초록 ▼

최종(연차) 목표
◦ 지역고유 지진원 특성을 고려한 Geo-Data 기반 다중 축척 지진재해 대응 기술
◦ 한반도 Geo-Database 구축 및 연계를 통한 정밀 지진분석정보 서비스 기술

개발내용 및 결과
◦ 단층 지진원 모델링 및 배경잡음 상호상관분석을 이용한 강지진동 예측기술 개발
◦ 정밀 지진원 분석을 위한 국내 실제 지역대상 중소규모 이벤트 파형 라이브러리 구축
◦ 신속 지진 피해평가 의사결정을 위한 실용적 계기 진도도 제공 체계 구축
◦ 다중 축척 부지응답정보 구현연계

최종(연차) 목표
◦ 지역고유 지진원 특성을 고려한 Geo-Data 기반 다중 축척 지진재해 대응 기술
◦ 한반도 Geo-Database 구축 및 연계를 통한 정밀 지진분석정보 서비스 기술

개발내용 및 결과
◦ 단층 지진원 모델링 및 배경잡음 상호상관분석을 이용한 강지진동 예측기술 개발
◦ 정밀 지진원 분석을 위한 국내 실제 지역대상 중소규모 이벤트 파형 라이브러리 구축
◦ 신속 지진 피해평가 의사결정을 위한 실용적 계기 진도도 제공 체계 구축
◦ 다중 축척 부지응답정보 구현연계 복합지진지반재해 및 시설물 지진 안전성평가 기술 개발
◦ Geo-Data 연계 정밀분석정보 가시화 프로그램 개발
◦ Geo-Data 연계 정밀분석정보 실시간 생산 및 서비스 플랫폼
◦ 업그레이드 자동분석시스템(KEMS) 최적화 및 안정적 운영
◦ 한반도 지진 정밀분석 정보생산 및 제공
◦ 동북아 광역관측망 운영환경 개선 및 안정적 관측자료 획득

기대효과
◦ 국가기간시설의 지진재해 대응 및 국가안보관련 신속정보 제공을 통한 정부부처 정책 결정의 전략적 토대 확보
◦ Geo-Data 연계 다중정밀 분석정보의 지진재해 대응기관의 정책 수립 및 국가시설의 안정적 운영방안 수립의 필수요소 자료로 활용
◦ 융복합 기술을 이용한 지진탐지 기술 향상으로 북핵실험 정밀 감시로 국가안보 정책의 유용정보 제공
◦ Geo-Data 연계 가시화 기술을 통한 지진정보서비스 고도화
◦ 분석시스템 고도화를 통한 24시간 상시 지진감시체계 안정화
◦ 정보제공체계 자동화를 통한 지진분석정보 유관기관 신속 제공

적용분야
◦ 중대규모 지진의 강지진동 모사 자료 기반 지진재해 평가
◦ 주요지진 외 중소규모지진에 대한 정밀분석 능력 배가
◦ 진도도 활용 시설물 맞춤형 지진경보 및 지진방재 전략 수립에 활용
◦ 고정밀 Geo-Data 확보를 통한 복합재해가능성의 신속 의사결정 지원
◦ 정밀분석정보 및 고품질 자료제공을 통한 국가 재난/안보 대응에 활용
◦ 실증적 연구결과물을 이용한 수입 성과 창출
◦ 국민생활 및 사회 안정 기여
◦ 주요지진 외 중소규모지진에 대한 정밀분석 능력 배가
◦ 주요지진의 유사파형이벤트군을 이용한 지진원변수 분석
◦ 국가 안보기관의 지진분석 관련임무에 활용
◦ Geo-Data 연계 정밀분석정보 실시간 생산 및 서비스 플랫폼은 지진정보제공서비스 구축을 위한 요소기술 개발 및 설계에 적용
◦ 업그레이드 자동분석시스템(KEMS)은 상시 지진감시체계를 필요로하는 국가 유관기관에서 활용 가능

(출처 : 요약서 5p)

Abstract ▼

Geo-Data is defined as the surficial topographical data, geological and fault information, land cover data and ground survey data. In particular, Geo-Data was built around the southeastern region where the 2016 earthquake in 2016 and the Pohang earthquake in 2017 occurred. Based on Geo-Data, we have

Geo-Data is defined as the surficial topographical data, geological and fault information, land cover data and ground survey data. In particular, Geo-Data was built around the southeastern region where the 2016 earthquake in 2016 and the Pohang earthquake in 2017 occurred. Based on Geo-Data, we have re-established and advanced precision seismic source analysis technology, strong ground motion simulation technology, magnitude and earthquake motion prediction technology, quantification of site response characteristics and earthquake ground hazard assessment technology.

