This paper investigates the change in the late Joseon fortress system and Cheong Yagyong’s ideas on the model fortification technique. As such, the aim of this paper is to clarify Cheong Yagyong’s opinion on fortress system. Fortification of Joseon dynasty began to change after the Imjin War(1592~1598) due to combat experiences and the influence of Ming and Japanese fortress systems. In addition, the structure of a fortress became lower and thicker due to advancement in weaponry using gunpowder. Through such defensive facilities as hocham(moat), chiseong(bastion), and poru(firing bastion), the ability to defend a fortress increased. Bricks and earth, as opposed to existing stone material, were explored as materials for constructing a fortress. Cheong Yagyong chose improved fortification technique to construct Hwaseong Fortress(華城). His essay on fortification models, “Seongseol”(城說), contains the essence of his opinion about the model fortification technique in late 18th century. The appearance of Western warships equipped with big guns on the coast of Joseon in early 19th century required urgent measures to counter them. Therefore, Cheong Yagyong insisted on building fortresses with bricks or earth and to equip them with guns to increase the ability to defend and attack. His opinions are written in Minboui(民堡議, An Essay on the Civil Defense System) and Sangtoji (桑土誌).
This paper investigates the change in the late Joseon fortress system and Cheong Yagyong’s ideas on the model fortification technique. As such, the aim of this paper is to clarify Cheong Yagyong’s opinion on fortress system. Fortification of Joseon dynasty began to change after the Imjin War(1592~1598) due to combat experiences and the influence of Ming and Japanese fortress systems. In addition, the structure of a fortress became lower and thicker due to advancement in weaponry using gunpowder. Through such defensive facilities as hocham(moat), chiseong(bastion), and poru(firing bastion), the ability to defend a fortress increased. Bricks and earth, as opposed to existing stone material, were explored as materials for constructing a fortress. Cheong Yagyong chose improved fortification technique to construct Hwaseong Fortress(華城). His essay on fortification models, “Seongseol”(城說), contains the essence of his opinion about the model fortification technique in late 18th century. The appearance of Western warships equipped with big guns on the coast of Joseon in early 19th century required urgent measures to counter them. Therefore, Cheong Yagyong insisted on building fortresses with bricks or earth and to equip them with guns to increase the ability to defend and attack. His opinions are written in Minboui(民堡議, An Essay on the Civil Defense System) and Sangtoji (桑土誌).
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