These days, directional layout is one of the most important problems for apartment block planning in Korea. The fact is that block planning has been usually built in southern exposure layout in apartments, which occupy 85% among the total housing construction works. As a southern exposure layout of ...
These days, directional layout is one of the most important problems for apartment block planning in Korea. The fact is that block planning has been usually built in southern exposure layout in apartments, which occupy 85% among the total housing construction works. As a southern exposure layout of apartment block planning is considered as a governing principle, uniformity of apartment housing development becomes a prominent figure. In spite of the adverse criticism of uniformity caused by a southern exposure layout, it is true that a southern exposure dwelling house is very good for the natural lighting and ventilation. However, a southern exposure layout in block planning causes uniform planning and a simple scene; and uniformity of block planning and outdoor life. In addition, block planning has been built in direct access type and side corridor type, which can guarantee a southern exposure sunshine, and it remains a scene worsening as a concrete barrier of a city and district. Of course, there was positive trial to avoid standardized planning, and satisfy the side of city view by planning middle corridor type, core type, and inside court to correspond with direct access type, and side corridor type; however, it didn't make progress as compared with planning. This is not because housing block has the problems, which are infringement of privacy, ventilation, and so on, but because it is placed at a disadvantage for a southern exposure layout. In 1990, as competition of the commodity market between private businessmen concerned lasts due to stability basis of dwelling house market, dwelling house consciousness of residents has been changed from satisfaction of simple ownership to satisfaction of quality, even to a concept of living place. Like this, the change of desire about environment of dwelling house requires not only anti-southern exposure layout according to environmental characteristic, getting out of a uniform southern exposure layout and simple planning, but also characteristic and differentiated site plan Until now, many studies have focused on the form of ground site space, and improvement of scene as one of the design point rather than careful consideration about the space of daily life, and approached systematic and economic side. However, this seems to be get out of substantial access. We have to approach in the natural, cultural and environmental side to understand the reason why Koreans like a southern exposure layout, and the problem of uniformity. In order to approach essentially about these kinds of problems, this study will; first, reveal original cause and problem of the reason why Koreans like a southern exposure layout in the natural, cultural, social, and economic side, which are Korean original environmental characteristic; second, suggest desirable improved plans about uniform directional layout in apartment block planning. According to environmental characteristic, a study result to suggest an improved plan for apartment block planning that accept time change and change of style of living is as follows: 1) A southern exposure layout is caused by not only climatic and sunshine characteristic in the natural and environmental side but also traditional life style, housing lot, floor area ratio, construction law, advanced allotment and so on in the cultural and environmental side. 2) This kind of form of living residence has problems like ground site layout, apartment block planning in the planned side, and origination of permanent shadow and shade, unit planning in the systematic side. 3) An improved plan for apartment block planning in Korea ,concentrating on the problem of the uniform southern exposure layout is as follows: ① An improved plan for the planned side: Master Architect method, Commissioner method, Business Planning Mediation Committee method, and Coordinator method that can surmount view and uniformity of ground site, and a winding plane. These things are good methods that can avoid uniform block planning, and can guarantee right of sunshine that value directional layout with adequate vista, pitch of building, sunshine and natural lighting. ② An improved plan for the systematic side: Control of pitch of building and building coverage, and graduated application of pitch of building, and improvement of rule of green area and outdoor space among the related law of dwelling house area that was operated now. Dwelling house construction promotion law should be restricted within qualification of dwelling house construction businessmen, and finance supporting; and should be considered to be unitary as a construction law; and we should abolish details about planning in this law. Advanced allotment of apartment should be improved in the side of uniformity and in almost every side of dwelling house. ③ An improved plan for the technical side: Construction of up-to-date apartment that can lead diverse block planning. Most recent apartment can surmount disadvantage of a anti-southern exposure layout by controling automatically due to up-to-date equipment of ventilation, and air-conditioning and heating system. Using solar heat has a very good effect on lighting and heating system, and natural solar heat equipment by using mirror guarantees over 400Ix, and it is very useful to have a lot of duration of sunshine. Supplement about problems through solar radiation control, which is strong in the morning and evening of eastern and western exposure; and heating load decreased by controling coefficient of heat transmission can be also very good plan. I think that direction of building only should not be decided by demand that requires beautiful, pleasant, and characteristic space of dwelling house in the simple functional satisfaction side.