Strong ground motion data are important resources in assessing and mitigating seismic hazard. Although both Gyeongju and Pohang earthquakes produced high-quality strong motion records, we still suffer from the lack of recorded strong motion data for large earthquakes. In this project, we have developed a basic platform to produce synthetic strong ground motion platforms for large earthquakes, using physics-based ground motion simulation methodology. We first developed finite fault source models for both Gyeongju and Pohang earthquakes by using recorded near-source ground motion data and satellite InSAR data, respectively. We also investigated the strong ground motion characteristics in the Korean Peninsula by analyzing the recorded ground motions from the Gyeongju earthquake. In addition, the sensitivity of near-source ground motion characteristics to input pseudo-dynamic source models were investigated by perturbing both 1-point and 2-point statistics of pseudo-dynamic source models. Finally we adopted the technology of extracting empirical Green’s functions from ambient seismic field in order to cross-validate seismic wave propagation simulation in the Korean Peninsula and constructed a database of empirical Green’s functions whose sources are located in the southeastern Korea.

In addition, we have tried to assess similarity among earthquake records based on waveform cross-correlation. Earthquakes, close together spatially with similar rupture mechanisms, produce similar waveform at a common station. We summarized the procedure to deduce a dendrogram that could represent relationship among waveforms based on waveform similarity. The similarity of waveforms was quantified by the maximum cross-correlation coefficients. The dendrogram was applied to earthquakes analysis and produced the event groups of similar waveforms. In the 2016 Gyeongju earthquake sequence, the defined event groups of similar waveforms showed their own features in both spatial and temporal scales. The event groups of similar waveforms defined in the Pohang earthquake sequence help us to zone the source region and determine the fault planes. We inferred focal mechanisms for the fault planes from the spatial distribution of the similar event groups in addition to the moment tensor solutions. Finally, event pairs of similar waveforms were employed to estimate corner frequencies based on approaches of the empirical Green’s function. The spectral ratio of event pairs was computed and was fitted to theoretical curves. The estimation of corner frequencies using the similar waveform groups can allow us to infer stress drops of earthquakes stably in the subsequent studies.

MMI (Modified Mercalli Intensity) information must be provided quickly and accurately as key information in the decision-making process for recovery in the event of an earthquake disaster. Although instrumental seismic intensity can be used, the relationship between instrumental seismic intensity and MMI reflecting domestic situation is still under study. Recently, a study on MMI intensity using PGA (Peak Ground Acceleration) has been proposed by domestic research. The purpose of this study is to construct and test a system that provides MMI information in the event of an earthquake using the proposed method, site correction filter for KISS (Korea Integrated Seismic System) network station, and distance correction factor for QSCD20. In addition, this study attempted to confirm the applicability in Korea by evaluating the performance of each ground motion attenuation equation proposed in Korea and abroad by using the domestic seismic observation records.

In order to understand the characteristics of earthquake amplification and earthquake ground disasters using Geo-Data, procedures for collecting Geo-Data and analyzing reliability were established. The geological maps and fault line of the entire South Korea, DEM, land cover maps, soil maps, and ground survey datasets were collected in some major areas (large metropolitan cities and earthquake-prone areas). Afterwards, Geo-Data schema and detailed tables were designed through spatial object-oriented database modeling. Geo-Data construction and multi-layer spatial modeling were applied based on the GIS platform. In addition, pre-processing procedures such as quality control and outlier verification of geotechnical survey data were established to utilize geo-data with high reliability.

