We live in rapidly changing and basically violent world. we watch as millions of people are forced into exile, looking for food, for safety, for hope for the future. Refugees are everywhere- a by - product of crisis, and they make many problems to various types. Refugee situations are not merely pro...
We live in rapidly changing and basically violent world. we watch as millions of people are forced into exile, looking for food, for safety, for hope for the future. Refugees are everywhere- a by - product of crisis, and they make many problems to various types. Refugee situations are not merely problems calling for humanitarian concern. They can be a potential threat to the social, economic, and political fabric of host states, and ultimately a threat to international stability. Refugee problems affect the outside world in several ways. First, offering sanctuary to refugees can invite military reprisal, thereby drawing the host country into the conflict. Second, if refugees flee to neighboring countries where large numbers of their ethnic brethren live, their plight can lead their compatriots to become more involved in the original conflict, thereby widening the war. Third, refugees can be seen as potential threats to the cultural identity of host states, especially when refugee communities are large and when they establish their own school, newspapers, cultural organizations and places of worship. Fifth, refugees can become political forces in host countries, particularly regarding foreign policy issues relating to their homeland. Traditionally, the United Nations High Commissioner for refugees(UNHCR), together with numerous other governmental and non-government agencies, has initiated its action only after a situation has reached such magnitude as to command international attention. Whereas this post-event action may have sufficed in the past, now, as geopolitical features and the character of refugee flows have changed, I question the viability of the UNHCR and the capability of existing organized structures to cope with these difficulties. This thesis attempts to provide extensive overview of the world refugee crisis today, asserting that refugee problems are a political issue and a global issue. Therefore, it must be dealt with politically and internationally. And I also explores the role of UNHCR, the principal mechanism of the international community to assist and protect refugees. Generally, the UNHCR provides basic material assistence in the form of emergency relief, food, and medical care, and shelter. Its programmes strive to give refugees jobs and training, education and social services. This specialized Un agency works toward one of three durable solutions : voluntary repatriation, local integration, or third country resettlement. Notwithstanding its central position, the UNHCR suffers from several structural and organizational problems. These involve resources and planning, the ambiguity of international law and norms, the restricted base of its state membershio, and the chronic tension that exists between the humanitarian tasks of UNHCR and the political context in which it has to work. In this thesis, I tried to lay out these problems and to see the inescapable logic that effective human responses to the world's refugees are not only right but are in our own self-interest. Finally I suggested that the UNHCR should be strengthened in order to put the best face on the worrisome situation place world wide.
We live in rapidly changing and basically violent world. we watch as millions of people are forced into exile, looking for food, for safety, for hope for the future. Refugees are everywhere- a by - product of crisis, and they make many problems to various types. Refugee situations are not merely problems calling for humanitarian concern. They can be a potential threat to the social, economic, and political fabric of host states, and ultimately a threat to international stability. Refugee problems affect the outside world in several ways. First, offering sanctuary to refugees can invite military reprisal, thereby drawing the host country into the conflict. Second, if refugees flee to neighboring countries where large numbers of their ethnic brethren live, their plight can lead their compatriots to become more involved in the original conflict, thereby widening the war. Third, refugees can be seen as potential threats to the cultural identity of host states, especially when refugee communities are large and when they establish their own school, newspapers, cultural organizations and places of worship. Fifth, refugees can become political forces in host countries, particularly regarding foreign policy issues relating to their homeland. Traditionally, the United Nations High Commissioner for refugees(UNHCR), together with numerous other governmental and non-government agencies, has initiated its action only after a situation has reached such magnitude as to command international attention. Whereas this post-event action may have sufficed in the past, now, as geopolitical features and the character of refugee flows have changed, I question the viability of the UNHCR and the capability of existing organized structures to cope with these difficulties. This thesis attempts to provide extensive overview of the world refugee crisis today, asserting that refugee problems are a political issue and a global issue. Therefore, it must be dealt with politically and internationally. And I also explores the role of UNHCR, the principal mechanism of the international community to assist and protect refugees. Generally, the UNHCR provides basic material assistence in the form of emergency relief, food, and medical care, and shelter. Its programmes strive to give refugees jobs and training, education and social services. This specialized Un agency works toward one of three durable solutions : voluntary repatriation, local integration, or third country resettlement. Notwithstanding its central position, the UNHCR suffers from several structural and organizational problems. These involve resources and planning, the ambiguity of international law and norms, the restricted base of its state membershio, and the chronic tension that exists between the humanitarian tasks of UNHCR and the political context in which it has to work. In this thesis, I tried to lay out these problems and to see the inescapable logic that effective human responses to the world's refugees are not only right but are in our own self-interest. Finally I suggested that the UNHCR should be strengthened in order to put the best face on the worrisome situation place world wide.
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