These days, directional layout is one of the most important problems for apartment block planning in Korea. The fact is that block planning has been usually built in southern exposure layout in apartments, which occupy 85% among the total housing construction works. As a southern exposure layout of apartment block planning is considered as a governing principle, uniformity of apartment housing development becomes a prominent figure. In spite of the adverse criticism of uniformity caused by a southern exposure layout, it is true that a southern exposure dwelling house is very good for the natural lighting and ventilation. However, a southern exposure layout in block planning causes uniform planning and a simple scene; and uniformity of block planning and outdoor life. In addition, block planning has been built in direct access type and side corridor type, which can guarantee a southern exposure sunshine, and it remains a scene worsening as a concrete barrier of a city and district. Of course, there was positive trial to avoid standardized planning, and satisfy the side of city view by planning middle corridor type, core type, and inside court to correspond with direct access type, and side corridor type; however, it didn't make progress as compared with planning. This is not because housing block has the problems, which are infringement of privacy, ventilation, and so on, but because it is placed at a disadvantage for a southern exposure layout. In 1990, as competition of the commodity market between private businessmen concerned lasts due to stability basis of dwelling house market, dwelling house consciousness of residents has been changed from satisfaction of simple ownership to satisfaction of quality, even to a concept of living place. Like this, the change of desire about environment of dwelling house requires not only anti-southern exposure layout according to environmental characteristic, getting out of a uniform southern exposure layout and simple planning, but also characteristic and differentiated site plan Until now, many studies have focused on the form of ground site space, and improvement of scene as one of the design point rather than careful consideration about the space of daily life, and approached systematic and economic side. However, this seems to be get out of substantial access. We have to approach in the natural, cultural and environmental side to understand the reason why Koreans like a southern exposure layout, and the problem of uniformity. In order to approach essentially about these kinds of problems, this study will; first, reveal original cause and problem of the reason why Koreans like a southern exposure layout in the natural, cultural, social, and economic side, which are Korean original environmental characteristic; second, suggest desirable improved plans about uniform directional layout in apartment block planning. According to environmental characteristic, a study result to suggest an improved plan for apartment block planning that accept time change and change of style of living is as follows: 1) A southern exposure layout is caused by not only climatic and sunshine characteristic in the natural and environmental side but also traditional life style, housing lot, floor area ratio, construction law, advanced allotment and so on in the cultural and environmental side. 2) This kind of form of living residence has problems like ground site layout, apartment block planning in the planned side, and origination of permanent shadow and shade, unit planning in the systematic side. 3) An improved plan for apartment block planning in Korea ,concentrating on the problem of the uniform southern exposure layout is as follows: ① An improved plan for the planned side: Master Architect method, Commissioner method, Business Planning Mediation Committee method, and Coordinator method that can surmount view and uniformity of ground site, and a winding plane. These things are good methods that can avoid uniform block planning, and can guarantee right of sunshine that value directional layout with adequate vista, pitch of building, sunshine and natural lighting. ② An improved plan for the systematic side: Control of pitch of building and building coverage, and graduated application of pitch of building, and improvement of rule of green area and outdoor space among the related law of dwelling house area that was operated now. Dwelling house construction promotion law should be restricted within qualification of dwelling house construction businessmen, and finance supporting; and should be considered to be unitary as a construction law; and we should abolish details about planning in this law. Advanced allotment of apartment should be improved in the side of uniformity and in almost every side of dwelling house. ③ An improved plan for the technical side: Construction of up-to-date apartment that can lead diverse block planning. Most recent apartment can surmount disadvantage of a anti-southern exposure layout by controling automatically due to up-to-date equipment of ventilation, and air-conditioning and heating system. Using solar heat has a very good effect on lighting and heating system, and natural solar heat equipment by using mirror guarantees over 400Ix, and it is very useful to have a lot of duration of sunshine. Supplement about problems through solar radiation control, which is strong in the morning and evening of eastern and western exposure; and heating load decreased by controling coefficient of heat transmission can be also very good plan. I think that direction of building only should not be decided by demand that requires beautiful, pleasant, and characteristic space of dwelling house in the simple functional satisfaction side.
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