Spatial grid based on multi-layered layer (geological, topographical, geological, etc.) strategy based on geostatistical spatial modeling for wide-area prediction of earthquake response characteristics in major regions (Seoul-Incheon-Gyeonggido, Gyeongsangbukdo-Ulsan-Busan) was built. The site-specific spatial correlations among the bedrock depth, the site period and the natural frequency, the average shear wave velocity up to 30 m and the soil depth were analyzed. We also defined the slopes, elevations, geological category, land cover and topographic classifications as proxies, the topographic variables of the multi-surface concept, and analyzed the usefulness of each major region, parameter, and site classification. As a result, we proposed the Geo-proxy-based parameter criteria according to the ground classification system of NEHRP (2002) and current seismic design common application (2017). Based on the optimized design of artificial neural networks, the multi-dimensional (two-dimensional and three-dimensional) spatial grid construction framework for quantitative evaluation of site response characteristics and the potential of earthquake-induced geohazard was promoted.

Many institutes provide earthquake information and it generally contains epicenter, depth, magnitudes and seismogram. Even though geographic information like DEM, fault lines, geological map or the like could be useful information for user to infer seismic characteristics, it is not easy to provide them integrated with earthquake formation in real-time. Through this project, the visualization technology is developed to provide earthquake information integrated with Geo-Data. Earthquake information integrated with Geo-Data is generated by this technology and it can be provided through web-based information service in real-time by linking with KEMS.
KEMS is the Earthquake Monitoring System of KIGAM and has been operated on Sun Solaris system since 1998. Through this project, a new version of KEMS is implemented to replace the current KEMS and take over the mission of monitoring seismic activities in and around the Korean Peninsula for 24 hours a day. A new KEMS is operated on the latest Linux and is implemented based on the latest EMS version of CTBTO IDC.

KIGAM operates 52 single seismic stations and 9 array seismic network in Republic of Korea during 2017-2019 which has received ratio is average 99% and 98%, respectively.
Its internal co-operation station in China, Russia get average 95% in the same period.
KEMS detects 51,035 automatic seismic events and our special analysts review 11,400 events in the world. Region of interest is located between latitude (°N) 22°–132° and longitude (°E) 122°–132° which reviewed total 8,122 events. Magnitude of almost 84% events vary between 0.1 ~ 2.0 and the depth estimates less than 1 km. These events are contain not only natural earthquake but also a lot of explosions on the Korean Peninsula.
KEMS detects 6th North Korea’s nuclear test on 3 September 2017, the collapse and 18 induced earthquakes occur near the sixth test site. Discriminant of ratio is 95% using infrasound analysis and method of ratio between seismic phases where occur in North Korea region and magnitude is over 2.0. Aftershocks of the Pohang earthquake in 2017 estimate over 2,000 events and analyze focal mechanism which 29 events of over magnitude 2.0. The focal mechanism solutions of these events are analyzed mainly strike-slip fault (NE-SW) and reverse-strike-slip.

(출처 : SUMMARY 11p)

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제 출 문 ... 3
• 최종(연차)보고서 요약서 ... 5
• 요 약 문 ... 7
• S U M M A R Y ... 11
• CONTENTS ... 15
• 목차 ... 16
• 제 1 장 연구개발 과제의 개요 ... 21
• 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 27
• 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 33
• 제 1 절 Geo-Data 통합 기반 다중 축척 지진재해 대응 시스템 ... 33
• 1. 한반도 지역고유 특성을 고려한 강지진동 모사 기반 구축 ... 33
• 2. 지역별 유사파형이벤트군 분석 및 활용 ... 71
• 3. KISS2G 기반 속성별 진도도 표출 기술 ... 118
• 4. 한반도 주요권역 다중 축척 지진지반재해 공간정보 시스템 ... 130
• 제 2 절 Geo-Data 연계 지진분석 정보 생산 및 통합제공 요소기술 개발 ... 202
• 1. Geo-Data 연계 정밀분석정보 서비스 플랫폼 구축 ... 202
• 2. 업그레이드 자동분석시스템(KEMS) 최적화 및 안정적 운영 ... 216
• 3. 한반도 지진 정밀분석 정보생산 및 제공 ... 224
• 4. 동북아 광역관측망 운영환경 개선 및 안정적 관측자료 획득 ... 287
• 제 4 장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 319
• 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 323
• 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 325
• 제 7 장 참고문헌 ... 327
• 끝페이지 ... 337