 또는 의무적으로 참여할 수 있도록 유인하는 시스템이 부족했기 때문임.
○ 일본의 정교하고 발전된 공동계산제 방식을 적극적으로 도입하여 다양한 농가의 수요를 반영하고, 가급적 생산자조직의 공동판매체제에 농민들을 적극 유인할 필요가 있음.
○ 영세한 지역농협 단위의 공동판매를 지양하고, 전문화·규모화된 연합판매방식의 기업적 마케팅을 추구해야 함.
○ 산지출하조직의 소비지시장 출하는 출하 집중화를 통해 거래교섭력을 발휘해야 하며, 생산자조직에 유리한 예약거래, 예약출하 등 거래가격과 거래물량이 안정적인 거래방식을 추구해야 함.
○ 유럽 협동조합의 기업적 방식을 벤치마킹하여 규모 있고, 전문화된 기업적 상품화와 브랜드화, 마케팅 전략을 수립해야 함.
○ 농산물 직거래는 가격, 품질 측면에서 농업인과 소비자의 편익 증진 이외에도 도농상생, 지역농업 발전, 생산자와 소비자 교류 촉진, 고령·영세소농의 판로확보 등에 초점을 맞춘 정책 추진이 바람직함.
( 출처 : 요약 8p )
Abstract
▼
Result and Implications
Korean distribution channels for agricultural products are composed of cooperatives in production areas, marketing by local distributors, wholesale markets oriented distribution, and large-scale distributors. Distribution channels for agricultural products in each coun
Result and Implications
Korean distribution channels for agricultural products are composed of cooperatives in production areas, marketing by local distributors, wholesale markets oriented distribution, and large-scale distributors. Distribution channels for agricultural products in each country are compared and described below in terms of their structure, local marketing systems and historical background.
In Japan, while the distribution of agricultural products is centered around wholesale markets, its structure includes organizations for local marketing and wholesale markets as an organization for collecting and distributing a large volume of agricultural products for consumers to respond to the demand for agricultural products from urban areas since the Japanese imperial period. China laid emphasis on the industrialization policy of agriculture for increasing production through the ‘Chaeramja Process’(vegetable cart project) in the production sector, and supporting leading enterprises effectively to collect and distribute products of small-scale farmers in the distribution sector; and policies for constructing nationwide wholesale markets. The effort of China results in a great success in a short term.
Distribution of agricultural products in Europe is essentially based on the cooperative movement, and marketing is unified by the cooperatives to enhance transaction negotiation against middlemen’s mighty power. This system still works. Because distribution of fruits and vegetables in the US is based on large-scale farmers, quite different from Korea, Japan, China, and even European countries, local distribution centered around cooperatives is thus relatively not great, and private distributors are local distributors.
Comparison of joint marketing and joint calculation methods by producer organizations shows cooperatives just collect and market agricultural products in the wholesale markets under the name of the farmers as producers in most cases while joint marketing through the cooperatives accounts for 50% in Korea. Payment is made on an individual farmer basis, not through the joint calculation, implying limited application of a true joint marketing system. In comparison, Japan has performed joint sorting and joint calculation since the 1950s and 1960s. Moreover, more than 80 and 90% of farmers carry out joint marketing through cooperatives to have strong influence, that is, transactions negotiation capability with wholesale dealers and large-scale distributors near to consumers. In Europe, vegetables are sold to middlemen through auctions in the unified marketing channel of local cooperatives. For fruits, they employ specialized marketing strategies of large scale through cooperative enterprises, to implement strong negotiation capability and economies of scale. The reason for lower share of joint marketing in Korea than European countries or Japan is because there has not been a good system for encouraging farmers to participate in joint marketing through regulations or on a compulsory basis by the government.
Therefore, it is necessary positively to employ the refined and advanced joint calculation scheme of Japan to reflect the demand from various farmers and encourage them to participate in the joint marketing system by pro ducer’s organizations. Furthermore, it is also necessary not to adopt joint marketing based on small-scale local Nonghyup, and seek specialized and large enterprise-scale marketing of union-type selling.
The comparison of marketing systems for selling agricultural products to consumers by the marketing organizations in producing areas shows joint marketing led by cooperatives is centered mainly around wholesale markets in Japan. While selling agricultural products to consumers in areas centered around wholesale markets can enhance negotiation capability through unified marketing, another advantage includes fast and safe payment, easy administration process, marketing the whole volume desired by farmers, and easiness to secure sales channels in the case of excessive production.
