초록 ▼

I. 서 론
산업이 발전하고 고도화됨에 따라 다양한 종류의 화학물질이 환경으로 배출되고 있다. 국내에서 4만종 이상의 수많은 화학물질들이 실생활에 사용되고 있으며, 매년 수치가 증가하고 있다1. U.S. EPA는 1990년대 중반 물환경에서 문제를 일으키는 물질을 신규 오염물질로 지정하여 관리하고 있다.

그 중 잔류의약물질은 사람 및 동물의 질병치료, 농·축산업의 성장촉진 및 면역력 향상, 화장품 및 향균제 등 개인 위생관리를 목적으로 활용되는 모든 화합물을 일컫는다. 잔류의약물질은 3,000 여종 이상이 유통되고

I. 서 론
산업이 발전하고 고도화됨에 따라 다양한 종류의 화학물질이 환경으로 배출되고 있다. 국내에서 4만종 이상의 수많은 화학물질들이 실생활에 사용되고 있으며, 매년 수치가 증가하고 있다1. U.S. EPA는 1990년대 중반 물환경에서 문제를 일으키는 물질을 신규 오염물질로 지정하여 관리하고 있다.

그 중 잔류의약물질은 사람 및 동물의 질병치료, 농·축산업의 성장촉진 및 면역력 향상, 화장품 및 향균제 등 개인 위생관리를 목적으로 활용되는 모든 화합물을 일컫는다. 잔류의약물질은 3,000 여종 이상이 유통되고 있고 용도별로 24개로 세분화되어 있으며, 항생제와 비스테로이드 항염증제(Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs)가 가장 일반적으로 사용되고 있다.

(출처 : 본문 I. 서론 11p)

Abstract ▼

Micropollutants (MPs) are widely detected in the water environment due to rapid urbanization and their global consumption. Since effluent from a public sewage treatment work (PSTW) is considered as the main source of MPs, it is important to perform monitoring on discharges and develop management mea

Micropollutants (MPs) are widely detected in the water environment due to rapid urbanization and their global consumption. Since effluent from a public sewage treatment work (PSTW) is considered as the main source of MPs, it is important to perform monitoring on discharges and develop management measures in PSTWs. In this study, analytical methods were developed and validated for the determination of MPs in the liquid and solid phases. Concentrations and removal efficiencies in different units of various PSTWs were investigated. Also, based on monitoring the entire process and calculating mass balances, this study provides an insight into effective management measures of MPs in PSTWs

27 MPs such as a stimulant, antibiotics, analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents were selected as the target. Good linearity for MPs was obtained by a correlation coefficient>0.99. The recoveries of MPs for liquid samples were 91.5-116.8% for the low quality control (LQ), 90.8-117.2% for the medium quality control (MQ), and 91.3-111.1% for the high quality control (HQ). The recoveries of MPs for solid samples were 61.3-120.6% for LQ, 67.2-119.3% for MQ, and 64.0%-137.2% for HQ, with a good precision (<10%). The accuracy and precision were comparable or better than those reported by previous studies, as a result the proposed methodology were considered to be suitable for target compound determination in PSTWs.

The concentrations of MPs in 4 PSTWs were investigated. Influent concentrations were N.D.-38,743 ng/L in PSTW-A, N.D.-47,561 ng/L in PSTW-B, N.D.-34,001 ng/L in PSTW-C, and N.D.- 52,189 ng/L in PSTW-D. Effluent concentrations were N.D.-2,667 ng/L in PSTW-A, N.D.-4,560 ng/L in PSTW-B, N.D.-2,570 ng/L in PSTW-C, and N.D.-1,473 ng/L in PSTW-D. Caffeine, Acetylsalicylic acid, Acetaminophen, Cimetidine, and Naproxen were efficiently removed in all PSTWs, with the removal efficiency of 96-100%, but some MPs such as Diphenhydramine, Diclofenac, and Trimethoprim were not eliminated regardless of treatment processes.

From the comparative evaluation based on mass balance calculations, biodegradation played a key role in removing highly eliminated compounds in PSTWs. Sorption onto sludge was responsible for the removal of some compounds such as Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, and Roxithromycin. However, there were no clear relations between the removal efficiency and physicochemical characteristics of target compounds.

Among the studied PSTWs, PSTW-A using the MBR process showed good performances for the removal of MPs. The high removal efficiency in PSTW-A was caused by the high mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) concentration and the long solids retention time (SRT) usually developed in the MBR process. Microbial activity and diversity is expected to increase in PSTW-A because MLSS concentration of PSTW-A was two times higher than that of other PSTWs. Some MPs in PSTWs can be removed efficiently under the surveyed operating conditions. Accordingly, we need to consider the removal of MPs in connection with operating conditions in PSTWs, in order to decrease emission of MPs from PSTWs. Recent studies have focused on selecting indicator compounds in PSTWs on the basis of various factors, such as removal rate, detection ratio, and detection frequency. In this regard, the approach using indicator compounds will allow for more effective ways for controlling MPs in future management measures in PSTWs.

(출처 : Abstract 8p)

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 목차 ... 3
• 표목차 ... 5
• 그림목차 ... 6
• Abstract ... 8
• Ⅰ. 서 론 ... 11
• Ⅱ. 연구내용 및 방법 ... 13
• 1. 연구동향 ... 13
• 가. 하수처리시설 미량오염물질 감시항목 및 관리체계 ... 13
• 나. 국내‧외 하‧폐수처리시설 미량오염물질 검출현황 및 물질수지 분석 사례조사 ... 14
• 2. 연구 내용 및 방법 ... 18
• 가. 연구내용 ... 18
• 나. 연구방법 ... 18
• Ⅲ. 연구결과 및 고찰 ... 21
• 1. 미량오염물질 분석방법 및 정도관리 제시 ... 21
• 가. 액상시료 회수율 평가 및 정도관리 제시 ... 21
• 나. 고상시료 분석방법 확립 및 정도관리 제시 ... 21
• 2. 대상 하수처리시설 산업계 배출현황 조사 ... 22
• 3. 하수처리시설 미량오염물질 공정별 거동분석 및 제거효율 평가 ... 24
• 가. 하수처리시설 미량오염물질 농도 분포 및 제거효율 ... 24
• 나. 하수처리시설 미량오염물질 용도별 분포 비교 ... 30
• 4. 하수처리시설 미량오염물질 물질수지 분석 및 제어방안 검토 ... 33
• 가. 미량오염물질 물질수지 분석 ... 33
• 나. 하수처리시설 미량오염물질 제거특성 평가 ... 39
• 다. 하수처리시설별 제거효율 비교 및 제어방안 검토 ... 44
• 라. 하수처리시설 미량오염물질 관리방안 검토 ... 45
• Ⅳ. 결 론 ... 49
• 참 고 문 헌 ... 51
• 부 록 ... 55
• 끝페이지 ... 92