Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) is a technique for assessing the environmental aspects and potential impacts associated with a product system, by compiling an inventory of relevant inputs and outputs of a product system from cradle to grave. But there are many unsolved problems. Open loop allocation is o...
Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) is a technique for assessing the environmental aspects and potential impacts associated with a product system, by compiling an inventory of relevant inputs and outputs of a product system from cradle to grave. But there are many unsolved problems. Open loop allocation is one of those problems. In this study, a solution for the open loop allocation method and other disposal method(incineration, composting, landfilling) is proposed. The allocation method proposed in this paper is based on: ① Environmental load coming from a system's activity is imposed on the system; ② Environmental load coming from production process is imposed on the same system; ③ Quality loss is considered during use and recycling stage. That is, environmental load coming from recycling process is imposed on the system, which induces quality loss, in proportion to quality loss rate and the rest is imposed on the next system which uses the recycling material; ④ Recycling is promoted by reducing raw material use and disposal. The merit of proposed method is easy to use, compared to other allocation methods which consider quality loss. Especially, it is practical when open loop recycling system is connected complicately. That is, proposed method is so simple and logical that we can save time and cost. Then, this allocation method is applied to life cycle assessment of EPS. The system of EPS is raw material acquisition, styrene monomer production, polystyrene production, EPS production, use, recycling, and disposal(incineration, landfilling). System boundary contains all of these processes. Functional unit is defined as packaging 5000 units of certain printer(15kg), i.e. the reference flow is 1ton of EPS. Inputs and outputs of EPS system are quantified(life cycle inventory analysis). And the significance of potential environmental impacts using the results of the life cycle inventory analysis is evaluated(life cycle impact assessment). As a result, green house effect is the most dominant impact category. The main emission is CO_(2) which is released at production process by 65% and transportation process by 24%. Methane coming from landfilling process is one of the main reason. The second dominant impact category is acidification which is affected by NO_(x) and SO_(x) from production process. The third dominant impact category is eutrophication which is affected by NO_(x) from production process. Summer smog which is mainly affected by non methane VOC is identified. And there are winter smog, heavy metal, and carcinogenicity too. In waste management, as in other activities, an economic life cycle assessment is an essential part of any overall assessment. It should be done in parallel with an environmental LCA, and the outcomes of the two assessments evaluated together. As a result, incineration(energy recovery), recycling, landfilling, and incineration are preferable in environmental aspects in turn. Recycling, incineration(energy recovery), landfilling, and incineration are preferable in economical aspect in turn. Therefore, different results come out for various scenarios. Giving priority to environmental aspects or economical aspects is dependent on decision-maker.
Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) is a technique for assessing the environmental aspects and potential impacts associated with a product system, by compiling an inventory of relevant inputs and outputs of a product system from cradle to grave. But there are many unsolved problems. Open loop allocation is one of those problems. In this study, a solution for the open loop allocation method and other disposal method(incineration, composting, landfilling) is proposed. The allocation method proposed in this paper is based on: ① Environmental load coming from a system's activity is imposed on the system; ② Environmental load coming from production process is imposed on the same system; ③ Quality loss is considered during use and recycling stage. That is, environmental load coming from recycling process is imposed on the system, which induces quality loss, in proportion to quality loss rate and the rest is imposed on the next system which uses the recycling material; ④ Recycling is promoted by reducing raw material use and disposal. The merit of proposed method is easy to use, compared to other allocation methods which consider quality loss. Especially, it is practical when open loop recycling system is connected complicately. That is, proposed method is so simple and logical that we can save time and cost. Then, this allocation method is applied to life cycle assessment of EPS. The system of EPS is raw material acquisition, styrene monomer production, polystyrene production, EPS production, use, recycling, and disposal(incineration, landfilling). System boundary contains all of these processes. Functional unit is defined as packaging 5000 units of certain printer(15kg), i.e. the reference flow is 1ton of EPS. Inputs and outputs of EPS system are quantified(life cycle inventory analysis). And the significance of potential environmental impacts using the results of the life cycle inventory analysis is evaluated(life cycle impact assessment). As a result, green house effect is the most dominant impact category. The main emission is CO_(2) which is released at production process by 65% and transportation process by 24%. Methane coming from landfilling process is one of the main reason. The second dominant impact category is acidification which is affected by NO_(x) and SO_(x) from production process. The third dominant impact category is eutrophication which is affected by NO_(x) from production process. Summer smog which is mainly affected by non methane VOC is identified. And there are winter smog, heavy metal, and carcinogenicity too. In waste management, as in other activities, an economic life cycle assessment is an essential part of any overall assessment. It should be done in parallel with an environmental LCA, and the outcomes of the two assessments evaluated together. As a result, incineration(energy recovery), recycling, landfilling, and incineration are preferable in environmental aspects in turn. Recycling, incineration(energy recovery), landfilling, and incineration are preferable in economical aspect in turn. Therefore, different results come out for various scenarios. Giving priority to environmental aspects or economical aspects is dependent on decision-maker.
주제어
#전과정평가 Life Cycle Assessment LCA 폐발포폴리스티렌 할당방법론 통합폐기물 공업화학
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.