This study is conducted as a conclusion simply summarizing and arranging of the front thesis. This thesis is tried to research the legend of Kang, Gam-Chan(강감찬) in the way of oral tradition literature. Kang, Gam-Chan is a real person in Korean history, so it's important to investigate his real life. And I intended to study how the person was cogniged and received by the populace who were mainly enjoying folktale through the oral tradition's transmission materials and what was the thoughts of the people who transmitted it. First of all, historical study on Kang, Gam-Chan was researched, divided into the process of his real life and the historical evaluation. Kang, Gam-Chan was born in TopGol(탑골), BongChunLi(봉천리), DongMyun(동면), SiHungGun(시흥군), KyungGi Prov-ince(경기도) and his name in his childhood was EunChun(은천). His great great grandfather was YuChung(여청) and came from SinLa(신라). His father, GungJin(궁진), became SamHanByukSangGongSin(a government post) when TaeCho(태조) was the king of KyoRyu(고려) era. Kang, Gam-Chan was from a noble family, he liked learning from his early childhood and he was very smart. In the December of the second year of SeoungJong(성종) (983), he passed an examination which could be JinSa(a government post). He passed first in the ...
This study is conducted as a conclusion simply summarizing and arranging of the front thesis. This thesis is tried to research the legend of Kang, Gam-Chan(강감찬) in the way of oral tradition literature. Kang, Gam-Chan is a real person in Korean history, so it's important to investigate his real life. And I intended to study how the person was cogniged and received by the populace who were mainly enjoying folktale through the oral tradition's transmission materials and what was the thoughts of the people who transmitted it. First of all, historical study on Kang, Gam-Chan was researched, divided into the process of his real life and the historical evaluation. Kang, Gam-Chan was born in TopGol(탑골), BongChunLi(봉천리), DongMyun(동면), SiHungGun(시흥군), KyungGi Prov-ince(경기도) and his name in his childhood was EunChun(은천). His great great grandfather was YuChung(여청) and came from SinLa(신라). His father, GungJin(궁진), became SamHanByukSangGongSin(a government post) when TaeCho(태조) was the king of KyoRyu(고려) era. Kang, Gam-Chan was from a noble family, he liked learning from his early childhood and he was very smart. In the December of the second year of SeoungJong(성종) (983), he passed an examination which could be JinSa(a government post). He passed first in the civil service examination, ImhunBokSi GabGwa, which was held in YuJun(the yard of a palace), and he entered the government service as a civil official. He was recognized by his personality and ability in his work, he could get a promotion repeatedly and be YeBuSiRang(a government post) at the first year of HyunJong (1010). After that, he successively hold various posts, GukJaJeJu, HanLimHakSaSeungJi, JeungChuWonSa, YiBuSangSuh, SuKyungYuSu, NaeSaSiRangPyungJangSa. When SungJong(성종) of KyuRan(거란) made an invasion at the ninth year of HyunJong(현종) (1018), Kang, Gam-Chan became a SangWonsu(상원수) and made an attack back part of the enemies with two hundred thousand soldiers, so he won great success in GuiJu(귀주). After GuiJuDaeChub(a great victory in GuiJu river), GyuRan couldn't make an attack KyoRyu again. With this exploit, HyunJong(현종) appointed him GyumGyoTaeWhi MunHaSiRang DongNaeSa MunHaPyungJangSa ChunSuHyunGaeGukNam SikYoubSamBaekHo, gave him the pseudonym of MoAnGukGongSin. But Kang, Gam-Chan spent his old age in thrifty and peaceful and passed away in his age of 84, the twenty second year of HyunJong, ie the coronation year of DyukJong(덕종).
DyukJong presented his condolences to Kang, Gam-Chan's death quitting morning meeting for three days, gave him obituary gifts generously and posthumous name of InHyunGong.
After that, Kang, Gam-Chan's ancestral tablet was put at the HyunJong's shrine and MunJong(문종) gave him KyumJungSuhRyung. YulJun(a series of biographies) says Kang Gam Chan refused official position because of his old age and went back to SungnamByulYa, he wrote NakDoGyoGyuJib and GuSunJib there. But all of them were not transmitted.
At KyoRyuSa YulJun(열전) which was completed after his death, he was described as a integrity and upright person. He had no interested in properties and that he had a homely face, he usually wore shabby clothes, so most of people couldn't see him as a high official. But once he went to the Court and came to a conclusion of policies solemnly, politicians were obssessd with his dignity. After Kang, Gam-Chan beated GyuRan at GuiJuDaeChup, KyoRyu became stable in politics and society, and that had a good harvest every year. People in those days thought all of these good things were thanks to Kang, Gam-Chan.