Meanwhile, in Korea, local producer organizations supply their products to large-scale retail buyers as individual vendors according to the strategy for purchasing agricultural products by large-scale retail distributors to result in significantly lower capability of transactions negotiation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a joint sales system for ensuring the capability of transactions negotiations. In particular, it is also necessary to ensure the capability of transactions negotiations through centralized marketing, and seek a transaction method to guarantee stable transaction prices and transaction volume, for example, reserved transactions and reserved marketing better for producer organizations. Moreover, it is further necessary to benchmark the scheme of enterprise-type European cooperatives to establish a strategy for creating and commercializing brands of specialized large-scale enterprises, and marketing the products.
For direct transactions of agricultural products, Japan has implemented various strategies for vitalizing local economy and increasing farmer’s income to have multi-dimensional aims including Jisanjiso, Local Food and vitalized agri-tourism. The US government also positively supports direct transactions of agricultural products through regulations and policies from the perspective of distribution of agricultural products, rural development and food support for vulnerable people. Direct transactions of agricultural products in the US and European countries have developed to further expand the sales channels for small-scale farmers, which can be hardly addressed just with distribution for mainstream farmers, vitalize local economy, promote exchange between rural and urban areas, and ensure accessi bility of consumers to healthy food. It is better to implement direct transactions of agricultural products focusing on mutual benefits between rural and urban areas, development of local agriculture, promotion of exchange between producers and consumers, ensuring sales channels for aging and small-scale farmers in addition to increasing benefits of farmers and consumers in terms of prices and quality.
( 출처 : Abstracts 10p )
목차 Contents
- 표지 ... 1
- 머리말 ... 2
- 요약 ... 4
- ABSTRACT ... 9
- 목차 ... 14
- 표목차 ... 16
- 그림목차 ... 18
- 제1장 서 론 ... 20
- 1. 연구의 필요성과 목적 ... 20
- 2. 선행연구 검토 ... 26
- 3. 연구 내용과 방법 ... 33
- 제2장 국내 농산물 유통정책 현황과 평가 ... 36
- 1. 유통정책의 역사적 흐름 ... 36
- 2. 주요 유통정책에 대한 종합 평가 ... 43
- 제3장 농산물 유통경로구조와 산지유통체계 ... 48
- 1. 일본의 유통경로구조와 산지유통체계 ... 48
- 2. 중국의 유통경로구조와 산지유통체계 ... 55
- 3. 유럽의 농산물 유통경로구조와 산지출하체계 ... 62
- 4. 미국의 유통경로구조와 산지유통체계 ... 73
- 5. 농산물 유통경로구조 국제비교 및 시사점 ... 76
- 제4장 생산자조직의 공동판매 및 공동계산시스템 ... 84
- 1. 일본의 협동조합 공동판매 및 공동계산시스템 ... 84
- 2. 중국의 생산자조직 공동판매 ... 87
- 3. 유럽의 협동조합 공동판매: 협동조합기업, 산지경매시스템 ... 90
- 4. 미국의 원예협동조합 공동판매 및 공동계산시스템 ... 102
- 5. 국제비교와 시사점 ... 107
- 제5장 생산자조직의 소비지시장 출하체계와 거래방식 비교 ... 114
- 1. 일본 협동조합의 소비지시장 출하체계와 거래방식 ... 114
- 2. 중국 산지유통조직의 소비지시장 출하체계와 거래방식 ... 118
- 3. 유럽 협동조합의 소비지시장 출하와 거래방식 ... 121
- 4. 미국 협동조합의 소비지시장 출하와 거래방식 ... 122
- 5. 국제비교와 시사점 ... 123
- 제6장 농산물 생산자-소비자 직거래유통 비교 ... 128
- 1. 일본의 농산물 직거래 ... 128
- 2. 중국의 농산물 직거래 ... 130
- 3. 유럽의 농산물 직거래 ... 132
- 4. 미국의 농산물 직거래 ... 138
- 5. 농산물 직거래 국제비교 및 시사점 ... 146
- 제7장 농산물 산지유통체계 국제비교와 시사점 ... 150
- 1. 농산물 유통경로구조 국제비교와 시사점 ... 150
- 2. 생산자조직 공동출하, 공동계산 국제비교와 시사점 ... 153
- 3. 산지출하조직의 소비지시장 출하체계와 거래방식 국제비교와 시사점 ... 156
- 4. 농산물 생산자-소비자 직거래 국제비교와 시사점 ... 157
- 5. 한·일 농산물 유통마진 비교 ... 159
- 부록 일본의 청과물 유통단계별 유통마진 ... 162
- 참고문헌 ... 164
- 끝페이지 ... 173
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.