By viewpoint of understanding of oral tradition literature on Kang, Gam-Chan's legend, I understand through this series of process - in the middle of being told as an outstanding strategist, not being selfish, integrity and upright person at the issue of defeating GyuRan at GuiJuDaeChup, adding exaggeration and groundless rumor, historical fact turning into fiction - Kang, Gam-Chan's folktale had the opportunity of the legendary transmission. According to this process, the specific aspect of the legendary transmission represented as follows.
1. birth : In the legend of Kang, Gam-Chan, fictional figuration was from his birth story. Because his birth story played a role of representing persuasively that he had a mysterious ability, that is, Kang, Gam-Chan was figured as a remarkable man having mysterious ability and quality acquired by abnormal birth.
2. growth process : There are eleven legends about smallpox and two legends about small height and training stories. Kang, Gam-Chan was a man of small height, homely face with pits owing to smallpox. And Kang, Gam-Chan was described as a peculiar man of being able to handle the ghost of smallpox at his own will. It would be right that the story about making fun of him by being short was the reflection of people's intimacy rather than acceptance of actual fact. He was also figured as the man with bravery as a warrior and wisdom from his childhood.
3. achievements : A series of stories of doing good when he grew up were included in this part, what is called, activity story. Kang, Gam-Chan's activity story was discriminated into four acts. They are 'breaking others of a bad habit', 'rescuing a person from danger', 'achievement as a governor' and 'getting rid of harmful things'. The contents of 'breaking others of a bad habit' are that he broke his mother-in-law of mistreating him on the ground of his having a homely face with pits and being very short. And Kang, Gam-Chan got rid of his subordinates mistreating with wisdom when he was in the government service. The contents of 'rescuing a person from danger' are that he got rid of goblins turning into bride or bridegroom, rescuing a person from ghost's danger. The contents of 'achievements as a governor' are that when he was in charge of Chief Executive in the village, he solved populace's grievance. The contents of 'getting rid of harmful things' are that he eliminated tiger injuring and troubling people, lower animals like frog, aunt, mosquito and that a thunder with a mysterious ability. These kind of stories functioned as an actual proof of embordiment of Kang, Gam-Chan's heroic figure.
4. death : The most difficult things in reconstruction of his life history was that there were few materials about his death. This would originate from the thoughts of that people didn't want to admit his death itself. The fact being revealed through the understanding of oral tradition literature was that Kang, Gam-Chan's legend had the character of mixed folktales. Even though the common legend's hero has extraordinary ability, he couldn't display his ability, leading to a failure or death at last. But in the case of Kang, Gam-Chan's legend, his birth was incorporated as mythic level through the fact that he was a son his parents gave birth to when they were old, the story that his father was a human and his mother was a fox and a dream of forthcoming conception, so represented mysterious aspect. And Kang, Gam-Chan was made a mythic hero obviously in that he could deal with the ghost of smallpox at his own will or change the order of heaven by breaking a thunder(knife).
For the last time, I understand that transmitting consciousness of tranmitting group is as follows 1. A group of people's expectation about the advent of hero 2. desiring a governor doing good 3. desiring happiness in daily life. And I think this kind of people's consciousness worked as a motive power, therefore Kang, Gam-Chan's legend could transmit until today.
This study is conducted as a conclusion simply summarizing and arranging of the front thesis. This thesis is tried to research the legend of Kang, Gam-Chan(강감찬) in the way of oral tradition literature. Kang, Gam-Chan is a real person in Korean history, so it's important to investigate his real life. And I intended to study how the person was cogniged and received by the populace who were mainly enjoying folktale through the oral tradition's transmission materials and what was the thoughts of the people who transmitted it. First of all, historical study on Kang, Gam-Chan was researched, divided into the process of his real life and the historical evaluation. Kang, Gam-Chan was born in TopGol(탑골), BongChunLi(봉천리), DongMyun(동면), SiHungGun(시흥군), KyungGi Prov-ince(경기도) and his name in his childhood was EunChun(은천). His great great grandfather was YuChung(여청) and came from SinLa(신라). His father, GungJin(궁진), became SamHanByukSangGongSin(a government post) when TaeCho(태조) was the king of KyoRyu(고려) era. Kang, Gam-Chan was from a noble family, he liked learning from his early childhood and he was very smart. In the December of the second year of SeoungJong(성종) (983), he passed an examination which could be JinSa(a government post). He passed first in the civil service examination, ImhunBokSi GabGwa, which was held in YuJun(the yard of a palace), and he entered the government service as a civil official. He was recognized by his personality and ability in his work, he could get a promotion repeatedly and be YeBuSiRang(a government post) at the first year of HyunJong (1010). After that, he successively hold various posts, GukJaJeJu, HanLimHakSaSeungJi, JeungChuWonSa, YiBuSangSuh, SuKyungYuSu, NaeSaSiRangPyungJangSa. When SungJong(성종) of KyuRan(거란) made an invasion at the ninth year of HyunJong(현종) (1018), Kang, Gam-Chan became a SangWonsu(상원수) and made an attack back part of the enemies with two hundred thousand soldiers, so he won great success in GuiJu(귀주). After GuiJuDaeChub(a great victory in GuiJu river), GyuRan couldn't make an attack KyoRyu again. With this exploit, HyunJong(현종) appointed him GyumGyoTaeWhi MunHaSiRang DongNaeSa MunHaPyungJangSa ChunSuHyunGaeGukNam SikYoubSamBaekHo, gave him the pseudonym of MoAnGukGongSin. But Kang, Gam-Chan spent his old age in thrifty and peaceful and passed away in his age of 84, the twenty second year of HyunJong, ie the coronation year of DyukJong(덕종).
DyukJong presented his condolences to Kang, Gam-Chan's death quitting morning meeting for three days, gave him obituary gifts generously and posthumous name of InHyunGong.
After that, Kang, Gam-Chan's ancestral tablet was put at the HyunJong's shrine and MunJong(문종) gave him KyumJungSuhRyung. YulJun(a series of biographies) says Kang Gam Chan refused official position because of his old age and went back to SungnamByulYa, he wrote NakDoGyoGyuJib and GuSunJib there. But all of them were not transmitted.
At KyoRyuSa YulJun(열전) which was completed after his death, he was described as a integrity and upright person. He had no interested in properties and that he had a homely face, he usually wore shabby clothes, so most of people couldn't see him as a high official. But once he went to the Court and came to a conclusion of policies solemnly, politicians were obssessd with his dignity. After Kang, Gam-Chan beated GyuRan at GuiJuDaeChup, KyoRyu became stable in politics and society, and that had a good harvest every year. People in those days thought all of these good things were thanks to Kang, Gam-Chan.
By viewpoint of understanding of oral tradition literature on Kang, Gam-Chan's legend, I understand through this series of process - in the middle of being told as an outstanding strategist, not being selfish, integrity and upright person at the issue of defeating GyuRan at GuiJuDaeChup, adding exaggeration and groundless rumor, historical fact turning into fiction - Kang, Gam-Chan's folktale had the opportunity of the legendary transmission. According to this process, the specific aspect of the legendary transmission represented as follows.
1. birth : In the legend of Kang, Gam-Chan, fictional figuration was from his birth story. Because his birth story played a role of representing persuasively that he had a mysterious ability, that is, Kang, Gam-Chan was figured as a remarkable man having mysterious ability and quality acquired by abnormal birth.
2. growth process : There are eleven legends about smallpox and two legends about small height and training stories. Kang, Gam-Chan was a man of small height, homely face with pits owing to smallpox. And Kang, Gam-Chan was described as a peculiar man of being able to handle the ghost of smallpox at his own will. It would be right that the story about making fun of him by being short was the reflection of people's intimacy rather than acceptance of actual fact. He was also figured as the man with bravery as a warrior and wisdom from his childhood.
3. achievements : A series of stories of doing good when he grew up were included in this part, what is called, activity story. Kang, Gam-Chan's activity story was discriminated into four acts. They are 'breaking others of a bad habit', 'rescuing a person from danger', 'achievement as a governor' and 'getting rid of harmful things'. The contents of 'breaking others of a bad habit' are that he broke his mother-in-law of mistreating him on the ground of his having a homely face with pits and being very short. And Kang, Gam-Chan got rid of his subordinates mistreating with wisdom when he was in the government service. The contents of 'rescuing a person from danger' are that he got rid of goblins turning into bride or bridegroom, rescuing a person from ghost's danger. The contents of 'achievements as a governor' are that when he was in charge of Chief Executive in the village, he solved populace's grievance. The contents of 'getting rid of harmful things' are that he eliminated tiger injuring and troubling people, lower animals like frog, aunt, mosquito and that a thunder with a mysterious ability. These kind of stories functioned as an actual proof of embordiment of Kang, Gam-Chan's heroic figure.
4. death : The most difficult things in reconstruction of his life history was that there were few materials about his death. This would originate from the thoughts of that people didn't want to admit his death itself. The fact being revealed through the understanding of oral tradition literature was that Kang, Gam-Chan's legend had the character of mixed folktales. Even though the common legend's hero has extraordinary ability, he couldn't display his ability, leading to a failure or death at last. But in the case of Kang, Gam-Chan's legend, his birth was incorporated as mythic level through the fact that he was a son his parents gave birth to when they were old, the story that his father was a human and his mother was a fox and a dream of forthcoming conception, so represented mysterious aspect. And Kang, Gam-Chan was made a mythic hero obviously in that he could deal with the ghost of smallpox at his own will or change the order of heaven by breaking a thunder(knife).
For the last time, I understand that transmitting consciousness of tranmitting group is as follows 1. A group of people's expectation about the advent of hero 2. desiring a governor doing good 3. desiring happiness in daily life. And I think this kind of people's consciousness worked as a motive power, therefore Kang, Gam-Chan's legend could transmit until today.
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